淮南矿区硬岩穿层钻孔钻进方法对比试验研究
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摘要
针对淮南矿区在施工穿层钻孔时遇到硬岩钻进速度低下的问题,分析了回转冲击钻进、气动冲击回转钻进和高压液动冲击回转钻进3种钻进方法的钻进原理,优选相应钻具和钻头,在典型矿井潘三矿对3种方法的钻进速度进行了对比试验。结果表明:高压液动冲击回转钻进的速度最高,达到12.47 m/h;气动冲击回转钻进的速度次之,最大速度11.42 m/h;回转冲击钻进的速度最低,最大速度3.75 m/h。因此,在淮南矿区硬岩钻进中,优先推荐气动或高压液动冲击回转钻进方法。
According to hard rock drilling problems with the low drilling rate encountered by borehole passed through strata in Huainan mining area,the drilling principles of three drilling methods,percussion-rotary drilling,pneumatic percussive-rotary drilling and high pressure hydraulic percussive-rotary drilling were analyzed,the corresponding drilling tools and bits were optimized. The comparative experiment of drilling rate about three drilling methods was finished in the typical mine,Pansan mine.The results showed high pressure hydraulic percussive-rotary drilling was the highest drilling rate,up to 12.47 m/h.The drilling rate of pneumatic percussive-rotary drilling was the second,and the max.drilling rate was 11.42 m/h. The drilling rate of Pneumatic percussive-rotary drilling was the second,with maximum drilling rate 11.42 m/h. The drilling rate of percussion-rotary drilling was the lowest drilling rate,with maximum drilling rate3.75 m/h.Therefore,pneumatic or high pressure hydraulic percussive-rotary drilling method was recommended preferentially in hard rock drilling of Huainan mining area.
According to hard rock drilling problems with the low drilling rate encountered by borehole passed through strata in Huainan mining area,the drilling principles of three drilling methods,percussion-rotary drilling,pneumatic percussive-rotary drilling and high pressure hydraulic percussive-rotary drilling were analyzed,the corresponding drilling tools and bits were optimized. The comparative experiment of drilling rate about three drilling methods was finished in the typical mine,Pansan mine.The results showed high pressure hydraulic percussive-rotary drilling was the highest drilling rate,up to 12.47 m/h.The drilling rate of pneumatic percussive-rotary drilling was the second,and the max.drilling rate was 11.42 m/h. The drilling rate of Pneumatic percussive-rotary drilling was the second,with maximum drilling rate 11.42 m/h. The drilling rate of percussion-rotary drilling was the lowest drilling rate,with maximum drilling rate3.75 m/h.Therefore,pneumatic or high pressure hydraulic percussive-rotary drilling method was recommended preferentially in hard rock drilling of Huainan mining area.
引文
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[18]唐大勇.冲击_回转钻进在复杂岩层中的应用[J].煤矿机械,2013,34(6):201-202.TANG Dayong. Application of impact rotation drilling in complicated rock.[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2013,34(6):201-202.
[19]常玉军,殷琨.冲击回转碎岩机理试验研究[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2001,28(4):62-64.CHANG Yujun,YING Kun. Research on the percussive rotary rock fragmentation mechanism[J]. Exploration Engineering:Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling,2001,28(4):62-64.
[20]卢春华.节水型回转冲击钻具结构设计与钻进机理研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2007.
[21]谢天.高频轴向液动冲击器破岩机理及试验分析[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2014.
[2]程远平,付建华,俞启香.中国煤矿瓦斯抽采技术的发展[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(2):127-139.CHENG Yuanping,FU Jianhua,YU Qixiang. Development of gas extraction technology in coal mines of China[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2009,26(2):127-139.
[3]豆旭谦,魏宏超,王林杰,等.煤矿井下坑道钻探常见钻孔事故分析与处理方法探讨[J].西部探矿工程,2015,27(8):21-23.DOU Xuqian,WEI Hongchao,WANG Linjie,et al. Discussion on the analysis and treatment of common drilling accidents of underground tunnel of coal mine[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2015(8):21-23.
[4]高晓亮,陈洪岩,张朋.煤矿井下硬岩钻进用金刚石钻头研究综述[J].地质装备,2014,15(3):15-18.GAO Xiaoliang,CHEN Hongyan,ZHANG Peng. Research on diamond bits for coal mine drilling in hard formations[J].Equipment for Geotechnical Engineering,2014,15(3):15-18.
[5]刘刚.弧角型PDC钻头在煤矿定向排水孔施工中的应用[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2015,35(4):11-15.LIU Gang. Application of arcual PDC bit in directional drainage drilling of coal mine[J].Diamond&Abrasives Engineering,2015,35(4):11-15.
[6]张献振,王传留,刘刚.弧角型PDC钻头在青龙煤矿中的应用研究[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2015,35(4):66-69.ZHANG Xianzhen,WANG Chuanliu,LIU Gang. Research and application of curved structure drill in Qinglong Coal Mine[J]. Diamond&Abrasives Engineering,2015,35(4):66-69.
[7]张朋,高晓亮,李波.2种PDC钻头在淮南某煤矿硬岩穿层钻孔施工中的对比与分析[J].煤矿机械,2017,38(11):64-66.ZHANG Peng,GAO Xiaoliang,LI Bo. Comparison and analysis of two kinds of PDC bit of hard rock layer-through borehole drilling in some coal mine of Huainan[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2017,38(11):64-66.
[8]王红波,段隆臣,杨道合.适用于硬岩的PDC全面钻头特点分析[J].矿山机械,2009,37(17):20-22.WANG Hongbo,DUAN Longchen,YANG Daohe.Analysis of characteristics of PDC rock bits applied to the hard rock[J].Mining&Processing Equipment,2009,37(17):20-22.
[9]王红波.基于硬岩钻进的胎体PDC取心钻头的研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2010.
[10]王红波,舒尚文,孙起昱,等.硬岩地层PDC钻头不良工况原因分析与改善措施[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2012,32(3):41-45.WANG Hongbo,SHU Shangwen,SUN Qiyu,et al.Reason analysis and improving measures of PDC bit in hard formations under bad working conditions[J].Diamond&Abrasives Engineering,2012,32(3):41-45.
[11]豆旭谦,金新,童碧,等.气动潜孔锤在淮南潘三矿上仰穿层孔硬岩钻进中的应用[J].煤炭技术,2016,35(1):201-203.DOU Xuqian,JIN Xin,TONG Bi,et al. Application of pneumatic DTH hammer on hard rock drilling of upward layer-through borehole in Pansan Coal Mine[J]. Coal Technology,2016,35(1):201-203.
[12]李世忠.钻探工艺学(上册)[M].北京:地质出版社,1989.
[13]鄢泰宁,卢春华.球体冲击器用于回转冲击钻进的工艺研究[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2008,35(2):5-7.YAN Taining,LU Chunhua.Technology research on application of steel ball percussion tools in rotary percussion drilling[J].Exploration Engineering:Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling,2008,35(2):5-7.
[14]鄢泰宁,吴翔,卢春华.球体冲击器及其在回转冲击钻进中的应用研究[J].地质与勘探,2008,44(2):97-100.YAN Taining,WU Xiang,LU Chunhua. Steel ball percussion device and its application.[J].Geology and Prospecting,2008,44(2):97-100.
[15]赵俊峰,金新,童碧,等.液动潜孔锤钻进技术在潘一煤矿井下穿层钻孔中的应用[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2015,42(6):21-23.ZHAO Junfeng,JIN Xin,TONG Bi,et al. Application of hydrohammer drilling in a coal bed-crossing hole in underground coal mine[J].Exploration Engineering:Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling,2015,42(6):21-23.
[16]任鹏飞,王四一,刘勇.液动潜孔锤在煤矿井下穿层孔钻进中的应用[J].石化技术,2015(8):124-126.REN Pengfei,WANG Siyi,LIU Yong. Application of hydraulic DTH for through layers hole drilling underground mine[J].Petrochemical Industry Technology,2015(8):124-126.
[17]李彦明.冲击_回转钻进工艺在超硬岩层中的应用[J].煤矿机械,2011,32(3):210-212.LI Yanming.Application of impact-rotary drilling technology in super hard rock[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2011,32(3):210-212.
[18]唐大勇.冲击_回转钻进在复杂岩层中的应用[J].煤矿机械,2013,34(6):201-202.TANG Dayong. Application of impact rotation drilling in complicated rock.[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2013,34(6):201-202.
[19]常玉军,殷琨.冲击回转碎岩机理试验研究[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2001,28(4):62-64.CHANG Yujun,YING Kun. Research on the percussive rotary rock fragmentation mechanism[J]. Exploration Engineering:Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling,2001,28(4):62-64.
[20]卢春华.节水型回转冲击钻具结构设计与钻进机理研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2007.
[21]谢天.高频轴向液动冲击器破岩机理及试验分析[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2014.