聚丙烯阻燃剂的应用
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摘要
叙述了磷氮系阻燃剂、硅系阻燃剂、水合金属化合物阻燃剂、膨胀型阻燃剂等非卤系阻燃剂和含卤阻燃剂在聚丙烯阻燃性研究中的应用情况,分析了不同阻燃剂对聚丙烯阻燃性能和力学性能的影响。认为卤系阻燃剂会放出有毒的烟和气体,故应向无卤阻燃剂方向发展;磷氮系阻燃剂具有协同阻燃效果,并对环境友好,同时还有隔热、抑烟等作用;硅系阻燃剂能改善基材的机械性能和耐热性能;水合金属化合物阻燃剂具有无毒、无腐蚀性、耐高温的特点的优点,但加入的量较大,会对聚丙烯的性能产生较大的影响。膨胀型阻燃剂是一种环保的绿色阻燃剂,在燃烧时产生的烟雾少、毒性低,会在表面生产炭质泡沫层,起到隔热、隔氧、抑烟等功效,符合未来阻燃剂研究开发的方向。
It reviewed the application of halogen flame retardants and non-halogen flame retardants containing phosphorus-nitrogen series flame retardants, silicon flame retardants, hydrated metal compounds flame retardants and intumescent flame retardants in polypropylene flame retardant performance research. The effects of different flame retardants on the flame retardant performance and mechanical properties of polypropylene were analyzed. The direction of development should be non-halogen flame retardants because the halogen flame retardant could release poisonous smoke and gas. Phosphor-nitrogen series flame retardants had synergistic flame retardant effect, and had the advantages such as environmentally friendly as well as thermal insulation and smoke suppression. Silicon flame retardants could improve the mechanical properties and thermal resistance of the base material. Hydrated metal compounds flame retardants had the advantages of non-toxic, non-corrosive and high temperature resistance, but it had great influence on the performance of polypropylene if the added amount larger. Intumescent flame retardants was a green flame retardant of environmental protection, less smoke and low toxicity when burning, and could make carbon foam in surface layer which had effect of thermal and oxygen insulation and smoke suppression, so it is conform to the research and development direction of flame retardants in the future.
It reviewed the application of halogen flame retardants and non-halogen flame retardants containing phosphorus-nitrogen series flame retardants, silicon flame retardants, hydrated metal compounds flame retardants and intumescent flame retardants in polypropylene flame retardant performance research. The effects of different flame retardants on the flame retardant performance and mechanical properties of polypropylene were analyzed. The direction of development should be non-halogen flame retardants because the halogen flame retardant could release poisonous smoke and gas. Phosphor-nitrogen series flame retardants had synergistic flame retardant effect, and had the advantages such as environmentally friendly as well as thermal insulation and smoke suppression. Silicon flame retardants could improve the mechanical properties and thermal resistance of the base material. Hydrated metal compounds flame retardants had the advantages of non-toxic, non-corrosive and high temperature resistance, but it had great influence on the performance of polypropylene if the added amount larger. Intumescent flame retardants was a green flame retardant of environmental protection, less smoke and low toxicity when burning, and could make carbon foam in surface layer which had effect of thermal and oxygen insulation and smoke suppression, so it is conform to the research and development direction of flame retardants in the future.
引文
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[15]秦兆鲁,李定华,杨荣杰,氢氧化铝包覆改性聚磷酸铵及其在阻燃聚丙烯中的应用研究[J].无机材料学报,2015,30(12):1267-1272.
[16]郑炳发,辛明亮,马玉杰,等.氢氧化铝阻燃剂的表面改性及其在聚丙烯中的应用的研究[J].中国塑料,2011,25(4):93-97.
[17]王涛.氢氧化镁阻燃聚丙烯复合材料的制备及改性研究[J].武警学院学报,2015,31(6):9-13.
[18]刘启明,刘勇旭,李良波,等.PE-RT/PP/氢氧化镁微粉复合材料的研究[J].上海塑料,2011(3):39-41.
[19]黄涛,乔建江,张颐年,等.氢氧化镁阻燃剂的制备及其应用的研究[J].华东理工大学学报,2015,41(1):60-65.
[20]查辉,王勇.不同溴阻燃剂对聚丙烯阻燃性能的影响[J].消防科学与技术,2012,31(9):981-984.
[21]颜龙,徐志胜.溴系协效阻燃体系对PP阻燃和生烟性能的影响[J].工程塑料应用,2015,43(7):114-117.
[22]王良民,李建业,王德强,等.磷溴协效阻燃剂的制备及其阻燃共聚聚丙烯的研究[J].山东化工,2015,44(18):13-15.
[23]王小芬,高山俊,王柱,等.新型磷氮溴复合阻燃剂的制备及其阻燃聚丙烯的研究[J].中国塑料,2014,28(3):93-96.
[2]许召赞,陈明军,颜渊巍,等.一种新型无卤阻燃剂在聚丙烯中的应用研究[J].厦门:中国阻燃学术年会,2012.
[3]Wu K,Song L,Wang Z,et al.Preparation and characterization of double shell microencapsulated ammonium poly phosphate and Itsflameretardanceinpolypropylene[J].Journalof Polymer Re-search,2009,16(3):283-294.
[4]赵献峰.磷-氮系阻燃剂对PP改性的研究[J].化工设计通讯,2016,42(4):161-161.
[5]李贵勋,曹少魁,王万杰,等.反应性三源一体膨胀型阻燃剂阻燃聚丙烯的阻燃机理[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2014,30(5):72-76.
[6]李雄杰,刘雨,邹国享,等.分子筛/受阻胺对膨胀阻燃聚丙烯的协同阻燃作用[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2017,33(1):57-62.
[7]叶淑英.几种无卤膨胀型阻燃剂对聚丙烯性能的影响[J].塑料工业,2017,45(7):120-123.
[8]刘猛,王海增,张芳华,等.碱式硫酸镁晶须对膨胀阻燃聚丙烯的协效作用[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2016,32(3):59-63.
[9]肖鹏,杨友强,姜向新,等.偶联剂表面改性对膨胀阻燃聚丙烯性能的影响[J].中国塑料,2016,30(10):25-31.
[10]钟柳,刘治国,欧育湘.BDP阻燃PC/ABS及其复合材料的阻燃性和热降解动力学[J].中国塑料,2008,22(5):25-29.
[11]黄建光,冯彩敏,刘洪波,等.纳米Si O2对PP/MPP/PEPA膨胀阻燃体系的协同作用[J].塑料,2010,39(2):1-4.
[12]Gao S L,Li,Bai P,et al.Effect of polysiloxane and silanemodified Si O2on a novel intumescent flame retardant polypropylene system[J].Polym Adv Technol,2011,22:2609-2616.
[13]Liu Man,Zhang Shun,Wu Ningjing.Study on the Properties of PP/Organic-silicon Resin Flame-retardance Blends[J].China Plastics Industry,2009,44(8):1010-1014.
[14]吴涛,王胜广,李培国,等.有机硅改性无卤膨胀型阻燃剂的制备及在聚丙烯中的应用研究[J].有机硅材料,2012,26(5):336-339.
[15]秦兆鲁,李定华,杨荣杰,氢氧化铝包覆改性聚磷酸铵及其在阻燃聚丙烯中的应用研究[J].无机材料学报,2015,30(12):1267-1272.
[16]郑炳发,辛明亮,马玉杰,等.氢氧化铝阻燃剂的表面改性及其在聚丙烯中的应用的研究[J].中国塑料,2011,25(4):93-97.
[17]王涛.氢氧化镁阻燃聚丙烯复合材料的制备及改性研究[J].武警学院学报,2015,31(6):9-13.
[18]刘启明,刘勇旭,李良波,等.PE-RT/PP/氢氧化镁微粉复合材料的研究[J].上海塑料,2011(3):39-41.
[19]黄涛,乔建江,张颐年,等.氢氧化镁阻燃剂的制备及其应用的研究[J].华东理工大学学报,2015,41(1):60-65.
[20]查辉,王勇.不同溴阻燃剂对聚丙烯阻燃性能的影响[J].消防科学与技术,2012,31(9):981-984.
[21]颜龙,徐志胜.溴系协效阻燃体系对PP阻燃和生烟性能的影响[J].工程塑料应用,2015,43(7):114-117.
[22]王良民,李建业,王德强,等.磷溴协效阻燃剂的制备及其阻燃共聚聚丙烯的研究[J].山东化工,2015,44(18):13-15.
[23]王小芬,高山俊,王柱,等.新型磷氮溴复合阻燃剂的制备及其阻燃聚丙烯的研究[J].中国塑料,2014,28(3):93-96.