中药活性成分防治脓毒症的研究进展
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摘要
脓毒症(sepsis)是感染引起宿主反应失调所致的致命性器官功能障碍,其死亡率居高不下,严重威胁人类生命安全,治疗脓毒症的药物研究一直是全球研究的热点。近年来中药有效成分在治疗脓毒症方面取得许多进展,本文拟从抑制脓毒症期间的炎症反应、抑制氧化应激、调节免疫反应、调节细胞死亡、调节内皮屏障功能5个方面对近3年来发表在英文期刊上的中药活性成分防治脓毒症的机制进展予以综述,以期为研发防治脓毒症的新药提供参考依据和线索。
Sepsis is a common critical disease in intensive care unit,also a dysregulated systemic inflammatory and immune response to microbial invasion that produces organ injury.Sepsis has a high mortality rate,which is a serious threat to human life.It′s a hot topic on development of new drug to treat sepsis in global.Many advances of active components from traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs) were reported in the treatment of sepsis in recent years.This article reviewed the research progress of TCMs in the prevention and treatment of sepsis reported by foreign journals in the past three years,which included five aspects such as inhibition of inflammatory reaction,inhibition of oxidative stress,regulation of immune response,regulation of cell death and endothelial barrier function etc,with an attempt to provide the theoretical basis for the development of new drugs for sepsis.
Sepsis is a common critical disease in intensive care unit,also a dysregulated systemic inflammatory and immune response to microbial invasion that produces organ injury.Sepsis has a high mortality rate,which is a serious threat to human life.It′s a hot topic on development of new drug to treat sepsis in global.Many advances of active components from traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs) were reported in the treatment of sepsis in recent years.This article reviewed the research progress of TCMs in the prevention and treatment of sepsis reported by foreign journals in the past three years,which included five aspects such as inhibition of inflammatory reaction,inhibition of oxidative stress,regulation of immune response,regulation of cell death and endothelial barrier function etc,with an attempt to provide the theoretical basis for the development of new drugs for sepsis.
引文
[1] SINGER M,DEUTSCHMAN C S,SEYMOUR C W,et al.The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3)[J].JAMA,2016,315(8):775-787.
[2] CECCONI M,EVANS L,LEVY M I,et al.Sepsis and septic shock[J].Lancet,2018(392):75-87.
[3] HOTCHKISS R S,MOLDAWER L L,OPAL S M,et al.Sepsis and septic shock[J].Nat Rev Dis Primers,2016(2):16045.
[4] CHOUSTERMAN B G,SWIRSKI F K,WEBER G F.Cytokine storm and sepsis disease pathogenesis[J].Semin Immunopathol,2017(39):517-528.
[5] DELANO M J,WARD P A.The immune system′s role in sepsis progression,resolution,and long-term outcome[J].Immunol Rev,2016(274):330-353.
[6] SCULLY M,LEVI M.How we manage haemostasis during sepsis[J].Br J Haematol,2019,185(2):209-218.
[7] RHODES A,EVANS L E,ALHAZZANI W,et al.Surviving sepsis campaign:international guidelines for managementof sepsis and septic shock[J].Crit Care Med,2017,43(3):304-377.
[8] 佚名.中国脓毒症/脓毒性休克急诊治疗指南(2018)[J].临床急诊杂志,2018,19(9):6-27.
[9] ANNANE D,RENAULT A,BRUN-BUISSON C,et al.Hydrocortisone plus fludrocortisone for adults with septic shock[J].N Engl J Med,2018,378(9):809.
[10] VENKATESH B,FINFER S,COHEN J,et al.Adjunctive glucocorticoid therapy in patients with septic shock[J].N Engl J Med,2018,378(9):797-808.
[11] MARIK P E.The role of glucocorticoids as adjunctive treatment for sepsis in the modern era[J].Lancet Respir Med,2018,6(10):793-800.
[12] KIM Y K,YEO M G,OH B K,et al.Tussilagone inhibits the inflammatory response and improves survival in CLP-induced septic mice[J].Int J Mol Sci,2017,18(12):2744-2757.
[13] LAN K C,CHAO S C,WU H Y,et al.Salidroside ameliorates sepsis-induced acute lung injury and mortality via downregulating NF-κB and HMGB1 pathways through the upregulation of SIRT1[J].Sci Rep,2017,7(1):12026.
[14] LEE W,KU S K,BAE J S.Zingerone reduces HMGB1-mediated septic responses and improves survival in septic mice[J].Toxicol Appl Pharmacol,2017(329):202-211.
[15] LEE W,CHO S H,KIM J E,et al.Suppressive effects of ginsenoside Rh1 on HMGB1-mediated septic responses[J].Am J Chin Med,2019(47):119-133.
[16] MI T,LIU Q Z,YU Z Y,et al.Attractylone attenuates sepsis-associated encephalopathy and cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting microglial activation and neuroinflammation[J].J Cell Biochem,2019,120(5):7101-7108.
[17] LEE Y,JEONG G,KIM K,et al.Cudratricusxanthone A attenuates sepsis-induced liver injury via SIRT1 signaling[J].J Cell Physiol,2018,233(7):5441-5446.
[18] YUAN X,ZHU J,KANG Q,et al.Protective effect of hesperidin against sepsis-induced lung injury by inducing the heat-stable protein 70 (Hsp70)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) pathway[J].Med Sci Monit,2019(25):107-114.
[19] WEN Q,MEI L Y,YE S,et al.Chrysophanol demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties in LPS-primed RAW 264.7 macrophages through activating PPAR-γ[J].Int Immunopharmacol,2018(56):90-97.
[20] MA F Y,LIU F,DING L,et al.Anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin are associated with down regulating microRNA-155 in LPS-treated macrophages and mice[J].Pharm Biol,2017,55(1):1263-1273.
[21] LIU Y,JING Y Y,ZENG C Y,et al.Scutellarin Suppresses NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Macrophages and Protects Mice against Bacterial Sepsis[J].Front Pharmacol,2017(8):975.
[22] XU F,WANG F,WEN T Q,et al.Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome:a new protective mechanism of cinnamaldehyde in endotoxin poisoning of mice[J].Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol,2017,39(5):296-304.
[23] WANG Y,FENG F,LIU M,et al.Resveratrol ameliorates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in a pediatric rat model via Nrf2 signaling pathway[J].Exp Ther Med,2018,16(4):3233-3240.
[24] WANG Y,WANG X,ZHANG L,et al.Alleviation of Acute Lung Injury in Rats with Sepsis by Resveratrol via the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Nuclear Factor-Erythroid 2 Related Factor 2/Heme Oxygenase-1 (PI3K/Nrf2/HO-1) Pathway[J].Med Sci Monit,2018(24):3604-3611.
[25] ZHONG W,QIAN K,XIONG J,et al.Curcumin alleviates lipopolysaccharide induced sepsis and liver failure by suppression of oxidative stress-related inflammation via PI3K/AKT and NF-κB related signaling[J].Biomed Pharmacother,2016(83):302-313.
[26] WU Y,LIU Z,WU W,et al.Effects of FM0807,a novel curcumin derivative,on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory factor release via the ROS/JNK/p53 pathway in RAW264.7 cells[J].Biosci Rep,2018(38):1-10.
[27] XIA S,LIN H,LIU H,et al.Honokiol attenuates sepsis-associated acute kidney injury via the inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation[J].Inflammation,2019,42(3):826-834.
[28] SHEN L,ZHOU T,WANG J,et al.Daphnetin reduces endotoxin lethality in mice and decreases LPS-induced inflammation in Raw264.7 cells via suppressing JAK/STATs activation and ROS production[J].Inflamm Res,2017,66(7):579-589.
[29] RABHA D J,SINGH T U,RUNGSUNG S,et al.Kaempferol attenuates acute lung injury in caecal ligation and puncture model of sepsis in mice[J].Exp Lung Res,2018,44(2):63-78.
[30] WANG Y X,LIU Q Y,ZHANG M,et al.Polysaccharides from bupleurum induce immune reversal in late sepsis[J].Shock,2018,49(4):451-459.
[31] GAO M,OU H,JIANG Y,et al.Tanshinone IIA attenuates sepsis-induced immunosuppression and improves survival rate in a mice peritonitis model[J].Biomed Pharmacother,2019(112):108609.
[32] CHANG S,KIM Y H,KIM Y J,et al.Taurodeoxycholate Increases the Number of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells That Ameliorate Sepsis in Mice[J].Front Immunol,2018(9):1984.
[33] CHEN L,LU Y,ZHAO L,et al.Curcumin attenuates sepsis-induced acute organ dysfunction by preventing inflammation and enhancing the suppressive function of Tregs[J].Int Immunopharmacol,2018(61):1-7.
[34] LIU X ,ZHENG L,LI Q F,et al.Naringin protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac injury in mice[J].Environ Toxicol Pharmacol,2016(48):1-6.
[35] LIU X,YANG X,HAN L,et al.Pterostilbene alleviates polymicrobial sepsis-induced liver injury:Possible role of SIRT1 signaling[J].Int Immunopharmacol,2017(49):50-59.
[36] YANG L,ZHANG Z,ZHUO Y Z,et al.Resveratrol alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by suppressing inflammation and apoptosis of alveolar macrophage cells[J].Am J Transl Res,2018,10(7):1961-1975.
[37] LI Y,WANG F,LUO Y.Ginsenoside Rg1 protects against sepsis-associated encephalopathy through beclin 1-independent autophagy in mice[J].J Surg Res,2017(207):181-189.
[38] JI Q,SUN Z,YANG Z,et al.Protective effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on LPS-induced apoptosis of lung epithelial cells[J].Mol Immunol,2018.doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2018.11.003.
[39] XING W,YANG L,PENG Y,et al.Ginsenoside Rg3 attenuates sepsis-induced injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in liver via AMPK-mediated autophagy flux[J].Biosci Rep,2017,37(4):BSR20170934.
[40] KUANG M,CEN Y,QIN R,et al.Artesunate attenuates pro-inflammatory cytokine release from macrophages by onhibiting TLR4-mediated autophagic activation via the TRAF6-Beclin1-PI3KC3 pathway[J].Cell Physiol Biochem,2018,47(2):475-488.
[41] ZHANG Y P,PAN C S,YAN L,et al.Catalpol restores LPS-elicited rat microcirculation disorder by regulation of a network of signaling involving inhibition of TLR-4 and SRC[J].Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol,2016,311(6):G1091-G1104.
[42] JEONG S,KU S K,BAE J S.Anti-inflammatory effects of pelargonidin on TGFBIp-induced responses[J].Can J Physiol Pharmacol,2017,95(4):372-381.
[43] HE Y,YUAN X M,ZUO H,et al.Berberine exerts a protective effect on gut-vascular barrier via the modulation of the Wnt/Beta-Catenin signaling pathway during sepsis[J].Cell Physiol Biochem,2018,49(4):1342-1351.
[44] YANG L,LI D,ZHUO Y,et al.Protective role of liriodendrin in sepsis-induced acute lung injury[J].Inflammation,2016,39(5):1805-1813.
[45] CHENG Z,QI R,LI L,et al.Dihydroartemisinin ameliorates sepsis-induced hyperpermeability of glomerular endothelium via up-regulation of occluding expression[J].Biomed Pharmacother,2018(99):313-318.
[46] ZHANG X,CHANG N,ZHANG Y,et al.Bakuchiol protects against acute lung injury in septic mice[J].Inflammation,2017,40(2):351-359.
[47] WU H,YANG Y,GUO S,et al.Nuciferine ameliorates inflammatory responses by inhibiting the TLR4-mediated pathway in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury[J].Front Pharmacol,2017(8):939.
[48] MENG Y Y,LIU Y,HU Z F,et al.Sanguinarine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and apoptosis by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in H9c2 cardiomyocytes[J].Curr Med Sci,2018,38(2):204-211.
[49] ISHISONO K,YABE T,KITAGUCHI K.Citrus pectin attenuates endotoxin shock via suppression of Toll-like receptor signaling in Peyer′s patch myeloid cells[J].J Nutr Biochem,2017(50):38-45.
[50] WANG Y,XU Y,ZHANG P,et al.Smiglaside A ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury by modulating macrophage polarization via AMPK-PPARγ pathway[J].Biochem Pharmacol,2018(156):385-395.
[51] LIU J X,LI X,YAN F G,et al.Protective effect of forsythoside B against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by attenuating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway[J].Int Immunopharmacol,2019(66):336-346.
[52] JI Z R,XUE W L,ZHANG L.Correction to:Schisandrin B attenuates inflammation in LPS-induced sepsis through miR-17-5p downregulating TLR4[J].Inflammation,2019,42(2):740.
[53] XIONG C Q,ZHOU H C,WU J,et al.The Protective Effects and the Involved Mechanisms of Tanshinone IIA on Sepsis-Induced Brain Damage in Mice[J].Inflammation,2019,42(1):354-364.
[54] TANG Y,WANG C,WANG Y M,et al.Isoliquiritigenin attenuates LPS-induced AKI by suppression of inflammation involving NF-κB pathway[J].Am J Transl Res,2018,10(12):4141-4151.
[55] HE J M,SUN S C,SUN Z L,et al.Isovalerylshikonin,a new resistance-modifying agent from Arnebiaeuchroma,supresses antimicrobial resistance of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus[J].Int J Antimicrob Agents,2019,53(1):70-73.
[56] SUN L C,ZHANG H B,GU C D,et al.Protective effect of acacetin on sepsis-induced acute lung injury via its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activity[J].Arch Pharm Res,2018,41(12):1199-1210.
[57] JIN L,ZENG W,ZHANG F,et al.Naringenin ameliorates acute inflammation by regulating intracellular cytokine degradation[J].J Immunol,2017,199(10):3466-3477.
[2] CECCONI M,EVANS L,LEVY M I,et al.Sepsis and septic shock[J].Lancet,2018(392):75-87.
[3] HOTCHKISS R S,MOLDAWER L L,OPAL S M,et al.Sepsis and septic shock[J].Nat Rev Dis Primers,2016(2):16045.
[4] CHOUSTERMAN B G,SWIRSKI F K,WEBER G F.Cytokine storm and sepsis disease pathogenesis[J].Semin Immunopathol,2017(39):517-528.
[5] DELANO M J,WARD P A.The immune system′s role in sepsis progression,resolution,and long-term outcome[J].Immunol Rev,2016(274):330-353.
[6] SCULLY M,LEVI M.How we manage haemostasis during sepsis[J].Br J Haematol,2019,185(2):209-218.
[7] RHODES A,EVANS L E,ALHAZZANI W,et al.Surviving sepsis campaign:international guidelines for managementof sepsis and septic shock[J].Crit Care Med,2017,43(3):304-377.
[8] 佚名.中国脓毒症/脓毒性休克急诊治疗指南(2018)[J].临床急诊杂志,2018,19(9):6-27.
[9] ANNANE D,RENAULT A,BRUN-BUISSON C,et al.Hydrocortisone plus fludrocortisone for adults with septic shock[J].N Engl J Med,2018,378(9):809.
[10] VENKATESH B,FINFER S,COHEN J,et al.Adjunctive glucocorticoid therapy in patients with septic shock[J].N Engl J Med,2018,378(9):797-808.
[11] MARIK P E.The role of glucocorticoids as adjunctive treatment for sepsis in the modern era[J].Lancet Respir Med,2018,6(10):793-800.
[12] KIM Y K,YEO M G,OH B K,et al.Tussilagone inhibits the inflammatory response and improves survival in CLP-induced septic mice[J].Int J Mol Sci,2017,18(12):2744-2757.
[13] LAN K C,CHAO S C,WU H Y,et al.Salidroside ameliorates sepsis-induced acute lung injury and mortality via downregulating NF-κB and HMGB1 pathways through the upregulation of SIRT1[J].Sci Rep,2017,7(1):12026.
[14] LEE W,KU S K,BAE J S.Zingerone reduces HMGB1-mediated septic responses and improves survival in septic mice[J].Toxicol Appl Pharmacol,2017(329):202-211.
[15] LEE W,CHO S H,KIM J E,et al.Suppressive effects of ginsenoside Rh1 on HMGB1-mediated septic responses[J].Am J Chin Med,2019(47):119-133.
[16] MI T,LIU Q Z,YU Z Y,et al.Attractylone attenuates sepsis-associated encephalopathy and cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting microglial activation and neuroinflammation[J].J Cell Biochem,2019,120(5):7101-7108.
[17] LEE Y,JEONG G,KIM K,et al.Cudratricusxanthone A attenuates sepsis-induced liver injury via SIRT1 signaling[J].J Cell Physiol,2018,233(7):5441-5446.
[18] YUAN X,ZHU J,KANG Q,et al.Protective effect of hesperidin against sepsis-induced lung injury by inducing the heat-stable protein 70 (Hsp70)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) pathway[J].Med Sci Monit,2019(25):107-114.
[19] WEN Q,MEI L Y,YE S,et al.Chrysophanol demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties in LPS-primed RAW 264.7 macrophages through activating PPAR-γ[J].Int Immunopharmacol,2018(56):90-97.
[20] MA F Y,LIU F,DING L,et al.Anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin are associated with down regulating microRNA-155 in LPS-treated macrophages and mice[J].Pharm Biol,2017,55(1):1263-1273.
[21] LIU Y,JING Y Y,ZENG C Y,et al.Scutellarin Suppresses NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Macrophages and Protects Mice against Bacterial Sepsis[J].Front Pharmacol,2017(8):975.
[22] XU F,WANG F,WEN T Q,et al.Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome:a new protective mechanism of cinnamaldehyde in endotoxin poisoning of mice[J].Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol,2017,39(5):296-304.
[23] WANG Y,FENG F,LIU M,et al.Resveratrol ameliorates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in a pediatric rat model via Nrf2 signaling pathway[J].Exp Ther Med,2018,16(4):3233-3240.
[24] WANG Y,WANG X,ZHANG L,et al.Alleviation of Acute Lung Injury in Rats with Sepsis by Resveratrol via the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Nuclear Factor-Erythroid 2 Related Factor 2/Heme Oxygenase-1 (PI3K/Nrf2/HO-1) Pathway[J].Med Sci Monit,2018(24):3604-3611.
[25] ZHONG W,QIAN K,XIONG J,et al.Curcumin alleviates lipopolysaccharide induced sepsis and liver failure by suppression of oxidative stress-related inflammation via PI3K/AKT and NF-κB related signaling[J].Biomed Pharmacother,2016(83):302-313.
[26] WU Y,LIU Z,WU W,et al.Effects of FM0807,a novel curcumin derivative,on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory factor release via the ROS/JNK/p53 pathway in RAW264.7 cells[J].Biosci Rep,2018(38):1-10.
[27] XIA S,LIN H,LIU H,et al.Honokiol attenuates sepsis-associated acute kidney injury via the inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation[J].Inflammation,2019,42(3):826-834.
[28] SHEN L,ZHOU T,WANG J,et al.Daphnetin reduces endotoxin lethality in mice and decreases LPS-induced inflammation in Raw264.7 cells via suppressing JAK/STATs activation and ROS production[J].Inflamm Res,2017,66(7):579-589.
[29] RABHA D J,SINGH T U,RUNGSUNG S,et al.Kaempferol attenuates acute lung injury in caecal ligation and puncture model of sepsis in mice[J].Exp Lung Res,2018,44(2):63-78.
[30] WANG Y X,LIU Q Y,ZHANG M,et al.Polysaccharides from bupleurum induce immune reversal in late sepsis[J].Shock,2018,49(4):451-459.
[31] GAO M,OU H,JIANG Y,et al.Tanshinone IIA attenuates sepsis-induced immunosuppression and improves survival rate in a mice peritonitis model[J].Biomed Pharmacother,2019(112):108609.
[32] CHANG S,KIM Y H,KIM Y J,et al.Taurodeoxycholate Increases the Number of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells That Ameliorate Sepsis in Mice[J].Front Immunol,2018(9):1984.
[33] CHEN L,LU Y,ZHAO L,et al.Curcumin attenuates sepsis-induced acute organ dysfunction by preventing inflammation and enhancing the suppressive function of Tregs[J].Int Immunopharmacol,2018(61):1-7.
[34] LIU X ,ZHENG L,LI Q F,et al.Naringin protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac injury in mice[J].Environ Toxicol Pharmacol,2016(48):1-6.
[35] LIU X,YANG X,HAN L,et al.Pterostilbene alleviates polymicrobial sepsis-induced liver injury:Possible role of SIRT1 signaling[J].Int Immunopharmacol,2017(49):50-59.
[36] YANG L,ZHANG Z,ZHUO Y Z,et al.Resveratrol alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by suppressing inflammation and apoptosis of alveolar macrophage cells[J].Am J Transl Res,2018,10(7):1961-1975.
[37] LI Y,WANG F,LUO Y.Ginsenoside Rg1 protects against sepsis-associated encephalopathy through beclin 1-independent autophagy in mice[J].J Surg Res,2017(207):181-189.
[38] JI Q,SUN Z,YANG Z,et al.Protective effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on LPS-induced apoptosis of lung epithelial cells[J].Mol Immunol,2018.doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2018.11.003.
[39] XING W,YANG L,PENG Y,et al.Ginsenoside Rg3 attenuates sepsis-induced injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in liver via AMPK-mediated autophagy flux[J].Biosci Rep,2017,37(4):BSR20170934.
[40] KUANG M,CEN Y,QIN R,et al.Artesunate attenuates pro-inflammatory cytokine release from macrophages by onhibiting TLR4-mediated autophagic activation via the TRAF6-Beclin1-PI3KC3 pathway[J].Cell Physiol Biochem,2018,47(2):475-488.
[41] ZHANG Y P,PAN C S,YAN L,et al.Catalpol restores LPS-elicited rat microcirculation disorder by regulation of a network of signaling involving inhibition of TLR-4 and SRC[J].Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol,2016,311(6):G1091-G1104.
[42] JEONG S,KU S K,BAE J S.Anti-inflammatory effects of pelargonidin on TGFBIp-induced responses[J].Can J Physiol Pharmacol,2017,95(4):372-381.
[43] HE Y,YUAN X M,ZUO H,et al.Berberine exerts a protective effect on gut-vascular barrier via the modulation of the Wnt/Beta-Catenin signaling pathway during sepsis[J].Cell Physiol Biochem,2018,49(4):1342-1351.
[44] YANG L,LI D,ZHUO Y,et al.Protective role of liriodendrin in sepsis-induced acute lung injury[J].Inflammation,2016,39(5):1805-1813.
[45] CHENG Z,QI R,LI L,et al.Dihydroartemisinin ameliorates sepsis-induced hyperpermeability of glomerular endothelium via up-regulation of occluding expression[J].Biomed Pharmacother,2018(99):313-318.
[46] ZHANG X,CHANG N,ZHANG Y,et al.Bakuchiol protects against acute lung injury in septic mice[J].Inflammation,2017,40(2):351-359.
[47] WU H,YANG Y,GUO S,et al.Nuciferine ameliorates inflammatory responses by inhibiting the TLR4-mediated pathway in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury[J].Front Pharmacol,2017(8):939.
[48] MENG Y Y,LIU Y,HU Z F,et al.Sanguinarine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and apoptosis by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in H9c2 cardiomyocytes[J].Curr Med Sci,2018,38(2):204-211.
[49] ISHISONO K,YABE T,KITAGUCHI K.Citrus pectin attenuates endotoxin shock via suppression of Toll-like receptor signaling in Peyer′s patch myeloid cells[J].J Nutr Biochem,2017(50):38-45.
[50] WANG Y,XU Y,ZHANG P,et al.Smiglaside A ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury by modulating macrophage polarization via AMPK-PPARγ pathway[J].Biochem Pharmacol,2018(156):385-395.
[51] LIU J X,LI X,YAN F G,et al.Protective effect of forsythoside B against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by attenuating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway[J].Int Immunopharmacol,2019(66):336-346.
[52] JI Z R,XUE W L,ZHANG L.Correction to:Schisandrin B attenuates inflammation in LPS-induced sepsis through miR-17-5p downregulating TLR4[J].Inflammation,2019,42(2):740.
[53] XIONG C Q,ZHOU H C,WU J,et al.The Protective Effects and the Involved Mechanisms of Tanshinone IIA on Sepsis-Induced Brain Damage in Mice[J].Inflammation,2019,42(1):354-364.
[54] TANG Y,WANG C,WANG Y M,et al.Isoliquiritigenin attenuates LPS-induced AKI by suppression of inflammation involving NF-κB pathway[J].Am J Transl Res,2018,10(12):4141-4151.
[55] HE J M,SUN S C,SUN Z L,et al.Isovalerylshikonin,a new resistance-modifying agent from Arnebiaeuchroma,supresses antimicrobial resistance of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus[J].Int J Antimicrob Agents,2019,53(1):70-73.
[56] SUN L C,ZHANG H B,GU C D,et al.Protective effect of acacetin on sepsis-induced acute lung injury via its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activity[J].Arch Pharm Res,2018,41(12):1199-1210.
[57] JIN L,ZENG W,ZHANG F,et al.Naringenin ameliorates acute inflammation by regulating intracellular cytokine degradation[J].J Immunol,2017,199(10):3466-3477.