不同脱皮设备对青稞米加工碎米率的影响
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摘要
采用青稞为原料,对比了青稞米加工中柔性脱皮机和碾米机对碎米率的影响。分析了2种脱皮设备对青稞麸皮中淀粉含量的变化趋势和原因,探讨了入机水分、脱皮率、灭酶、筛分工序等对青稞米加工过程中碎米率的影响。研究结果显示,青稞米加工最佳的入机水分为16%;碎米率随着脱皮率升高而升高,碾米机的碎米增长率高于柔性脱皮机;脱皮率<10%时,灭酶对碎米率无显著性影响,脱皮率>10%时,灭酶处理使碎米率显著上升;脱皮率>10%时,筛分工序能够降低碎米率和提高青稞米粉的亮度;柔性脱皮机能缓解青稞制米时碾米机过碾的问题,降低了富葡聚糖相中淀粉的含量。
In this experiment,hull-less barley was used as raw material,the effect of flexible peeling machine and rice milling machine in processing on broken rice rate were compared.The variation trend and cause of starch content in barley bran were analyzed by two kinds of peeling equipment,and the influence of water,peeling rate,stabilizing treatment and screening on the rate of rice crushing in the process of barley bran was discussed.The results showed that the best moisture of barley in processing was 16%.The rice crushing rate increased with the growing peeling rate,and the rice crushing growth rate was higher than that of flexible peeling machine.When the desquamation rate was less than 10%,the desquamation rate had no significant effect on the rice crushing rate.When the desquamation rate was more than 10%,the desquamation rate increased significantly.The sifting process could reduce the rice crushing rate and improve the brightness of barley rice flour when the peeling rate was more than10%.The flexible peeling machine was able to alleviate the problem of excessive grinding when making barley rice and reduce the content of starch in glucan-rich phase.
In this experiment,hull-less barley was used as raw material,the effect of flexible peeling machine and rice milling machine in processing on broken rice rate were compared.The variation trend and cause of starch content in barley bran were analyzed by two kinds of peeling equipment,and the influence of water,peeling rate,stabilizing treatment and screening on the rate of rice crushing in the process of barley bran was discussed.The results showed that the best moisture of barley in processing was 16%.The rice crushing rate increased with the growing peeling rate,and the rice crushing growth rate was higher than that of flexible peeling machine.When the desquamation rate was less than 10%,the desquamation rate had no significant effect on the rice crushing rate.When the desquamation rate was more than 10%,the desquamation rate increased significantly.The sifting process could reduce the rice crushing rate and improve the brightness of barley rice flour when the peeling rate was more than10%.The flexible peeling machine was able to alleviate the problem of excessive grinding when making barley rice and reduce the content of starch in glucan-rich phase.
引文
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[15]甘济升,贾素贤,叶坚.青稞加工工艺研究[J].现代食品,2016(12):124-126GAN J S,JIA S X,YE J.Processing technology research of highland barley[J].Modern Food,2016(12):124-126
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[17]刘焕生.横式碾米机、立式碾米机的不同工艺特点与建议[J].科技创新与应用,2012(21):121LIU H S.Different process characteristics and suggestions of horizontal rice polisher and vertical rice polisher[J].Technology Innovation and Application,2012(21):121
[18]陈玉辉.立式砂辊碾米机的构造原理及使用维护[J].农机使用与维修,2014(11):89CHEN Y H.Construction principle and operation and maintenance of vertical sand roller rice polisher[J].Farm Machinery Using&Maintenance,2014(11):89.
[2]MACGREGOR A W,FINCHER G B.Carbohydrates of the barleygrain[M].Barley:Chemistry and Technology,1993:73-130
[3]JENKINS D J,JENKINS A L,WOLEVER T M,et al.Effect of reduced rate of carbohydrate absorption on carbohy-drate and lipid metabolism[J].European Journal of Clinical Nutrition,1995,49(Suppl 3):S68
[4]王东.青稞米的加工工艺及麸皮中营养成分的研究[D].郑州:河南工业大学,2014WANG D.Hulless barley processing technology and the study of the nutrients of the bran[D].Zhengzhou:Henan University of Technology,2014
[5]张峰.青稞β-葡聚糖的分离纯化及其理化性质研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2005ZHANG F.Studies on Isolation,purification and physicochemical property of highland parley[D].Chongqing:Southwest University,2005
[6]袁鼎山.FBPY型小麦剥皮机[J].粮食加工,2004,29(6):43YUAN D S.FBPY wheat husker[J].Grain Processing,2004,29(6):43
[7]巫幼华,包清彬,刘建伟,等.碾米过程中碎米率变化的比较研究[J].中国粮油学报,2004,19(4):9-12WU Y H,BAO Q B,LIU J W,et al.Comparative research on broken rice rate in rice milling[J].Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association,2004,19(4):9-12
[8]刘建伟,徐润琪,三轮精博,等.碾米碎米率的预测误差及其修正[J].粮食与饲料工业,2003(7):8-10LIU J W,XU R Q,et al.Estimation error of broken rice rate in rice milling and its correction[J].Cereal and Feed Industry,2003(7):8-10
[9]贾富国,南景富,白士刚.糙米的含水率与其碾米性能的影响规律研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2006,37(5):665-668JIA F G,NAN J F,BAI S G.Study on the relationship between themoisture content ofrice and milling characteristics[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2006,37(5):665-668
[10]杨洲,罗锡文,李长友.稻谷含水率分布及变化规律[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(10):81-84YANG Z,LUO X W,LI C Y.Distribution and variation of rice kernel moisture content[J].Transactions of The Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2005,36(10):81-84
[11]贾富国,白士刚.糙米加湿调质过程中最佳一次加湿量的研究[J].中国粮油学报,2005,20(6):1-3JIA F G,BAI SG.The optimum once moisture adding amount for brown rice during moisture conditioning[J].Journal of The Chinese Cereals And Oils Association,2005,20(6):1-3
[12]张强.润糙时间对糙米碾米性能影响的试验研究[J].粮食加工,2014(5):35-37ZHANG Q.Effect of moisture conditioning treatment on milling characteristic of brown rice[J].Transactions of the chinese society of agricultural engineering,2014(5):35-37
[13]刘新红.青稞品质特性评价及加工适宜性研究[D].西宁:青海大学,2014LIU X H.Study on quality evaluation and processing suitability of hulless barley[D].Xining:Qinghai university,2014
[14]张洪霞.稻米及米饭的力学流变学特性的研究及其应用探讨[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2004ZHANG H X.Studies on the mechanical rheological properties anddiscuss of application of brown rice and cooked rice[D].Haerbin:Northeast Agricultural University,2004
[15]甘济升,贾素贤,叶坚.青稞加工工艺研究[J].现代食品,2016(12):124-126GAN J S,JIA S X,YE J.Processing technology research of highland barley[J].Modern Food,2016(12):124-126
[16]胡新中.燕麦的酶活性及其食品加工中抑制工艺研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2007HU X Z.Oat enzyme activity and its deactivation for oat food processing[D].Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2007
[17]刘焕生.横式碾米机、立式碾米机的不同工艺特点与建议[J].科技创新与应用,2012(21):121LIU H S.Different process characteristics and suggestions of horizontal rice polisher and vertical rice polisher[J].Technology Innovation and Application,2012(21):121
[18]陈玉辉.立式砂辊碾米机的构造原理及使用维护[J].农机使用与维修,2014(11):89CHEN Y H.Construction principle and operation and maintenance of vertical sand roller rice polisher[J].Farm Machinery Using&Maintenance,2014(11):89.