基于沉积成岩-储集相分析确定文昌9区低渗储层“甜点”分布
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摘要
文昌9区位于珠江口盆地文昌A凹陷六号断裂—珠三南断裂带之间。古近系珠海组是主要储集层系,埋深基本大于3km,为扇三角洲前缘-潮坪相沉积储层,储层物性以低渗特征为主,局部发育中渗。为扩大勘探油气储量和后期合理有效开发,"甜点"储层寻找至关重要,笔者通过常规物性、测井解释、岩石薄片分析、二维核磁共振等,认识成岩相展布与储集层厚度、物性分布,综合沉积作用、成岩作用等,精细剖析珠海组低渗成因及储集厚度与物性差异发育的主控因素。研究表明:珠海组低渗特征形成的主要原因是压实作用,水下分流河道、潮道和砂坪微相为最有利储集相带,其次为混合坪,二者均可能形成"甜点"储层;压实程度偏弱、粒度较粗、溶蚀较强或绿泥石包壳发育区为潜在的"甜点"储层发育区,可确定六号断裂—珠三南断裂带之间发育"甜点"储层;六号断裂带相近埋深,六号断裂带附近区域较远离区域更有利于"甜点"储层发育。
Zhuhai Formation is the major reservoir in,Wenchang 9area between the No.6Fault and the South Fault of Wenchang A depression,which deeply buried over 3km.It is the rontal subfacies of fan delta.The reservoir properties are low permeability mainly.In order to expanding the prospecting for oil and gas reserves and later the reasonable and effective development,diagenetic facies and the distribution of reservoir thickness and physical properties are recognized by normal physicalcharacteristics,logging interpretatio,analysis of rock thin and two dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance.The reasons of low permeability formation and factors of reservoir thickness and physics quality are analysed finly from sedimentary facies and diagenesis.It is determined that compaction is the main reseron to low permeability.The most favorable Sedimentary facies are underwater distributary channel,tidal channel,sand flat,the second is the mixed flat.All of them can form "sweet spots"reservoir.Less compaction,coarse grain size,the dissolution stronger intensity or chlorite graincoatings are the areas of"sweet spots"reservoir.The area between the fault zone 6to the South fault zone of weaker compaction is"sweet spots"reservoir zone.The zones near the fault are more favorable to sweet spots than the zones further away from the sixth fault with similar depth.
Zhuhai Formation is the major reservoir in,Wenchang 9area between the No.6Fault and the South Fault of Wenchang A depression,which deeply buried over 3km.It is the rontal subfacies of fan delta.The reservoir properties are low permeability mainly.In order to expanding the prospecting for oil and gas reserves and later the reasonable and effective development,diagenetic facies and the distribution of reservoir thickness and physical properties are recognized by normal physicalcharacteristics,logging interpretatio,analysis of rock thin and two dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance.The reasons of low permeability formation and factors of reservoir thickness and physics quality are analysed finly from sedimentary facies and diagenesis.It is determined that compaction is the main reseron to low permeability.The most favorable Sedimentary facies are underwater distributary channel,tidal channel,sand flat,the second is the mixed flat.All of them can form "sweet spots"reservoir.Less compaction,coarse grain size,the dissolution stronger intensity or chlorite graincoatings are the areas of"sweet spots"reservoir.The area between the fault zone 6to the South fault zone of weaker compaction is"sweet spots"reservoir zone.The zones near the fault are more favorable to sweet spots than the zones further away from the sixth fault with similar depth.
引文
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[7]傅强,夏庆龙,周心怀,等.渤中凹陷古近系沙河街组相对高孔渗储层成因分析:以QHD35-2-1井为例[J].中国海上油气,2010,22(4):221-224.Fu Qiang,Xia Qinglong,Zhou Xinhuai,et al.A Genetic Analysis of the Reservoir with Relatively Higher Porosity and Permeability in Paleogene Shahejie Formation,Bozhong Sag:A Case of Well QHD 35-2-1[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2010,22(4):221-224.
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[11]孙海涛,钟大康,张湘宁,等.鄂尔多斯盆地长北气田山西组二段低孔低渗储层特征及形成机理[J].沉积学报,2011,29(4):724-733.Sun Haitao,Zhong Dakang,Zhang Xiangning,et al.Characteristics and Mechanism of Permian Shanxi Tight Reservoir of Changbei Gas Field,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2011,29(4):724-733.
[12]廖曦,何绪全,沈浩,等.四川盆地典型构造低渗气藏储层裂缝分布及预测[J].天然气工业,2002,22(增刊):45-50.Liao Xi,He Xuquan,Shen Hao,et al.Fracture Distribution and Prediction of Low Permeability Gas Reservoirs in some Typical Structures in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2002,22(Sup.):45-50.
[13]肖芝华,钟宁宁,赵占银,等.低渗透油藏“甜点”成藏模式及主控因素分析:以松辽盆地南部扶杨油层为例[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(4):53-58.Xiao Zhihua,Zhong Ningning,Zhao Zhanyin,et al.Accumulation Patterns and Controlling Factors of“Sweet Point”in Low Permeability Reservoir:A Case Study from Fuyang Reservoir in Southern Songliao Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2008,20(4):53-58.
[14]杨升宇,张金川,黄卫东,等.吐哈盆地柯柯亚地区致密砂岩气储层“甜点”类型及成因[J].石油学报,2013,34(2):272-282.Yang Shengyu,Zhang Jinchuan,Huang Weidong,et al.“Sweet Spot”Types of Reservoirs and Genesis of Tight Sandstone Gas in Kekeya Area,Turpan-Hami Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(2):272-282.
[15]宋子齐,唐长久,刘小娟,等.利用岩石物理相“甜点”筛选特低渗透储层含油有利区[J].石油学报,2008,29(5):711-716.Song Ziqi,Tang Changjiu,Liu Xiaojuan,et al.Determination of Favorable Oil-Bearing Areas with Extra Low-Permeability Reservoir by“Dessert”of Petro-Physical Facie[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(5):711-716.
[16]曾大乾,李淑贞.中国低渗透砂岩储层类型及地质特征[J].石油学报,1994,15(1):38-46.Zeng Daqian,Li Shuzhen.Types and Characteristics of Low Permeability Sandstone Reservoirs in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1994,15(1):38-46.
[17]蒋凌志,顾家裕,郭彬程.中国含油气盆地碎屑岩低渗透储层的特征及形成机理[J].沉积学报,2004,22(1):13-18.Jiang Lingzhi,Gu Jiayu,Guo Bincheng.Characteristics and Mechanism of Low Permeability Clastic Reservoir in Chinese Petroliferous Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica.,2004,22(1):13-18.
[18]李珊珊,尤丽,魏长飞,等.珠江口盆地西部古近系与新近系储层沉积相研究新进展[R].湛江:中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司,2012.Li Shanshan,You Li,Wei Changfei,et al.New Progress of Reservoir Sedimentary Facies from Paleogene System and Neogene System in the Western Pearl River Mouth basin[R].Zhanjiang:China National Offshore Oil Limited CorporationZhanjiang,2012.
[19]Bloch S,Robert H L,Bonnell L.Anomalously High Porosity and Permeability in Deeply Buried Sandstone Reservoirs:Origin and Predictability[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(2):301-328.
[20]Surdam R C,Crossey L J,Hagen E S,et al.OrganicInorganic Interaction and Sandstone Diagenesis[J].AAPG Bulletin,1989,73(1):1-23.
[21]周东升,刘光祥,叶军,等.深部砂岩异常孔隙的保存机制研究[J].石油实验地质,2004,26(1):40-46.Zhou Dongsheng,Liu Guangxiang,Ye Jun,et al.Study on the Mechanisme for Preseserving Anomalously High Porosity in Deep Buried Sandstone Reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology&Expeximent,2004,26(1):40-46.
[22]Storvoll V,Bjrlykke K,Karlsen D,et al.Porosity Preservation in Reservoir Sandstones due to GrainCoating Illite:A Study of the Jurassic Garn Formation from the Kristin and Lavrans Fields,Offshore Mid-Norway[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2002,19:767-781.
[2]甘军,张迎朝,邓勇,等.珠江口盆地西部文昌A凹陷古近系天然气富集主控因素与勘探方向[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(6):367-371.Gan Jun,Zhang Yingzhao,Deng Yong,et al.Main Controls over Palaeogene Natural Gas Accumulation and Its Exploration Direction in Wenchang A Sag,the Western Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2009,21(6):367-371.
[3]尤丽.珠江口盆地西部文昌凹陷古近系储层特征及有利储层分布[R].湛江:中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司,2010.You Li.Reservoir Characters and Distribution of Favorable Reservoir of Wenchang Sag in the Western Pearl River Mouth Basin[R].Zhanjiang:China National Offshore Oil Limited Corporation-Zhanjiang,2010.
[4]尤丽,李才,刘景环.文昌A凹陷珠海组储层区域成岩作用特征及定量评价[J].大庆石油学院学报,2012,36(2):7-13.You Li,Li Cai,Liu Jinghuan.Regional Diagenesis Feature and Quantitative Evaluation from Zhuhai Formation Reservoir in Wenchang A Sag[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2012,36(2):7-13.
[5]尤丽,李才,张迎朝,等.文昌A凹陷珠海组储层碳酸盐胶结物分布规律及成因机制[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(6):883-889.You Li,Li Cai,Zhang Yingzhao,et al.Distribution and Genetic Mechanism of Carbonate Cements in Zhuhai Formation Reservoir in Wenchang-A Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2012,33(6):883-889.
[6]王新明,郭彦如,付金华,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长8段相对高孔渗砂岩储集层的控制因素分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(2):35-38.Wang Xinming,Guo Yanru,Fu Jinhua,et al.Control Factors for Forming Higher Porosity and Permeability Sandstone Reservoirs in Chang 8Member of Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(2):35-38.
[7]傅强,夏庆龙,周心怀,等.渤中凹陷古近系沙河街组相对高孔渗储层成因分析:以QHD35-2-1井为例[J].中国海上油气,2010,22(4):221-224.Fu Qiang,Xia Qinglong,Zhou Xinhuai,et al.A Genetic Analysis of the Reservoir with Relatively Higher Porosity and Permeability in Paleogene Shahejie Formation,Bozhong Sag:A Case of Well QHD 35-2-1[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2010,22(4):221-224.
[8]兰朝利,何顺利,张君峰,等.苏里格气田储层“甜点”控制因素探讨[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,22(1):45-48.Lan Chaoli,He Shunli,Zhang Junfeng,et al.Discussion on the Factors of Controlling the Distribution of the Reservoir“Sweet Spots”of Sulige Gasfield[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,2007,22(1):45-48.
[9]杨晓萍,赵文智,邹才能,等.川中气田与苏里格气田“甜点”储层对比研究[J].天然气工业,2007,27(1):4-7.Yang Xiaoping,Zhao Wenzhi,Zou Caineng,et al.Comparison of Formation Canditions of“Sweet Point”Reservoirs in Sulige Gas Field and Xiangxi Group Gas Field in the Gentral Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(1):4-7.
[10]王宏博,李湘博,廖建波.鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长6油层组超低渗砂体成因分析[J].岩性油气藏,2012,24(5):61-64.Wang Hongbo,Li Xiangbo,Liao Jianbo.Origin of Super-Low Permeability Sand Bodies of Chang 6Oil Reservoir Set in Huaqing Area,Ordos Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2012,24(5):61-64.
[11]孙海涛,钟大康,张湘宁,等.鄂尔多斯盆地长北气田山西组二段低孔低渗储层特征及形成机理[J].沉积学报,2011,29(4):724-733.Sun Haitao,Zhong Dakang,Zhang Xiangning,et al.Characteristics and Mechanism of Permian Shanxi Tight Reservoir of Changbei Gas Field,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2011,29(4):724-733.
[12]廖曦,何绪全,沈浩,等.四川盆地典型构造低渗气藏储层裂缝分布及预测[J].天然气工业,2002,22(增刊):45-50.Liao Xi,He Xuquan,Shen Hao,et al.Fracture Distribution and Prediction of Low Permeability Gas Reservoirs in some Typical Structures in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2002,22(Sup.):45-50.
[13]肖芝华,钟宁宁,赵占银,等.低渗透油藏“甜点”成藏模式及主控因素分析:以松辽盆地南部扶杨油层为例[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(4):53-58.Xiao Zhihua,Zhong Ningning,Zhao Zhanyin,et al.Accumulation Patterns and Controlling Factors of“Sweet Point”in Low Permeability Reservoir:A Case Study from Fuyang Reservoir in Southern Songliao Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2008,20(4):53-58.
[14]杨升宇,张金川,黄卫东,等.吐哈盆地柯柯亚地区致密砂岩气储层“甜点”类型及成因[J].石油学报,2013,34(2):272-282.Yang Shengyu,Zhang Jinchuan,Huang Weidong,et al.“Sweet Spot”Types of Reservoirs and Genesis of Tight Sandstone Gas in Kekeya Area,Turpan-Hami Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(2):272-282.
[15]宋子齐,唐长久,刘小娟,等.利用岩石物理相“甜点”筛选特低渗透储层含油有利区[J].石油学报,2008,29(5):711-716.Song Ziqi,Tang Changjiu,Liu Xiaojuan,et al.Determination of Favorable Oil-Bearing Areas with Extra Low-Permeability Reservoir by“Dessert”of Petro-Physical Facie[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(5):711-716.
[16]曾大乾,李淑贞.中国低渗透砂岩储层类型及地质特征[J].石油学报,1994,15(1):38-46.Zeng Daqian,Li Shuzhen.Types and Characteristics of Low Permeability Sandstone Reservoirs in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1994,15(1):38-46.
[17]蒋凌志,顾家裕,郭彬程.中国含油气盆地碎屑岩低渗透储层的特征及形成机理[J].沉积学报,2004,22(1):13-18.Jiang Lingzhi,Gu Jiayu,Guo Bincheng.Characteristics and Mechanism of Low Permeability Clastic Reservoir in Chinese Petroliferous Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica.,2004,22(1):13-18.
[18]李珊珊,尤丽,魏长飞,等.珠江口盆地西部古近系与新近系储层沉积相研究新进展[R].湛江:中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司,2012.Li Shanshan,You Li,Wei Changfei,et al.New Progress of Reservoir Sedimentary Facies from Paleogene System and Neogene System in the Western Pearl River Mouth basin[R].Zhanjiang:China National Offshore Oil Limited CorporationZhanjiang,2012.
[19]Bloch S,Robert H L,Bonnell L.Anomalously High Porosity and Permeability in Deeply Buried Sandstone Reservoirs:Origin and Predictability[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(2):301-328.
[20]Surdam R C,Crossey L J,Hagen E S,et al.OrganicInorganic Interaction and Sandstone Diagenesis[J].AAPG Bulletin,1989,73(1):1-23.
[21]周东升,刘光祥,叶军,等.深部砂岩异常孔隙的保存机制研究[J].石油实验地质,2004,26(1):40-46.Zhou Dongsheng,Liu Guangxiang,Ye Jun,et al.Study on the Mechanisme for Preseserving Anomalously High Porosity in Deep Buried Sandstone Reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology&Expeximent,2004,26(1):40-46.
[22]Storvoll V,Bjrlykke K,Karlsen D,et al.Porosity Preservation in Reservoir Sandstones due to GrainCoating Illite:A Study of the Jurassic Garn Formation from the Kristin and Lavrans Fields,Offshore Mid-Norway[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2002,19:767-781.