大倾角大采高综采工作面支架受载与失稳特征分析
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摘要
对支架的稳定性控制是大倾角大采高煤层安全、高效开采亟待解决的关键问题之一,以2130煤矿25221大倾角大采高综采工作面为研究背景,基于现场监测对覆岩破断运移规律和支架受载特征分析的基础上,通过理论分析系统研究了采高和工作面顶板运移对支架受载与失稳特征的影响。结果表明,在大倾角大采高煤层开采中,受采高增大影响,顶板运移的幅度和剧烈程度及支架工作阻力均较一般采高大倾角煤层开采时明显增大,架间推压、咬挤现象明显;当工作面顶底板岩层稳定时,使支架保持不转动和下滑的临界工作阻力均不超过支架自重的2倍;但受工作面顶板运移影响,支架亦会随着顶板的运动而运动,且其不会随着支架工作阻力的增大而消失;支架转动下滑的幅度和失稳概率随着支架工作阻力的减小、顶板与支架间摩擦力绝对值的增大、顶板载荷偏载程度的增大及采高的增大而增大,且其转动失稳的概率大于下滑失稳的概率。
The stability control of support is a technical problem to be solved urgently in steeply dipping thick seam mining.Based on the geological conditions and characteristics of strata behaviors of No. 25221 working face in 2130 Coal Mine,China,the overburden migration law and load characteristics of support is analyzed with field monitoring,and the theoretical analysis is used to research the influence of mining height and roof movement on the load and instability of supports.Results show that the movement amplitude and intensity of the roof and working resistance of support are higher than those of normal mining height face in steeply dipping seam,which is due to mining height increase.When the roof and floor of working face is stable,the critical working resistance of support is less than two times the weight of support.However,with the influence of roof movement,the support will also move with the movement of theroof,which would not disappear with the increase of the working resistance of support.The movement amplitude and instability probability of the support are increased with the decrease of the working resistance of support and the increase of the friction between the roof and the support,the partial loading degree of roof load and mining height.In addition,the probability of rotation instability in large mining height fully-mechanized face in steeply dipping seam is greater than that of falling instability,and this phenomenon will be obvious with the increase of mining height.
The stability control of support is a technical problem to be solved urgently in steeply dipping thick seam mining.Based on the geological conditions and characteristics of strata behaviors of No. 25221 working face in 2130 Coal Mine,China,the overburden migration law and load characteristics of support is analyzed with field monitoring,and the theoretical analysis is used to research the influence of mining height and roof movement on the load and instability of supports.Results show that the movement amplitude and intensity of the roof and working resistance of support are higher than those of normal mining height face in steeply dipping seam,which is due to mining height increase.When the roof and floor of working face is stable,the critical working resistance of support is less than two times the weight of support.However,with the influence of roof movement,the support will also move with the movement of theroof,which would not disappear with the increase of the working resistance of support.The movement amplitude and instability probability of the support are increased with the decrease of the working resistance of support and the increase of the friction between the roof and the support,the partial loading degree of roof load and mining height.In addition,the probability of rotation instability in large mining height fully-mechanized face in steeply dipping seam is greater than that of falling instability,and this phenomenon will be obvious with the increase of mining height.
引文
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[14]伍永平,解盘石,王红伟,等.大倾角煤层开采覆岩空间倾斜砌体结构[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(8):1252-1256.WU Yongping,XIE Panshi,WANG Hongwei,et al.Incline masonry structure around the coal face of steeply dipping seam mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(8):1252-1256.
[15]伍永平.大倾角煤层开采“顶板-支护-底板”系统的动力学方程[J].煤炭学报,2004,30(5):685-689.WU Yongping.Dynamic equation of system“Roof(R)-Support(S)-Floor(F)”in steeply dipping seam mining[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2004,30(5):685-689.
[16]龙驭球.弹性基地梁的计算[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1981.
[2]王金华.我国大采高综采技术与装备的现状及发展趋势[J].煤炭科学技术,2006,34(1):4-7.WANG Jinhua. Present status and development tendency of fully mechanized coal mining technology and equipment with high cutting height in China[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2006,34(1):4-7.
[3]解盘石,伍永平,张浩,等.倾角煤层长壁大采高综采支架动态载荷特征分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(4):101-105.XIE Panshi,WU Yongping,ZHANG Hao,et al. Changeful load feature analysis of support in longwall and large mining height fully-mechanized face if steeply dipping seam[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(4):101-105.
[4]章之燕.大倾角综放液压支架稳定性动态分析和防倒防滑措施[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(7):705-709.ZHANG Zhiyan. Dynamic analysis on stability of hydraulic powered support in deep inclined fully mechanized wall and prevention slips measures[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(7):705-709.
[5]伍永平,郎丁,解盘石.大倾角松软煤层综放工作面支架倾倒机理研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(1):73-78.WU Yongping,LANG Ding,XIE Panshi.Study on tipping mechanism of hydraulic powered support applied in fully mechanized top coal caving mining face with high inclined soft seam[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(1):73-78.
[6]王家臣,魏炜杰,张锦旺,等.急倾斜厚煤层走向长壁综放开采支架稳定性分析[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(11):2783-2791.WANG Jiachen,WEI Weijie,ZHANG Jinwang,et al.Stability analysis of support around the longwall top-coal caving mining in steeply thick coal seam[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(11):2783-2791.
[7] WANG Jinan,JIAO Junling.Criteria of support stability in mining of steeply inclined thick coal seam[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2016,82(2):22-35.
[8]贠东风,刘柱,程文东,等.大倾角厚煤层综放支架侧护板载荷监测研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(9):145-149.YUN Dongfeng,LIU Zhu,CHENG Wendong,et al. Study on loading monitoring of side guard plate powered support of fully-mechanized top coal caving mining in high inclined thick seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(9):145-149.
[9]解盘石,伍永平,王红伟,等.大倾角煤层长壁采场倾斜砌体结构与支架稳定性分析[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(8):1275-1280.XIE Panshi,WU Yongping,WANG Hongwei,et al. Stability analysis of incline masonry structure and support around longwall mining face area in steeply dipping seam[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(8):1275-1280.
[10]伍永平,贠东风,解盘石,等.大倾角煤层长壁综采理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2017.
[11] WU Yongping,XIE Panshi,YUN Dongfeng,et al.Theory and practice of fully mechanized longwall mining in steeply dipping coal seams[J].Mining Engineering,2013,65(1):35-41.
[12]伍永平,李方立,解盘石,等.大倾角煤层走向长臂大采高开采研究报告[R].西安:西安科技大学,2013.WU Yongping,LI Fangli,XIE Panshi,et al. Research report on large mining height fully-mechanized face in steeply inclined seam[R].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2013.
[13]解盘石,伍永平,王红伟,等.大倾角煤层大采高综采围岩运移与支架相互作用规律[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(1):14-19.XIE Panshi,WU Yongping,WANG Hongwei,et al.Interaction characteristics between strata movement and support system around large mining height fully-mechanized face in steeply inclined seam[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015,32(1):14-19.
[14]伍永平,解盘石,王红伟,等.大倾角煤层开采覆岩空间倾斜砌体结构[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(8):1252-1256.WU Yongping,XIE Panshi,WANG Hongwei,et al.Incline masonry structure around the coal face of steeply dipping seam mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(8):1252-1256.
[15]伍永平.大倾角煤层开采“顶板-支护-底板”系统的动力学方程[J].煤炭学报,2004,30(5):685-689.WU Yongping.Dynamic equation of system“Roof(R)-Support(S)-Floor(F)”in steeply dipping seam mining[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2004,30(5):685-689.
[16]龙驭球.弹性基地梁的计算[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1981.