长白山钙果蛀果害虫发生规律及药剂防治
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摘要
为探明长白山钙果蛀果害虫的主要种类和在本地区的发生规律,于花后一周开始悬挂诱捕器诱捕成虫,当诱到第一只成虫时地上部喷施药剂,以后每隔20 d喷施一次药剂,直到果实成熟前1个月为止,试验结果表明:梨小、李小是危害长白山钙果的两种主要蛀果害虫。梨小食心虫有3次羽化高峰,其中以第一、三羽化高峰期较长,第二个高峰期峰值较高但持续时间较短;李小食心虫第一、三两个羽化高峰期峰值较高,持续时间较短,第二个高峰期峰值较低,但持续时间较长。药剂防治以地上部喷施2.5%氯氟氰菊酯乳油3000倍液、20%氰戊菊酯乳油2000倍液防治效果最佳;同期喷施40%氧化乐果乳油1000倍液效果次之。
In order to find out the main types and occurrence bore fruit pests of Prunus humilis Bunge in local region, traps to lure adult insects were hanged one week after flowering. Pesticides were sprayed above ground when the first adult insect trapped, and then spraying was applied in interval of 20 days until one month before the fruit ripening. The results showed that Grapholitha molesta and Grapholitha funebrana were two main fruit borers on Prunus humilis Bunge. Grapholitha molesta had three eclosion peaks, in which the first and the third peak lasted for a long time, and the second peak was higher but shorter duration. The first and the third eclosion peak of Grapholitha funebrana were higher but shorter duration, and the second peak was lower but longer duration. The prevention effects of spraying 3000 times of 2.5% Cyhalothrin EC or 2000 times of 20% Fenvalerate EC were the best, and spraying 1000 times of 40% Omethoate EC was the second.
In order to find out the main types and occurrence bore fruit pests of Prunus humilis Bunge in local region, traps to lure adult insects were hanged one week after flowering. Pesticides were sprayed above ground when the first adult insect trapped, and then spraying was applied in interval of 20 days until one month before the fruit ripening. The results showed that Grapholitha molesta and Grapholitha funebrana were two main fruit borers on Prunus humilis Bunge. Grapholitha molesta had three eclosion peaks, in which the first and the third peak lasted for a long time, and the second peak was higher but shorter duration. The first and the third eclosion peak of Grapholitha funebrana were higher but shorter duration, and the second peak was lower but longer duration. The prevention effects of spraying 3000 times of 2.5% Cyhalothrin EC or 2000 times of 20% Fenvalerate EC were the best, and spraying 1000 times of 40% Omethoate EC was the second.
引文
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[2]闫德仁,刘清泉,刘周.优良的经济灌木-钙果[J].内蒙古林业,2002(9):26.
[3]张美莉,邓秋才,杨海霞,等.内蒙古钙果果肉和果仁中营养成分分析[J].氨基酸和生物资源,2007,29(4):18-20.
[4]马建军,张立彬,于凤鸣,等.野生钙果果实中不同形态钙的含量及分布[J].园艺学报,2007,34(3):755-759.
[5]杜俊杰,杨怀义,曹琴,等.欧李生物学特性的研究[J].山西农业大学学报,1992,12(4):311-314.
[6]刘显臣.钙果桃瘤蚜种群消长动态及药剂防治效果[J].贵州农业科学,2010,38(2):94-95.