垃圾堆肥过程恶臭污染及其控制技术研究进展
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摘要
城市和农村生活垃圾有机质含量高,堆肥作为合适的无害化资源化处理方法而得到了广泛的应用.然而,堆肥过程存在着恶臭污染问题,作为垃圾堆肥的一个主要弊病,限制着堆肥产业的发展.文章概述了垃圾堆肥过程所产生恶臭的主要成分及其危害,重点阐述了堆肥恶臭的原位及末端控制技术,并对今后堆肥恶臭污染控制技术的研究方向进行了展望.
Due to the high content of organic matter in urban and rural domestic refuse,composting,as the appropriate harmless treatment method,is widely applied.However,odor pollution,as a major weakness of composting,restricts the development of the composting industry,which is a serious environmental problem.In this paper,the main components and harms of odor occurring in composting are introduced,with the focus of the research advances in the in-situ and end odor control technologies during composting.The research perspectives in the directions of composting odor control technologies are also discussed.
Due to the high content of organic matter in urban and rural domestic refuse,composting,as the appropriate harmless treatment method,is widely applied.However,odor pollution,as a major weakness of composting,restricts the development of the composting industry,which is a serious environmental problem.In this paper,the main components and harms of odor occurring in composting are introduced,with the focus of the research advances in the in-situ and end odor control technologies during composting.The research perspectives in the directions of composting odor control technologies are also discussed.
引文
[1]Chen C Y,Kuo J T,Chung Y C.Effect of matured compost as an inoculating agent on odour removal and maturation of vegetable and fruit waste compost[J].Environmental Technology,2013,34(3):313-320.
[2]姚为,赵卿.城市生活垃圾处理技术综述[J].广西轻工业,2010,26(4):65-66.
[3]Mao I F,Tsai C J,Shen S H,et al.Critical components of odors in evaluating the performance of food waste composting plants[J].Science of the Total Environment,2006,370(2):323-329.
[4]Lehtinen J,Tolvanen O,Nivukoski U,et al.Occupational hygiene in terms of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)and bioaerosols at two solid waste management plants in Finland[J].Waste Management,2013,33(4):964-973.
[5]Smet E,Langenhove H V,Bo I D.The emission of volatile compounds during the aerobic and the combined anaerobic/aerobic composting of biowaste[J].Atmospheric Environment,1999,33(8):1130-1295.
[6]Lin Y H,Chen Y P,Ho K L,et al.Large-scale modular biofiltration system for effective odor removal in a composting facility[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A,2013,48(11):1420-1430.
[7]Gallego E,Roca F J,Perales J F,et al.Characterization and determination of the odorous charge in the indoor air of a waste treatment facility through the evaluation of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)using TD-GC/MS[J].Waste Management,2012,32(12):2469-2481.
[8]张红玉,李国学,杨青原.生活垃圾堆肥过程中恶臭物质分析[J].农业工程学报,2013(9):192-199.
[9]Tolvanen O,Jenni N,Nivukoski U,et al.Occupational hygiene in a finnish drum composting plant[J].Waste Management,2005,25(4):427-433.
[10]Yoshio N.Measurement of odor threshold by triangle odor bag method[J].Journal of Japan Air Cleaning Association,2003,2(41):17-25.
[11]Domingo J L,Nadal M.Domestic waste composting facilities:A review of human health risks[J].Environment International,2009,35(2):382-389.
[12]郭小品,羌宁,裴冰,等.城市生活垃圾堆肥厂臭气的产生及防控技术进展[J].环境科学与技术,2007,30(6):107-111.
[13]Jaeyoung P E.Development of a biofilter with tire-derived rubber particle media for hydrogen sulfide odor removal[J].Water,Air,&Soil Pollution,2011,215(1-4):145-153.
[14]Ramírez M,Fernández M,Granada C,et al.Biofiltration of reduced sulphur compounds and community analysis of sulphur-oxidizing bacteria[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(5):4047-4053.
[15]Viswanathan S,Neerackal G,Buyuksonmez F.Removal of beta-pinene and limonene using compost biofilter[J].Journal of the Air&Waste Management Association,2013,63(2):237-245.
[16]Estrada J M,Sergio H,Mu珘noz R,et al.A comparative study of fungal and bacterial biofiltration treating a VOC mixture[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2013,250-251(2):190-197.
[17]Nisola G M,Cho E,Jennica D O,et al.NH3gas absorption and bio-oxidation in a single bioscrubber system[J].Process Biochemistry,2009,44(2):161-167.
[18]Koe L,Yang F.Evaluation of a pilot-scale bioscrubber for the removal of hydrogen sulphide[J].Water and Environment Journal,2000,14(6):432-435.
[19]Xue N T,Wang Q H,Juan W,et al.Odorous composting gas abatement and microbial community diversity in a biotrickling filter[J].International Biodeterioration&Biodegradation,2013,82(4):73-80.
[20]Lee S H,Li C N,Albert J H,et al.Biofiltration of a mixture of ethylene,ammonia,n-butanol,and acetone gases[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,127(1):366-377.
[21]Lebrero R,Rodríguez E,Pérez R,et al.Abatement of odorant compounds in one-and two-phase biotrickling filters under steady and transient conditions[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2013,97(10):4627-4638.
[22]裴冰,羌宁,郭小品.生活垃圾堆肥恶臭气体的生物滴滤净化性能研究[J].环境科学研究,2008,21(1):179-182.
[23]党秋玲,刘驰,席北斗,等.生活垃圾堆肥过程中细菌群落演替规律[J].环境科学研究,2011,24(2):236-242.
[24]Sinden J W,Heuser E.The nature of the composting process and its relation to short composting[J].Mushroom Sci,1953,2:123-131.
[25]Laborde J,Olivier J M,Houdeau G,et al.Indoor static composting for mushroom(Agaricus bisporus lge Sing)cultivation[J].Developments in Crop Science,1987,10:91-100.
[26]Ross R C,Harris P.Some factors involved in phase II of mushroom compost preparation[J].Scientia Horticulturae,1982,17(3):223-229.
[27]Gutiérrez M C,Serrano A,Martín M A,et al.Odour in composting processes at pilot scale:monitoring and biofiltration[J].Environmental Technology,2014,35(13-16):1676-1684.
[28]Sundberg C,Dan Y,Franke-whittle I,et al.Effects of pH and microbial composition on odour in food waste composting[J].Waste Management,2013,33(1):204-211.
[29]Sundberg C,Jnsson H.Higher pH and faster decomposition in biowaste composting by increased aeration[J].Waste Management,2008,28(3):518-526.
[30]Delgado-rodriguez M,Ruiz-montoya M,Giraldez I,et al.Influence of control parameters in VOCs evolution during MSW trimming residues composting[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2011,59(24):11304-13035.
[31]Sundberg C,Smrs S,Jnsson H.Low pH as an inhibiting factor in the transition from mesophilic to thermophilic phase in composting[J].Bioresource Technology,2004,95(2):145-150.
[32]Khiyami M,Masmali I,Abu-khuraiba M.Composting a mixture of date palm wastes,date palm pits,shrimp,and crab shell wastes in vessel system[J].Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences,2008,15(2):199-205.
[33]Pedro M S,Haruta S,Hazaka M,et al.Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analyses of microbial community from field-scale composter[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,2001,91(2):159-165.
[34]Zhang W,Lau A K,Wen Z S.Preventive control of odor emissions through manipulation of operational parameters during the active phase of composting[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B,2009,44(5):496-505.
[35]Liang C,Das K C,Mcclendon R W.The influence of temperature and moisture contents regimes on the aerobic microbial activity of a biosolids composting blend[J].Bioresource Technology,2003,86(2):131-137.
[36]Jiang J,Huang Y,Liu X,et al.The effects of apple pomace,bentonite and calcium superphosphate on swine manure aerobic composting[J].Waste Management(New York,N.Y.),2014,34(9):1595-1602.
[37]Cai X M,Li C P,Qin X,et al.Ventilation,turning and additive effects on odor emissions and municipal solid waste(MSW)bio-drying[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,448:564-569.
[38]Luo Y M,Li G X,Luo W H,et al.Effect of phosphogypsum and dicyandiamide as additives on NH3,N2O and CH4emissions during composting[J].Journal of Environmental Science,2013,25(7):1338-1345.
[39]Gabhane J,William S M,Bidyadhar R,et al.Additives aided composting of green waste:Effects on organic matterdegradation,compost maturity,and quality of the finished compost[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,114(2):382-388.
[2]姚为,赵卿.城市生活垃圾处理技术综述[J].广西轻工业,2010,26(4):65-66.
[3]Mao I F,Tsai C J,Shen S H,et al.Critical components of odors in evaluating the performance of food waste composting plants[J].Science of the Total Environment,2006,370(2):323-329.
[4]Lehtinen J,Tolvanen O,Nivukoski U,et al.Occupational hygiene in terms of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)and bioaerosols at two solid waste management plants in Finland[J].Waste Management,2013,33(4):964-973.
[5]Smet E,Langenhove H V,Bo I D.The emission of volatile compounds during the aerobic and the combined anaerobic/aerobic composting of biowaste[J].Atmospheric Environment,1999,33(8):1130-1295.
[6]Lin Y H,Chen Y P,Ho K L,et al.Large-scale modular biofiltration system for effective odor removal in a composting facility[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A,2013,48(11):1420-1430.
[7]Gallego E,Roca F J,Perales J F,et al.Characterization and determination of the odorous charge in the indoor air of a waste treatment facility through the evaluation of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)using TD-GC/MS[J].Waste Management,2012,32(12):2469-2481.
[8]张红玉,李国学,杨青原.生活垃圾堆肥过程中恶臭物质分析[J].农业工程学报,2013(9):192-199.
[9]Tolvanen O,Jenni N,Nivukoski U,et al.Occupational hygiene in a finnish drum composting plant[J].Waste Management,2005,25(4):427-433.
[10]Yoshio N.Measurement of odor threshold by triangle odor bag method[J].Journal of Japan Air Cleaning Association,2003,2(41):17-25.
[11]Domingo J L,Nadal M.Domestic waste composting facilities:A review of human health risks[J].Environment International,2009,35(2):382-389.
[12]郭小品,羌宁,裴冰,等.城市生活垃圾堆肥厂臭气的产生及防控技术进展[J].环境科学与技术,2007,30(6):107-111.
[13]Jaeyoung P E.Development of a biofilter with tire-derived rubber particle media for hydrogen sulfide odor removal[J].Water,Air,&Soil Pollution,2011,215(1-4):145-153.
[14]Ramírez M,Fernández M,Granada C,et al.Biofiltration of reduced sulphur compounds and community analysis of sulphur-oxidizing bacteria[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(5):4047-4053.
[15]Viswanathan S,Neerackal G,Buyuksonmez F.Removal of beta-pinene and limonene using compost biofilter[J].Journal of the Air&Waste Management Association,2013,63(2):237-245.
[16]Estrada J M,Sergio H,Mu珘noz R,et al.A comparative study of fungal and bacterial biofiltration treating a VOC mixture[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2013,250-251(2):190-197.
[17]Nisola G M,Cho E,Jennica D O,et al.NH3gas absorption and bio-oxidation in a single bioscrubber system[J].Process Biochemistry,2009,44(2):161-167.
[18]Koe L,Yang F.Evaluation of a pilot-scale bioscrubber for the removal of hydrogen sulphide[J].Water and Environment Journal,2000,14(6):432-435.
[19]Xue N T,Wang Q H,Juan W,et al.Odorous composting gas abatement and microbial community diversity in a biotrickling filter[J].International Biodeterioration&Biodegradation,2013,82(4):73-80.
[20]Lee S H,Li C N,Albert J H,et al.Biofiltration of a mixture of ethylene,ammonia,n-butanol,and acetone gases[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,127(1):366-377.
[21]Lebrero R,Rodríguez E,Pérez R,et al.Abatement of odorant compounds in one-and two-phase biotrickling filters under steady and transient conditions[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2013,97(10):4627-4638.
[22]裴冰,羌宁,郭小品.生活垃圾堆肥恶臭气体的生物滴滤净化性能研究[J].环境科学研究,2008,21(1):179-182.
[23]党秋玲,刘驰,席北斗,等.生活垃圾堆肥过程中细菌群落演替规律[J].环境科学研究,2011,24(2):236-242.
[24]Sinden J W,Heuser E.The nature of the composting process and its relation to short composting[J].Mushroom Sci,1953,2:123-131.
[25]Laborde J,Olivier J M,Houdeau G,et al.Indoor static composting for mushroom(Agaricus bisporus lge Sing)cultivation[J].Developments in Crop Science,1987,10:91-100.
[26]Ross R C,Harris P.Some factors involved in phase II of mushroom compost preparation[J].Scientia Horticulturae,1982,17(3):223-229.
[27]Gutiérrez M C,Serrano A,Martín M A,et al.Odour in composting processes at pilot scale:monitoring and biofiltration[J].Environmental Technology,2014,35(13-16):1676-1684.
[28]Sundberg C,Dan Y,Franke-whittle I,et al.Effects of pH and microbial composition on odour in food waste composting[J].Waste Management,2013,33(1):204-211.
[29]Sundberg C,Jnsson H.Higher pH and faster decomposition in biowaste composting by increased aeration[J].Waste Management,2008,28(3):518-526.
[30]Delgado-rodriguez M,Ruiz-montoya M,Giraldez I,et al.Influence of control parameters in VOCs evolution during MSW trimming residues composting[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2011,59(24):11304-13035.
[31]Sundberg C,Smrs S,Jnsson H.Low pH as an inhibiting factor in the transition from mesophilic to thermophilic phase in composting[J].Bioresource Technology,2004,95(2):145-150.
[32]Khiyami M,Masmali I,Abu-khuraiba M.Composting a mixture of date palm wastes,date palm pits,shrimp,and crab shell wastes in vessel system[J].Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences,2008,15(2):199-205.
[33]Pedro M S,Haruta S,Hazaka M,et al.Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analyses of microbial community from field-scale composter[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,2001,91(2):159-165.
[34]Zhang W,Lau A K,Wen Z S.Preventive control of odor emissions through manipulation of operational parameters during the active phase of composting[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B,2009,44(5):496-505.
[35]Liang C,Das K C,Mcclendon R W.The influence of temperature and moisture contents regimes on the aerobic microbial activity of a biosolids composting blend[J].Bioresource Technology,2003,86(2):131-137.
[36]Jiang J,Huang Y,Liu X,et al.The effects of apple pomace,bentonite and calcium superphosphate on swine manure aerobic composting[J].Waste Management(New York,N.Y.),2014,34(9):1595-1602.
[37]Cai X M,Li C P,Qin X,et al.Ventilation,turning and additive effects on odor emissions and municipal solid waste(MSW)bio-drying[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,448:564-569.
[38]Luo Y M,Li G X,Luo W H,et al.Effect of phosphogypsum and dicyandiamide as additives on NH3,N2O and CH4emissions during composting[J].Journal of Environmental Science,2013,25(7):1338-1345.
[39]Gabhane J,William S M,Bidyadhar R,et al.Additives aided composting of green waste:Effects on organic matterdegradation,compost maturity,and quality of the finished compost[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,114(2):382-388.