T型逆变器的共模干扰与共模电压抑制算法
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摘要
在车辆电传动等大功率、高密度的交流调速场合,采用PWM控制时逆变器的共模干扰问题对电机和调速系统的影响和危害尤为突出。通过对T型逆变器电路拓扑和工作模态的研究,说明了逆变器共模电压的生成原因,得出了逆变器共模电压的傅里叶表达式,并分析了其谐波构成。其次,提出了T型逆变器的共模干扰等效模型,实验表明共模电压频谱的仿真与实验结果吻合,验证了高频模型的有效性。最后,提出了一种可以在理论上消除共模电压的调制波移相PWM算法,通过与传统空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)、改进SVPWM和载波反向层叠调制(PODSPWM)算法的对比分析,说明了该算法对于抑制T型逆变器共模电压的优势与有效性,同时也指出了调制波移相PWM算法仍然存在的问题。
In vehicle electrical transmission and other high-power or hign-density AC speed regulating occasions,the impact and damage of common mode interference is particular prominent on the motor and speed regulating system. This paper analyzed the topology structure and working modes of the T-shaped inverter in details,achieves the cause of common mode voltage. We also deducted Fourier expression of common mode voltage and analyzed its harmonic components and mathematical meaning. Besides,we proposed a high frequency equivalent model of the T-type inverter with common mode interference capacity,simulation results of common mode voltage spectrum show that the model can reflect the actual status of the common mode current. Finally,a kind of modulation wave phase shift PWM algorithm that can eliminate common mode voltage was proposed. It shows that the new algorithm is more effective compared with traditional SVPWM, improved SVPWM and PODSPWM algorithm. And it also indicates the short comings of the modulation wave phase shift algorithm.
In vehicle electrical transmission and other high-power or hign-density AC speed regulating occasions,the impact and damage of common mode interference is particular prominent on the motor and speed regulating system. This paper analyzed the topology structure and working modes of the T-shaped inverter in details,achieves the cause of common mode voltage. We also deducted Fourier expression of common mode voltage and analyzed its harmonic components and mathematical meaning. Besides,we proposed a high frequency equivalent model of the T-type inverter with common mode interference capacity,simulation results of common mode voltage spectrum show that the model can reflect the actual status of the common mode current. Finally,a kind of modulation wave phase shift PWM algorithm that can eliminate common mode voltage was proposed. It shows that the new algorithm is more effective compared with traditional SVPWM, improved SVPWM and PODSPWM algorithm. And it also indicates the short comings of the modulation wave phase shift algorithm.
引文
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[9]钟玉林,赵争鸣.改进式SHEPWM对三电平变频器系统的共模电压和轴电压的抑制作用[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(6):48-55.Zhong Yulin,Zhao Zhengming.Common mode voltage and shaft voltage suppression on a three-level NPC inverter system applying improved SHEPWM[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(6):48-55.
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[12]王全东,李方正,孟宪波.杂散参数对T型逆变器IGBT关断电压的影响与叠层母线设计[J].装甲兵工程学院学报,2014,28(6):64-70.Wang Quandong,Li Fangzheng,Meng Xianbo.Stray parameters impact on IGBT turn-off voltage of T-shaped inverter and laminated busbar design[J].Journal of Academy of Armored Force Engineering,2014,28(6):64-70.
[13]裴雪军,康勇,熊健,等.PWM逆变器共模传导电磁干扰的预测[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(8):83-88.Pei Xuejun,Kang Yong,Xiong Jian,et al.Perdition of common mode conducted EMI in PWM inverter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(8):83-88.
[14]黄劲,熊蕊,王志,等.采用三相四桥臂抑制逆变器共模干扰的SPWM控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(3):110-115.Huang Jin,Xiong Rui,Wang Zhi,et al.SPWM control strategy to reduce inverter common-mode interferences based on three-phase four-leg structure[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(3):110-115.
[15]Holmes D G,Lipo T A.电力电子变换器PWM技术原理与实践[M].北京:人民邮电出版,2010.
[16]白志红,张仲超.一类单相电流型多电平逆变器拓扑及其PWM方法的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(25):73-77.Bai Zhihong,Zhang Zhongchao.Research on topology and PWM method of a single-phase multilevel currentsource inverter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(25):73-77.
[17]姚端正,梁家宝.数学物理方法[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2001.
[18]袁义生,钱照明.功率变换器动态节点电位平衡共模EMI抑制技术[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2003,37(1):108-111.Yuan Yisheng,Qian Zhaoming.Suppression technique of dynamic nodes potential balance for common mode EMI in power converters[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2003,37(1):108-111.
[19]陈名,孙旭东,黄立培.变频空调压缩机电机高频参数的提取[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2011,51(1):43-46,52.Chen Ming,Sun Xudong,Huang Lipei.Extraction of high frequency operating parameters of a compressor motor for a variable frequency air conditioner[J].Journal of Tsinghua University Science and Technology,2011,51(1):43-46,52.
[2]项宇,苏建强,刘春光,等.电传动装甲车辆电源系统建模与仿真[J].火力与指挥控制,2015,40(1):178-182.Xiang Yu,Su Jianqiang,Liu Chunguang,et al.Modeling of and simulation research on armored electric drive vehicles power system[J].Fire Control&Command Control,2015,40(1):178-182.
[3]王颢雄,马伟明,肖飞,等.随机SVPWM技术在背靠背变流系统中的研究与应用[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(12):92-96.Wang Haoxiong,Ma Weiming,Xiao Fei,et al.Study and application of randomized modulation SVPWM in back-to-back converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(12):92-96.
[4]Liang Bin,Wei Kexin,Yue Y J.Prediction of the conducted EMI in PWM converter system with parasitic parameters considered[J].Science China Technological Sciences,2012,55(10):2829-2836.
[5]姜艳姝,于晓洋,艾跃,等.PWM多驱动系统中的共模电压及其抑制[J].电机与控制学报,2010,14(11):44-48,57.Jiang Yanshu,Yu Xiaoyang,Ai Yue,et al.Common mode voltage and its cancellation in PWM multi drive system[J].Electric Machines and Control,2010,14(11):44-48,57.
[6]孟进,马伟明,张磊,等.考虑PWM调制策略的逆变器共模和差模干扰源模型[J].电工技术学报,2007,22(12):91-97.Meng Jin,Ma Weiming,Zhang Lei,et al.DM and CM EMI sources modeling for inverters considering the PWM strategies[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2007,22(12):91-97.
[7]Ogasawara S,Akagi H.Analysis and reduction of EMI conducted by a PWM inverter-fed AC motor drive system having long power cables[C]//2000 IEEE 31st Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference,2002:928-933.
[8]Aoki N,Satoh K,Nabae A.Damping circuit to suppress motor terminal over-voltage and ringing in PWM inverter-fed AC motor drive systems with long motor leads[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1999,35(5):1014-1020.
[9]钟玉林,赵争鸣.改进式SHEPWM对三电平变频器系统的共模电压和轴电压的抑制作用[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(6):48-55.Zhong Yulin,Zhao Zhengming.Common mode voltage and shaft voltage suppression on a three-level NPC inverter system applying improved SHEPWM[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(6):48-55.
[10]Bell S,Cookson T J,Cope S A,et al.Experience with variable-frequency drives and motor bearing reliability[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2001,37(5):1438-1446.
[11]马琳,孙凯,Remus Teodorescu,等.高效率中点钳位型光伏逆变器拓扑比较[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(2):108-114.Ma Lin,Sun Kai,Remus Teodorescu,et al.Comparison of the topologies of high efficiency neutral point clamping photovoltaic inverters[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(2):108-114.
[12]王全东,李方正,孟宪波.杂散参数对T型逆变器IGBT关断电压的影响与叠层母线设计[J].装甲兵工程学院学报,2014,28(6):64-70.Wang Quandong,Li Fangzheng,Meng Xianbo.Stray parameters impact on IGBT turn-off voltage of T-shaped inverter and laminated busbar design[J].Journal of Academy of Armored Force Engineering,2014,28(6):64-70.
[13]裴雪军,康勇,熊健,等.PWM逆变器共模传导电磁干扰的预测[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(8):83-88.Pei Xuejun,Kang Yong,Xiong Jian,et al.Perdition of common mode conducted EMI in PWM inverter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(8):83-88.
[14]黄劲,熊蕊,王志,等.采用三相四桥臂抑制逆变器共模干扰的SPWM控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(3):110-115.Huang Jin,Xiong Rui,Wang Zhi,et al.SPWM control strategy to reduce inverter common-mode interferences based on three-phase four-leg structure[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(3):110-115.
[15]Holmes D G,Lipo T A.电力电子变换器PWM技术原理与实践[M].北京:人民邮电出版,2010.
[16]白志红,张仲超.一类单相电流型多电平逆变器拓扑及其PWM方法的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(25):73-77.Bai Zhihong,Zhang Zhongchao.Research on topology and PWM method of a single-phase multilevel currentsource inverter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(25):73-77.
[17]姚端正,梁家宝.数学物理方法[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2001.
[18]袁义生,钱照明.功率变换器动态节点电位平衡共模EMI抑制技术[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2003,37(1):108-111.Yuan Yisheng,Qian Zhaoming.Suppression technique of dynamic nodes potential balance for common mode EMI in power converters[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2003,37(1):108-111.
[19]陈名,孙旭东,黄立培.变频空调压缩机电机高频参数的提取[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2011,51(1):43-46,52.Chen Ming,Sun Xudong,Huang Lipei.Extraction of high frequency operating parameters of a compressor motor for a variable frequency air conditioner[J].Journal of Tsinghua University Science and Technology,2011,51(1):43-46,52.