“双创”背景下高校大学生创业意识的实证研究
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摘要
随着我国高等教育的大众化以及高校毕业生人数的逐年增加,大学生就业形势日益严峻。在此背景下,李克强总理提出的"大众创业、万众创新"成为社会各界讨论的热点话题,大学生创新创业得到政府的鼓励和支持。如今,中国正快速步入"互联网+"时代,信息技术的发展为大学生创业提供了前所未有的机遇。基于全新的视角,从创业偏好和创业环境满意度两方面来研究大学生的创业意识,通过使用问卷调查法和描述性统计、因子分析等一系列统计方法对数据进行分析,将样本分为创业观望群、理性创业群和随波逐流群三类群体,从而有针对性地分别提出促进大学生创新创业的合理建议,以引导大学生对创业有一个正确的认识,使其创业效果达到最优化。
With the popularization of higher education and the increasing number of college graduates,the employment situation of college students is becoming more and more serious.In this context,the concept of "mass entrepreneurship and innovation" proposed by Premier Li Keqiang has become a hot topic of discussion in all sectors of society.College students′ innovation and entrepreneurship have been encouraged and supported by the government.Nowadays,China is rapidly entering the era of "Internet +",and the development of information technology has provided unprecedented opportunities for college students to start their own businesses.This paper adopts a new perspective to study college students′ entrepreneurial consciousness from two aspects:entrepreneurial preference and satisfaction with entrepreneurial environment.After analyzing the data obtained by using a series of statistical methods such as questionnaire survey,descriptive statistics and factor analysis,all samples are divided into entrepreneurial wait-and-see group,rational entrepreneurial group and follow-up group.In order to guide college students to have a correct understanding of entrepreneurship and to optimize the effect of entrepreneurship,this paper puts forward reasonable suggestions.
With the popularization of higher education and the increasing number of college graduates,the employment situation of college students is becoming more and more serious.In this context,the concept of "mass entrepreneurship and innovation" proposed by Premier Li Keqiang has become a hot topic of discussion in all sectors of society.College students′ innovation and entrepreneurship have been encouraged and supported by the government.Nowadays,China is rapidly entering the era of "Internet +",and the development of information technology has provided unprecedented opportunities for college students to start their own businesses.This paper adopts a new perspective to study college students′ entrepreneurial consciousness from two aspects:entrepreneurial preference and satisfaction with entrepreneurial environment.After analyzing the data obtained by using a series of statistical methods such as questionnaire survey,descriptive statistics and factor analysis,all samples are divided into entrepreneurial wait-and-see group,rational entrepreneurial group and follow-up group.In order to guide college students to have a correct understanding of entrepreneurship and to optimize the effect of entrepreneurship,this paper puts forward reasonable suggestions.
引文
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[14]魏巍,李强.社会资本、创业自我效能感与大学生创业意愿关系的实证研究[J].西安电子科技大学学报:社会科学版,2015,25(1):112-117.
[15]钟云华,吴立保,夏姣.大学生创业意愿的影响因素及其激发对策分析[J].高教探索,2016,(2):86-90.
[12]张雷,刘晓莉.大学生创业意愿的影响因素与运行机理研究[J].高等农业教育,2018,(5):32-38
[2]徐小洲,梅伟惠,倪好.大学生创业困境与制度创新[J].中国高教研究,2015,(1):45-48+53.
[3]赵军,杨克岩.“互联网+”环境下创新创业信息平台构建研究——以大学生创新创业教育为例[J].情报科学,2016,34(5):59-63.
[4]吴志攀.“大众创业万众创新”的局面何以形成?——对北京大学部分青年校友创业情况的观察与初步分析[J].北京大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2015,52(3):211-218.
[6]刘凤清,乔芬.大学生创业意识现状及培养方式研究[J].思想教育研究,2010,(2):87-90.
[5]李华琴,罗英.基于大众创业万众创新制度设计研究[J].科学管理研究,2015,33(6):16-19.
[13]王玲.大学生创业意识现状调查研究[J].黑龙江教育:高教研究与评估,2017,(3):69-71.
[8]周勇,杨文燮.大学生创业主动性的现状及对策研究[J].中国青年研究,2014,(10):78-82.
[7]孔伟英,朱盼.“95后”大学生创新创业意识调查与培养[J].宁波大学学报:教育科学版,2016,38(6):95-99.
[8]潘文庆,杨丽.大学生创业意识影响因素研究综述[J].高教探索,2014,(5):173-177.
[9]薛继红.大学生创业素质现状调查及原因解析[J].中国成人教育,2013,(20):143-146.
[10]方卓,张秀娥.创业激情有助于提升大学生创业意愿吗?——基于六省大学生问卷调查的研究[J].外国经济与管理,2016,38(7):41-56.
[11]蔡颖,赵宁.基于主成分回归方法的高校大学生创业意愿分析[J].高教探索,2014,(4):160-165.
[14]魏巍,李强.社会资本、创业自我效能感与大学生创业意愿关系的实证研究[J].西安电子科技大学学报:社会科学版,2015,25(1):112-117.
[15]钟云华,吴立保,夏姣.大学生创业意愿的影响因素及其激发对策分析[J].高教探索,2016,(2):86-90.
[12]张雷,刘晓莉.大学生创业意愿的影响因素与运行机理研究[J].高等农业教育,2018,(5):32-38