有机物特性对AAO系统污泥沉降性能的影响
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摘要
研究了不同进水混合型有机物组成下AAO系统中活性污泥菌群结构演替规律以及微生物胞内、胞外聚合物的变化对污泥沉降性能的影响.结果表明,当进水中有机物全部为溶解态时,污泥沉降性能最佳,污泥体积指数(sludge volume index,SVI)为70 m L·g-1,且优于进水有机物以溶解态为主(SVI=120 m L·g-1)和以颗粒态为主(SVI=280 m L·g-1)的系统.根据菌群结构分析可知Thiothrix、Chryseolinea和Trichococcus这3种菌属对污泥沉降性能的影响至关重要.其中颗粒态有机物可促进Trichococcus的生长,而溶解态有机物可促进Thiothrix和Chryseolinea的生长.此外,菌群结构的改变也对胞内及胞外聚合物的变化有重要影响,从而加剧污泥沉降性能改善或恶化的进程.较高的溶解态有机物含量可提高胞内聚合物贮存能力,并改善污泥沉降性能.同时,污泥沉降性能也与松散附着胞外聚合物(loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances,LB-EPS)中多糖、蛋白质和Zeta电位呈显著负相关关系.
The effects of different mixed organic matter ratios on sludge settleability were examined from the succession patterns of microbial community structure, and changes of microbial intracellular and extracellular polymers in the activated sludge. The experimental results showed that when organic matter was dissolved in the influent,the sludge settleability was optimal( SVI = 70 m L·g-1),which was better than that for influent water with partially dissolved organic matter( SVI = 120 m L·g-1) and particulate organic matter( SVI = 280 m L·g-1). According to the analysis of microbial community structure,Thiothrix,Chryseolinea,and Trichococcus were important in influencing the sludge settleability. Of these,particulate organic matter promoted the growth of Trichococcus,and dissolved organic matter promoted the growth of Thiothrix and Chryseolinea. In addition,changes in the bacterial community also had an important influence on the changes of intracellular and extracellular polymers,which either enhanced or impeded settleability. The higher the content of dissolved organic matter in the influent,the higher the storage of intracellular polymeric substances and,therefore,the better the sludge settleability. The sludge settleability was significantly negatively correlated with polysaccharides,proteins,and the Zeta potential in the LB-EPS.
The effects of different mixed organic matter ratios on sludge settleability were examined from the succession patterns of microbial community structure, and changes of microbial intracellular and extracellular polymers in the activated sludge. The experimental results showed that when organic matter was dissolved in the influent,the sludge settleability was optimal( SVI = 70 m L·g-1),which was better than that for influent water with partially dissolved organic matter( SVI = 120 m L·g-1) and particulate organic matter( SVI = 280 m L·g-1). According to the analysis of microbial community structure,Thiothrix,Chryseolinea,and Trichococcus were important in influencing the sludge settleability. Of these,particulate organic matter promoted the growth of Trichococcus,and dissolved organic matter promoted the growth of Thiothrix and Chryseolinea. In addition,changes in the bacterial community also had an important influence on the changes of intracellular and extracellular polymers,which either enhanced or impeded settleability. The higher the content of dissolved organic matter in the influent,the higher the storage of intracellular polymeric substances and,therefore,the better the sludge settleability. The sludge settleability was significantly negatively correlated with polysaccharides,proteins,and the Zeta potential in the LB-EPS.
引文
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[19] Sheng G P,Yu H Q,Li X Y. Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)of microbial aggregates in biological wastewater treatment systems:a review[J]. Biotechnology Advances,2010,28(6):882-894.
[20] Li H, Zhang J F, Shen L, et al. Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates by activated sludge:Correlation with extracellular polymeric substances and characteristics of activated sludge[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2019,361:219-226.
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[23] Li Y,Zhang J,Chen Q,et al. Dokdonella kunshanensis sp.nov.,isolated from activated sludge,and emended description of the genus Dokdonella[J]. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology,2013,63:1519-1523.
[24] Zhang T,Shao M F,Ye L. 454 pyrosequencing reveals bacterial diversity of activated sludge from 14 sewage treatment plants[J].The ISME Journal,2012,6(6):1137-1147.
[25] Kim B C,Kim S,Shin T,et al. Comparison of the bacterial communities in anaerobic,anoxic,and oxic chambers of a pilot A2O process using pyrosequencing analysis[J]. Current Microbiology,2013,66(6):555-565.
[26] Liu T,Mao Y J,Shi Y P, et al. Start-up and bacterial community compositions of partial nitrification in moving bed biofilm reactor[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2017,101(6):2563-2574.
[27] An W X,Guo F,Song Y L,et al. Comparative genomics analyses on EPS biosynthesis genes required for floc formation of Zoogloea resiniphila and other activated sludge bacteria[J].Water Research,2016,102:494-504.
[28] Chen Z R, Lei X Q, Lai Q L, et al. Phaeodactylibacter xiamenensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Saprospiraceae isolated from the marine alga Phaeodactylum tricornutum[J]. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology,2014,64:3496-3502.
[29] Van den Eynde E,Geerts J,Maes B,et al. Influence of the feeding pattern on the glucose metabolism of Arthrobacter sp. and Sphaerotilus natans,growing in chemostat culture, simulating activated sludge bulking[J]. European Journal of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,1983,17(1):35-43.
[30]杨雄,彭永臻,宋姬晨,等.进水中碳水化合物分子大小对污泥沉降性能的影响[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(2):448-456.Yang X, Peng Y Z, Song J C, et al. Effect of influent carbohydrates with different molecule-size on sludge settleability[J]. China Environmental Science,2015,35(2):448-456.
[31] Chudoba J, Grau P, OttováV. Control of activated-sludge filamentous bulking-II. Selection of microorganisms by means of a selector[J]. Water Research,1973,7(10):1389-1398,IN1-IN2,1399-1406.
[32] Wang B B,Zhang L,Peng D C,et al. Extended filaments of bulking sludge sink in the floc layer with particulate substrate[J]. Chemosphere,2013,93(11):2725-2731.
[33] Xie B,Dai X C,Xu Y T. Cause and pre-alarm control of bulking and foaming by Microthrix parvicella—a case study in triple oxidation ditch at a wastewater treatment plant[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2007,143(1-2):184-191.
[34]马智博,李志华,杨成建,等.低氧污泥丝状菌膨胀的呼吸图谱特征分析[J].环境科学,2017,38(9):3801-3806.Ma Z B,Li Z H,Yang C J,et al. Analysis of respirogram characteristics of filamentous bulking caused by low dissolved oxygen[J]. Environmental Science,2017,38(9):3801-3806.
[35]彭赵旭,彭志远,田林青,等.有机负荷冲击对缺氧-好氧活性污泥系统的影响[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,33(4):411-414,431.Peng Z X,Peng Z Y,Tian L Q,et al. Effect of impulse organic loading rate on anoxic-oxic operated activated sludge system[J].Journal of Harbin University of Commerce(Natural Sciences Edition),2017,33(4):411-414,431.
[2] Mielczarek A T,Kragelund C,Eriksen P S,et al. Population dynamics of filamentous bacteria in Danish wastewater treatment plants with nutrient removal[J]. Water Research,2012,46(12):3781-3795.
[3] Fan N S, Wang R F, Qi R, et al. Control strategy for filamentous sludge bulking:Bench-scale test and full-scale application[J]. Chemosphere,2018,210:709-716.
[4] Guo J H,Peng Y Z,Wang S Y,et al. Filamentous and nonfilamentous bulking of activated sludge encountered under nutrients limitation or deficiency conditions[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2014,255:453-461.
[5] Chen X,Yuan L J,Lv J H,et al. Influence of anoxic to aerobic volume ratio on sludge settleability and bacterial community structure in a denitrifying-nitrifying activated sludge system[J].Desalination and Water Treatment,2015,56(7):1863-1876.
[6] Chen X,Yuan L J,Lv J H,et al. Influence of temperature on sludge settleability and bacterial community structure in enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems[J]. Desalination and Water Treatment,2016,57(21):9900-9913.
[7] Gulez G,De Los Reyes III F L. Multiple approaches to assess filamentous bacterial growth in activated sludge under different carbon source conditions[J]. Journal of Applied Microbiology,2009,106(2):682-691.
[8]温丹丹,袁林江,陈希,等. 3种不同工艺切换下活性污泥菌群结构及代谢产物对污泥沉降性能的影响[J].环境科学,2018,10(39):4644-4652.Wen D D, Yuan L J, Chen X, et al. Effect of microbial community structure and metabolites on sludge settling ability under three different switching condition processes[J].Environmental Science,2018,10(39):4644-4652.
[9]杨雄,霍明昕,王淑莹,等.碳源类型对污泥沉降性能及丝状菌生长的影响[J].化工学报,2011,62(12):3471-3477.Yang X,Huo M X,Wang S Y,et al. Effects of carbon sources on sludge settling and filamentous bacteria growth[J]. CIESC Journal,2011,62(12):3471-3477.
[10] Martins A M P,Karahan,Van Loosdrecht M C M. Effect of polymeric substrate on sludge settleability[J]. Water Research,2011,45(1):263-273.
[11] Casey T G,Wentzel M C,Ekama G A. Filamentous organism bulking in nutrient removal activated sludge systems. Paper 11:A biochemical/microbiological model for proliferation of anoxicaerobic(AA)filamentous organisms[J]. Water SA,1999,25(4):443-451.
[12] Wang P,Yu Z S,Qi R,et al. Detailed comparison of bacterial communities during seasonal sludge bulking in a municipal wastewater treatment plant[J]. Water Research,2016,105:157-166.
[13]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].(第四版).北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002. 105-107.
[14] Jenkins D,Richard M G,Daigger G T. Manual on the causes and control of activated sludge bulking,Foaming and other solids separation problems(3rd ed.)[M]. Boca Raton:CRC Press,2004. 40-42.
[15] Kulakova A N, Hobbs D, Smithen M, et al. Direct quantification of inorganic polyphosphate in microbial cells using4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI)[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2011,45(18):7799-7803.
[16] Fauzi A H M,Chua A S M,Yoon L W,et al. Enrichment of PHA-accumulators for sustainable PHA production from crude glycerol[J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection,2019,122:200-208.
[17]彭永臻,郭建华.活性污泥膨胀机理、成因及控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2012. 1-38.
[18] Ding Z J,Bourven I,Guibaud G,et al. Role of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)production in bioaggregation:application to wastewater treatment[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2015,99(23):9883-9905.
[19] Sheng G P,Yu H Q,Li X Y. Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)of microbial aggregates in biological wastewater treatment systems:a review[J]. Biotechnology Advances,2010,28(6):882-894.
[20] Li H, Zhang J F, Shen L, et al. Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates by activated sludge:Correlation with extracellular polymeric substances and characteristics of activated sludge[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2019,361:219-226.
[21] Grasso D,Subramaniam K,Butkus M,et al. A review of nonDLVO interactions in environmental colloidal systems[J].Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology,2002,1(1):17-38.
[22] Xu J,He J G,Wang M F,et al. Cultivation and stable operation of aerobic granular sludge at low temperature by sieving out the batt-like sludge[J]. Chemosphere,2018,211:1219-1227.
[23] Li Y,Zhang J,Chen Q,et al. Dokdonella kunshanensis sp.nov.,isolated from activated sludge,and emended description of the genus Dokdonella[J]. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology,2013,63:1519-1523.
[24] Zhang T,Shao M F,Ye L. 454 pyrosequencing reveals bacterial diversity of activated sludge from 14 sewage treatment plants[J].The ISME Journal,2012,6(6):1137-1147.
[25] Kim B C,Kim S,Shin T,et al. Comparison of the bacterial communities in anaerobic,anoxic,and oxic chambers of a pilot A2O process using pyrosequencing analysis[J]. Current Microbiology,2013,66(6):555-565.
[26] Liu T,Mao Y J,Shi Y P, et al. Start-up and bacterial community compositions of partial nitrification in moving bed biofilm reactor[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2017,101(6):2563-2574.
[27] An W X,Guo F,Song Y L,et al. Comparative genomics analyses on EPS biosynthesis genes required for floc formation of Zoogloea resiniphila and other activated sludge bacteria[J].Water Research,2016,102:494-504.
[28] Chen Z R, Lei X Q, Lai Q L, et al. Phaeodactylibacter xiamenensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Saprospiraceae isolated from the marine alga Phaeodactylum tricornutum[J]. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology,2014,64:3496-3502.
[29] Van den Eynde E,Geerts J,Maes B,et al. Influence of the feeding pattern on the glucose metabolism of Arthrobacter sp. and Sphaerotilus natans,growing in chemostat culture, simulating activated sludge bulking[J]. European Journal of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,1983,17(1):35-43.
[30]杨雄,彭永臻,宋姬晨,等.进水中碳水化合物分子大小对污泥沉降性能的影响[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(2):448-456.Yang X, Peng Y Z, Song J C, et al. Effect of influent carbohydrates with different molecule-size on sludge settleability[J]. China Environmental Science,2015,35(2):448-456.
[31] Chudoba J, Grau P, OttováV. Control of activated-sludge filamentous bulking-II. Selection of microorganisms by means of a selector[J]. Water Research,1973,7(10):1389-1398,IN1-IN2,1399-1406.
[32] Wang B B,Zhang L,Peng D C,et al. Extended filaments of bulking sludge sink in the floc layer with particulate substrate[J]. Chemosphere,2013,93(11):2725-2731.
[33] Xie B,Dai X C,Xu Y T. Cause and pre-alarm control of bulking and foaming by Microthrix parvicella—a case study in triple oxidation ditch at a wastewater treatment plant[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2007,143(1-2):184-191.
[34]马智博,李志华,杨成建,等.低氧污泥丝状菌膨胀的呼吸图谱特征分析[J].环境科学,2017,38(9):3801-3806.Ma Z B,Li Z H,Yang C J,et al. Analysis of respirogram characteristics of filamentous bulking caused by low dissolved oxygen[J]. Environmental Science,2017,38(9):3801-3806.
[35]彭赵旭,彭志远,田林青,等.有机负荷冲击对缺氧-好氧活性污泥系统的影响[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,33(4):411-414,431.Peng Z X,Peng Z Y,Tian L Q,et al. Effect of impulse organic loading rate on anoxic-oxic operated activated sludge system[J].Journal of Harbin University of Commerce(Natural Sciences Edition),2017,33(4):411-414,431.