基于不同原始组织预设变形第四代单晶高温合金的再结晶行为
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摘要
第四代单晶高温合金标准热处理试样和铸态试样压痕后分别在1100,1150,1200,1250,1300℃和1340℃退火处理,采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、电子背散射仪研究不同条件的再结晶组织。结果表明:1100,1150,1200℃退火处理后,标准热处理试样和铸态试样都出现胞状再结晶。1250℃退火处理后,标准热处理试样和铸态试样都为混合再结晶。1300℃退火处理后,标准热处理试样再结晶组织全部为等轴再结晶,而铸态试样仍为混合再结晶。1340℃退火处理后,标准热处理试样和铸态试样都形成了等轴再结晶。随着退火温度升高,标准热处理试样和铸态试样的再结晶层深度明显增加,标准热处理试样再结晶深度明显大于铸态试样,相同条件下标准热处理试样的再结晶晶粒更容易长大。再结晶与基体的界面为小角度晶界、大角度晶界,而再结晶晶粒之间为小角度晶界、大角度晶界和孪晶界。孪晶在单晶高温合金再结晶的过程中发挥了重要作用。
The specimens of the fourth generation single crystal superalloy after heat treatment and at as-cast state were indented and annealed in vacuum at 1100, 1150, 1200, 1250, 1300℃ and 1340℃, respectively. The recrystallized microstructures of the alloy were examined by optical microscopy(OM), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and electron back scattering diffraction(EBSD). The results show that cellular recrystallization(CRX) occurs in the standard heat treatment samples and as-cast samples after annealing treatment at 1100, 1150℃ and 1200℃. Mixed recrystallization occurs in standard heat treatment samples and as-cast samples after annealing treatment at 1250℃. Equiaxed recrystallization(ERX) develops when the standard heat treatment samples are annealed treatment at 1300℃, while mixed recrystallization occurs in as-cast samples at same condition. ERX develops when these two samples are annealed at 1340℃. The recrystallized layer depth of these two samples increases with the increase of annealing treatment temperature and the depth of standard heat treatment samples is obviously larger than that of as-cast samples.The recrystallized grain of standard heat treatment samples easily grows up at same condition. The interface between the recrystallization grain and original grain is low angle boundary and high angle boundary, while the interface between adjacent recrystallization grains is low angle boundary, high angle boundary, and twinning boundary. It can be inferred that the formation of twins can play an important role in the process of recrystallization.
The specimens of the fourth generation single crystal superalloy after heat treatment and at as-cast state were indented and annealed in vacuum at 1100, 1150, 1200, 1250, 1300℃ and 1340℃, respectively. The recrystallized microstructures of the alloy were examined by optical microscopy(OM), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and electron back scattering diffraction(EBSD). The results show that cellular recrystallization(CRX) occurs in the standard heat treatment samples and as-cast samples after annealing treatment at 1100, 1150℃ and 1200℃. Mixed recrystallization occurs in standard heat treatment samples and as-cast samples after annealing treatment at 1250℃. Equiaxed recrystallization(ERX) develops when the standard heat treatment samples are annealed treatment at 1300℃, while mixed recrystallization occurs in as-cast samples at same condition. ERX develops when these two samples are annealed at 1340℃. The recrystallized layer depth of these two samples increases with the increase of annealing treatment temperature and the depth of standard heat treatment samples is obviously larger than that of as-cast samples.The recrystallized grain of standard heat treatment samples easily grows up at same condition. The interface between the recrystallization grain and original grain is low angle boundary and high angle boundary, while the interface between adjacent recrystallization grains is low angle boundary, high angle boundary, and twinning boundary. It can be inferred that the formation of twins can play an important role in the process of recrystallization.
引文
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[2] ZHAO Y S,LIU C G,GUO Y Y,et al.Influence of minor boron on the microstructures of a second generation Ni-based single crystal superalloy[J].Progress in Natural Science:Materials In-ternational,2018,28(4):483-488.
[3] WALSTON S,CETEL A,MACKAY R,et al.Joint develop-ment of a fourth generation single crystal superalloy[C]//GRE-EN K A,POLLOCK T M,HARADA H,et al.Superalloys 2004.Pennsylvania,PA,US:TMS,2004:15-24.
[4] RETTBERG L H,POLLOCK T M.Localized recrystallization during creep in nickel-based superalloys GTD444 and RenéN5[J].Acta Materialia,2014,73:287-297.
[5] ZHANG B,LU X,LIU D L,et al.Influence of recrystallization on high-temperature stress rupture property and fracture behavior of single crystal superalloy[J].Materials Science and Engineer-ing:A,2012,551:149-153.
[6] XIONG J C,LI J R,LIU S Z.Surface recrystallization in nickel base single crystal superalloy DD6[J].Chinese Journal of Aero-nautics,2010,23(4):478-485.
[7] LI Z L,XIONG J C,XU Q Y,et al.Deformation and recrystalli-zation of single crystal nickel-based superalloys during investment casting[J].Journal of Materials Process and Technology,2015,217:1-12.
[8] SHI Z X,LIU S Z,YUE X D,et al.Effect of cellular recrystalli-zation on the tensile properties of a nickel-based single crystal superalloy containing Re and Ru[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2017,22(10):1059-1064.
[9] 熊继春,李嘉荣,孙凤礼,等.单晶高温合金DD6再结晶组织及其对持久性能的影响[J].金属学报,2014,50(6):737-743.XIONG J C,LI J R,SUN F L,et al.Microstructure of recrys-tallization and their effects on stress rupture properties of single crystal superalloy DD6[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2014,50(6):737-743.
[10] SHI Z X,LIU S Z,WANG X G,et al.Effects of heat treat-ment on surface recrystallization and stress rupture properties of a fourth-generation single-crystal superalloy after grit blasting[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters),2017,30(7):614-620
[11] MENG J,JIN T,SUN X F,et al.Effect of surface recryst-allization on the creep rupture properties of a nickel-base single crystal superalloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2010,527(23):6119-6122.
[12] LI Z L,XU Q Y,LIU B C.Experimental investigation on re-crystallization mechanism of a Ni-base single crystal superalloy[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2016,672:457-469.
[13] LI Z L,FAN X Y,XU Q Y,et al.Influence of deformation temperature on recrystallization in a Ni-based single crystal superalloy[J].Materials Letters,2015,160:318-322.
[14] WANG L,PYCZAK F,ZHANG J,et al.Effect of eutectics on plastic deformation and subsequent recrystallization in the single crystal nickel base superalloy CMSX-4[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2012,532:487-492.
[15] WANG L,PYCZAK F,ZHANG J,et al.On the role of eutec-tics during recrystallization in a single crystal nickel-base super-alloy CMSX-4[J].International Journal of Materials Research,2009,100(8):1046-1051.
[16] MATHUR H N,PANWISAWAS C,JONES C N,et al.Nu-cleation of recrystallization in castings of single crystal Ni-based superalloys[J].Acta Materialia,2017,129:112-123.
[17] 熊继春,李嘉荣,刘世忠,等.合金状态对单晶高温合金DD6再结晶的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(7):1328-1332.XIONG J C,LI J R,LIU S Z,et al.Effects of alloy states on recrystallization of single crystal superalloy DD6[J].The Chin-ese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2010,20(7):1328-1332.
[18] 冯端.金属物理[M].北京:科学技术出版社,1998:492-493.FENG D.Metal physics[M].Beijing:Publishing Company of Science and Technology,1998:492-493.
[19] 卫平,李嘉荣,钟振纲.一种镍基单晶高温合金的表面再结晶研究[J].材料工程,2001(10):5-8.WEI P,LI J R,ZHONG Z G.Study on the surface recrystalli-zation of a Ni-based single crystal superalloy[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2001(10):5-8.
[20] JO C Y,CHO H Y,KIM H M.Effect of recrystallisation on microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of single crystal nickel base superalloy CMSX-2 part 2-creep behavior of surface recrystallised single crystal[J].Materials Science and Technology,2003,19(12):1671-1676.
[21] PORTER A,RALPH B J.The recrystallization of nickel-base superalloys[J].Journal of Materials Science,1981,16(3):707-713.
[22] BüRGEL R,PORTELLA P D,PREUHS J.Recrystallization in single crystals of nickel base superalloys[C]//POLLOCK T M,KISSINGER R D,BOWMAN R R,et al.Superalloy 2000.Warrendale,PA,US:TMS,2000:229-238.
[23] 魏文娟,唐海军,冯强.表面处理对第二代单胞状再结晶的影响[J].材料工程,2011(8):42-47.WEI W J,TANG H J,FENG Q.Effects of surface treatment on cellular recrystallization of a second generation single crystal superalloy[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2011(8):42-47.
[24] 李亚楠,何迪,李树索,等.Ni3Al基单晶合金IC6sx的表面再结晶[J].金属学报,2008,44(4):391-396.LI Y N,HE D,LI S S,et al.Surface recrystallization in a Ni3Al base single crystal alloy IC6sx[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2008,44(4):391-396.
[25] 余永宁.金属学原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2000:450-451.YU Y N.Metallurgy principle[M].Beijing:Metallurgical In-dustry Press,2000:450-451.
[26] AGHAIE-KHAFRI M,MAHMOUDI R.Optimizing homogeni-zation parameters for better stretch formability in an Al-Mn-Mg alloy sheet[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2005,399(1/2):173-180.
[27] AZARBARMAS M,AGHAIE-KHAFRI M,CABRERA J M,et al.Dynamic recrystallization mechanisms and twining evolu-tion during hot deformation of Inconel 718[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2016,678:137-152.