四川瓦基铜矿工艺矿物学与可浮性实验
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摘要
为了查明四川瓦基铜矿矿石性质,制定合理选冶方案。采用X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、化学分析、X射线衍射分析仪(XRD)和光学显微镜等现代分析测试技术研究矿石元素质量分数、矿物组成、主要矿物嵌布特征及嵌布粒度等。结果表明,矿石中主要有价元素为铜,品位为0.84%,伴生元素金品位为0.29×10~(-6)、银品位为7.93×10~(-6),主要金属矿物为黄铁矿和辉铜矿,次要金属矿物有黄铜矿、斑铜矿、蓝辉铜矿、孔雀石、铜蓝和赤铁矿等,属氧化率较低的混合铜矿。脉石矿物主要为石英、白云石、长石和方解石等,含铜矿物嵌布粒度细,大部分嵌布在脉石矿物孔隙处、边缘及表面,呈隐晶质集合体形态。针对矿石性质,采用硫化浮选,经过"一粗一精三扫"闭路流程选别,获得铜精矿产率3.34%、铜品位为21.61%、回收率为85.93%的结果,与现场生产指标相比,铜回收率提高了5.49%。
The elemental content, mineral constituent, occurrence mode and grain size of the embedded main minerals have been investigated by using modern analytical techniques including X-ray fluorescence spectrometer(XRF), chemical analysis, x-ray diffractometer(XRD), and optical microscope, etc. to identify properties of ores of the Waji copper deposit in Sichuan Province in order to formulate reasonable plans for beneficiation and metallurgy processes. The results show that the ores contain main valuable element of Cu, with Cu grade of 0.84%, and associated elements of Au and Ag with Au and Ag grades of 0.29 g/t and 7.93 g/t, respectively. The ores, which are mixed ores with low oxidation rate, contain main metallic minerals of pyrite and chalcocite, minor metallic minerals of chalcopyrite, bornite, digenite, malachite, covellite and hematite, and gangue minerals of quartz, dolomite, feldspar, calcite, and so on. Very fine sized Cu-bearing minerals are mostly distributed in the pore, edge and surface of gangue minerals in form of cryptocrystalline aggregate. According to ore properties, the sulfide flotation was used to process the ore. Through the closed-circuit process of one rough processing, one refined processing, and three times scavenging, which yields a copper concentrate productive rate of 3.34%, the obtained copper concentrate has the Cu grade of 21.61% with the Cu recovery of 85.93%. Comparing with the current production indexes on site, the copper recovery rate is increased by 5.49%.
The elemental content, mineral constituent, occurrence mode and grain size of the embedded main minerals have been investigated by using modern analytical techniques including X-ray fluorescence spectrometer(XRF), chemical analysis, x-ray diffractometer(XRD), and optical microscope, etc. to identify properties of ores of the Waji copper deposit in Sichuan Province in order to formulate reasonable plans for beneficiation and metallurgy processes. The results show that the ores contain main valuable element of Cu, with Cu grade of 0.84%, and associated elements of Au and Ag with Au and Ag grades of 0.29 g/t and 7.93 g/t, respectively. The ores, which are mixed ores with low oxidation rate, contain main metallic minerals of pyrite and chalcocite, minor metallic minerals of chalcopyrite, bornite, digenite, malachite, covellite and hematite, and gangue minerals of quartz, dolomite, feldspar, calcite, and so on. Very fine sized Cu-bearing minerals are mostly distributed in the pore, edge and surface of gangue minerals in form of cryptocrystalline aggregate. According to ore properties, the sulfide flotation was used to process the ore. Through the closed-circuit process of one rough processing, one refined processing, and three times scavenging, which yields a copper concentrate productive rate of 3.34%, the obtained copper concentrate has the Cu grade of 21.61% with the Cu recovery of 85.93%. Comparing with the current production indexes on site, the copper recovery rate is increased by 5.49%.
引文
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[2]田尤,杨为民,申俊峰,等.中国铜资源产业形势分析及发展对策建议[J].资源与产业,2015,17(10):52-54.
[3]王永全,尹琼,王伊杰,等.云南镇康氧化铜矿工艺矿物学研究[J].矿产保护与利用,2017(2):85-89.
[4]傅开彬,王维清,黄阳,等.贵州某含金汞冶炼渣工艺矿物学研究[J].矿物学报,2013,33(2):158-162.
[5]陈道前,傅开彬,董发勤,等.四川里伍铜矿多金属低品位尾矿工艺矿物学研究[J].黄金科学技术,2015,23(6):70-74.
[6]Baum W.Ore characterization,process mineralogy and lab automation a roadmap for future mining[J].Minerals Engineering,2014,60:69-73.
[7]Whiteman E,Lotter N O,Amos S R.Process mineralogy as a predictive tool for flowsheet design to advance the Kamoa project[J].Minerals Engineering,2016,96-97:185-193.
[8]石旭平,杜亚斌,王存喜.四川省美姑县瓦基铜矿矿床特征及成矿规律[J].世界有色金属,2017(10):28-29.
[9]Corin K C,Kalichini M,O‘Connor C T,et al.The recovery of oxide copper minerals from a complex copper ore by sulphidisation[J].Minerals Engineering,2017,102:15-17.