色氨酸在家禽生产中的应用研究
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摘要
色氨酸及色氨酸的代谢产物具有多种生理功能,不仅能够提高家禽的生理健康和营养物质利用水平还能提高家禽养殖的生产经济效益,在现代家禽养殖业中色氨酸已被公认为重要的限制性氨基酸添加剂。然而色氨酸在动物体内不能合成且在现代自然农业饲料中含量较少,因此色氨酸在现代家禽养殖中成为不可或缺的饲料添加剂。文章从色氨酸代谢原理入手分析色氨酸提高家禽各项生理功能的原因,但是从目前研究可以看出色氨酸作为添加剂更多的应用在猪的生产养殖中,关于色氨酸在现代家禽养殖中的应用研究还不够全面,通过对色氨酸对家禽生长性能、营养代谢、胴体品质、抗氧化功能、免疫功能、繁殖性能以及生产性能等方面的影响加以综述分析以补充目前研究的不足。
Tryptophan and its metabolites have diverse physiologic functions. Tryptophan can maintain animal health, promote nutritional metabolism and improve economic benefits. Tryptophan is an important restrictive amino acid in modern poultry production. However, tryptophan can not be synthesized in animals and is less abundant in modern natural agricultural feeds, which is an indispensable feed additive in modern poultry farming. Based on the principle of tryptophan metabolism, the analysis of tryptophan to improve the physiological functions of poultry showed that tryptophan is used as an additive in pig production and breeding, the application of tryptophan in modern poultry farming is not comprehensive enough from the current research. In this paper, the effed of Tryptophan in diet on growth performance,nutrition metabolism, carcass quality, antioxidant function, immunologic function and reproductive performance of poultry were reviewed.
Tryptophan and its metabolites have diverse physiologic functions. Tryptophan can maintain animal health, promote nutritional metabolism and improve economic benefits. Tryptophan is an important restrictive amino acid in modern poultry production. However, tryptophan can not be synthesized in animals and is less abundant in modern natural agricultural feeds, which is an indispensable feed additive in modern poultry farming. Based on the principle of tryptophan metabolism, the analysis of tryptophan to improve the physiological functions of poultry showed that tryptophan is used as an additive in pig production and breeding, the application of tryptophan in modern poultry farming is not comprehensive enough from the current research. In this paper, the effed of Tryptophan in diet on growth performance,nutrition metabolism, carcass quality, antioxidant function, immunologic function and reproductive performance of poultry were reviewed.
引文
[1]罗玲,曲湘勇,韩奇鹏.家禽色氨酸营养的研究进展[J].饲料博览,2015(11):15-19.
[2]王波,闵芝智,王永伟,等.1~21日龄雌性肉仔鸡表观回肠可消化色氨酸需要量评定[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(9):1664-1667.
[3]阎丽红.色氨酸在畜禽生产中的应用[J].饲料博览,2016(11):15-18.
[4]李华伟,祝倩,吴灵英,等.色氨酸的生理功能及其在畜禽饲粮中的应用[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(3):659-662.
[5]HARMS R H,RUSSELL G B.Evaluation of tryptophan requirement of the commercial layer by using a corn-soybean meal basal diet[J].Poultry Science,2000,79(5):740-742.
[6]CORZO A,KIDD M T,Thaxton J P,et al.Dietary tryptophan effects on growth and stress responses of male broiler chicks[J].British Poultry Science,2005b,46(4):478-484.
[7]韩旭峰,高玉鹏,侯水生,等.1~14日龄北京鸭色氨酸需要量的研究[J].中国饲料,2009(22):22-23.
[8]王鹏,王安,李丽娟.饲粮中色氨酸对0~3周龄肉仔鸡生长性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2010,31(20):8-11.
[9]刘肖挺,王安,杨晓然,等.色氨酸对蛋雏鸭生长性能和营养物质代谢影响[J].中国饲料,2012(19):22-25.
[10]李俄然,严达伟,王孝义,等.仔猪采食量的影响因素分析[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2018(2):47-50.
[11]HENRY Y,SEVE B.Feed intake and dietary amino acid balance in growing pigs with special reference to lysine,tryptophan and threonine[J].Pig News and Information,1993(1):35-43.
[12]侯海峰,李茜.低蛋白质日粮添加色氨酸对蛋鸡生长性能、蛋品质及蛋白质代谢的影响[J].中国饲料,2017(13):13-16.
[13]夏彦斌.饲粮蛋白质水平和色氨酸添加量对断奶仔猪生长性能及血液生化指标的影响[D].扬州:扬州大学,2012.
[14]刘锁珠.低蛋白饲粮中添加色氨酸对肉仔鸡生产及营养代谢的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2007.
[15]王福明.色氨酸对西昌麻鸭生长性能和营养物质代谢的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2014(7):92-95.
[16]席鹏斌,林映才,郑春田.等.饲粮色氨酸水平对1~21日龄黄羽肉鸡生长、体成分沉积及下丘脑5-羟色胺的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(1):43-52.
[17]马永萍,孙育平,黄燕华,等.2种蛋白水平饲料中添加色氨酸对凡纳滨对虾生长、摄食、体成分和血清生化指标的影响[J].饲料研究,2016(8):32-39.
[18]孙育平,裘金木,王国霞,等.低蛋白质饲料中添加色氨酸对凡纳滨对虾饲料表观消化率、消化酶活和全虾氨基酸组成的影响[J].水生生物学报,2016(40):720-727.
[19]沈俊,肖凯,胡金杰,等.猪对色氨酸需要量的研究[J].饲料博览,2014(11):16-20.
[20]喻礼怀,张军,魏宗友,等.饲粮色氨酸水平对扬州鹅蛋白质代谢的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(1):81-89.
[21]王超,周斌,邹晓庭,等.色氨酸对罗曼蛋鸡生产性能及脂肪代谢的影响[C]//第六次全国饲料营养学术研讨会论文集,2010.
[22]周斌,李慧,邹晓庭,等.色氨酸对产蛋鸡脂肪代谢的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2011,23(1):43-52.
[23]AKIBA Y,TAKAHASHI K,HORIGUCHI M,et al.L-tryptophan alleviates fatty liver and modifies hepaticmicrosomal mixed function oxidase in laying hens[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A:Physiology,1992,102(4):769-774.
[24]魏宗友,王洪荣,潘晓花,等.饲喂方式和饲粮色氨酸水平对扬州鹅免疫功能及抗氧化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(12):2356-2365.
[25]王波,闵芝智,李晓敏,等.1~21日龄肉鸡色氨酸适宜水平的研究[J].中国家禽,2014,36(22):24-27.
[26]汤国祥.氨基酸对动物免疫功能的影响及调节机制研究进展[J].中国猪业,2016,8(25):65-68.
[27]刘肖挺,王安,杨晓然,等.色氨酸对蛋雏鸭生长性能、抗氧化功能及免疫器官发育的影响[J].饲料工业,2012,33(10):5-8.
[28]袁超,宋华惠,蒋媛婧,等.饲粮色氨酸水平对蛋鸡生产性能、抗氧化性能及内分泌激素的影响[J].饲料与畜牧,2013,1(15):26-29.
[29]马玉娥,占秀安,朱巧明,等.饲粮色氨酸水平对黄羽肉种鸡生产性能、抗氧化功能及血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(12):2177-2182.
[30]袁超,徐志刚,蒋媛婧,等.新杨绿壳蛋鸡育成期能量和蛋白质的需要量[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(2):735-742.
[31]饶巍,王月,周斌,等.日粮色氨酸水平对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋白质代谢的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2011(15):38-41.
[32]JENSEN L S,CALDERON V M,MENDONCA C X.Response to tryptophan of laying hens fed practical diets varying in protein concentration[J].Poultry Science,1990,69(11):1955-965.
[33]贺强,袁超,李俊明,等.色氨酸在家禽营养中的研究进展[J].饲料工业,2014(4):7-10.
[34]于彦辉,徐桂英,徐本全.色氨酸对长白种鹅产蛋性能影响的试验研究[J].山东畜牧兽医,2011(5):3-4.
[35]张罕星,陈伟,李燕,等.蛋鸭产蛋高峰期色氨酸适宜需要量[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(4):1060-1067.
[36]贺强,丁阳,袁超,等.饲粮色氨酸水平对新阳绿壳鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(8):388-395.
[37]付胜勇,武书庚,张海军,等.饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对21~34周龄海兰灰蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(11):2601-2611.
[38]尹清强,韩友文,滕冰.鸡蛋和体组织氨基酸的含量、组成和模式的动态变化[J].吉林农业大学学报,1996,18(2):54-60.
[39]周斌.日粮色氨酸水平对蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质的影响及其机理的探讨[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010.
[40]KURTOGLU F,KURTOGLU V,NIZAMLIOGLU M.Egg and serum cholesterol concentrations and zootechnical performances of layer hens fed with various levels of niacin[J].Revue de Medecine Veterinaire,2004,155(7):393-400.
[2]王波,闵芝智,王永伟,等.1~21日龄雌性肉仔鸡表观回肠可消化色氨酸需要量评定[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(9):1664-1667.
[3]阎丽红.色氨酸在畜禽生产中的应用[J].饲料博览,2016(11):15-18.
[4]李华伟,祝倩,吴灵英,等.色氨酸的生理功能及其在畜禽饲粮中的应用[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(3):659-662.
[5]HARMS R H,RUSSELL G B.Evaluation of tryptophan requirement of the commercial layer by using a corn-soybean meal basal diet[J].Poultry Science,2000,79(5):740-742.
[6]CORZO A,KIDD M T,Thaxton J P,et al.Dietary tryptophan effects on growth and stress responses of male broiler chicks[J].British Poultry Science,2005b,46(4):478-484.
[7]韩旭峰,高玉鹏,侯水生,等.1~14日龄北京鸭色氨酸需要量的研究[J].中国饲料,2009(22):22-23.
[8]王鹏,王安,李丽娟.饲粮中色氨酸对0~3周龄肉仔鸡生长性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2010,31(20):8-11.
[9]刘肖挺,王安,杨晓然,等.色氨酸对蛋雏鸭生长性能和营养物质代谢影响[J].中国饲料,2012(19):22-25.
[10]李俄然,严达伟,王孝义,等.仔猪采食量的影响因素分析[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2018(2):47-50.
[11]HENRY Y,SEVE B.Feed intake and dietary amino acid balance in growing pigs with special reference to lysine,tryptophan and threonine[J].Pig News and Information,1993(1):35-43.
[12]侯海峰,李茜.低蛋白质日粮添加色氨酸对蛋鸡生长性能、蛋品质及蛋白质代谢的影响[J].中国饲料,2017(13):13-16.
[13]夏彦斌.饲粮蛋白质水平和色氨酸添加量对断奶仔猪生长性能及血液生化指标的影响[D].扬州:扬州大学,2012.
[14]刘锁珠.低蛋白饲粮中添加色氨酸对肉仔鸡生产及营养代谢的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2007.
[15]王福明.色氨酸对西昌麻鸭生长性能和营养物质代谢的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2014(7):92-95.
[16]席鹏斌,林映才,郑春田.等.饲粮色氨酸水平对1~21日龄黄羽肉鸡生长、体成分沉积及下丘脑5-羟色胺的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(1):43-52.
[17]马永萍,孙育平,黄燕华,等.2种蛋白水平饲料中添加色氨酸对凡纳滨对虾生长、摄食、体成分和血清生化指标的影响[J].饲料研究,2016(8):32-39.
[18]孙育平,裘金木,王国霞,等.低蛋白质饲料中添加色氨酸对凡纳滨对虾饲料表观消化率、消化酶活和全虾氨基酸组成的影响[J].水生生物学报,2016(40):720-727.
[19]沈俊,肖凯,胡金杰,等.猪对色氨酸需要量的研究[J].饲料博览,2014(11):16-20.
[20]喻礼怀,张军,魏宗友,等.饲粮色氨酸水平对扬州鹅蛋白质代谢的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(1):81-89.
[21]王超,周斌,邹晓庭,等.色氨酸对罗曼蛋鸡生产性能及脂肪代谢的影响[C]//第六次全国饲料营养学术研讨会论文集,2010.
[22]周斌,李慧,邹晓庭,等.色氨酸对产蛋鸡脂肪代谢的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2011,23(1):43-52.
[23]AKIBA Y,TAKAHASHI K,HORIGUCHI M,et al.L-tryptophan alleviates fatty liver and modifies hepaticmicrosomal mixed function oxidase in laying hens[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A:Physiology,1992,102(4):769-774.
[24]魏宗友,王洪荣,潘晓花,等.饲喂方式和饲粮色氨酸水平对扬州鹅免疫功能及抗氧化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(12):2356-2365.
[25]王波,闵芝智,李晓敏,等.1~21日龄肉鸡色氨酸适宜水平的研究[J].中国家禽,2014,36(22):24-27.
[26]汤国祥.氨基酸对动物免疫功能的影响及调节机制研究进展[J].中国猪业,2016,8(25):65-68.
[27]刘肖挺,王安,杨晓然,等.色氨酸对蛋雏鸭生长性能、抗氧化功能及免疫器官发育的影响[J].饲料工业,2012,33(10):5-8.
[28]袁超,宋华惠,蒋媛婧,等.饲粮色氨酸水平对蛋鸡生产性能、抗氧化性能及内分泌激素的影响[J].饲料与畜牧,2013,1(15):26-29.
[29]马玉娥,占秀安,朱巧明,等.饲粮色氨酸水平对黄羽肉种鸡生产性能、抗氧化功能及血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(12):2177-2182.
[30]袁超,徐志刚,蒋媛婧,等.新杨绿壳蛋鸡育成期能量和蛋白质的需要量[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(2):735-742.
[31]饶巍,王月,周斌,等.日粮色氨酸水平对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋白质代谢的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2011(15):38-41.
[32]JENSEN L S,CALDERON V M,MENDONCA C X.Response to tryptophan of laying hens fed practical diets varying in protein concentration[J].Poultry Science,1990,69(11):1955-965.
[33]贺强,袁超,李俊明,等.色氨酸在家禽营养中的研究进展[J].饲料工业,2014(4):7-10.
[34]于彦辉,徐桂英,徐本全.色氨酸对长白种鹅产蛋性能影响的试验研究[J].山东畜牧兽医,2011(5):3-4.
[35]张罕星,陈伟,李燕,等.蛋鸭产蛋高峰期色氨酸适宜需要量[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(4):1060-1067.
[36]贺强,丁阳,袁超,等.饲粮色氨酸水平对新阳绿壳鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(8):388-395.
[37]付胜勇,武书庚,张海军,等.饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对21~34周龄海兰灰蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(11):2601-2611.
[38]尹清强,韩友文,滕冰.鸡蛋和体组织氨基酸的含量、组成和模式的动态变化[J].吉林农业大学学报,1996,18(2):54-60.
[39]周斌.日粮色氨酸水平对蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质的影响及其机理的探讨[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010.
[40]KURTOGLU F,KURTOGLU V,NIZAMLIOGLU M.Egg and serum cholesterol concentrations and zootechnical performances of layer hens fed with various levels of niacin[J].Revue de Medecine Veterinaire,2004,155(7):393-400.