鸭绿江口邻近海域夏季粒级叶绿素a分布及影响因素研究
|
摘要
于2016年8月在鸭绿江口邻近海域采集水样,讨论了鸭绿江口邻近海域夏季粒级Chl a含量的空间分布规律及环境影响因素。结果表明,调查海域总Chl a含量介于2. 91～17. 46μg/L之间,平均含量为6. 54±3. 56μg/L,表层Chl a含量高于底层。小型级(Micro) Chl a含量表、底层分布规律相近,高值区均位于河流入海口处;表层和底层微微型级(Pico) Chl a分布规律相近,含量值在河流入海口处由东北向西南逐渐降低。微型级(Nano) Chl a含量在表层高值区位于河流入海口处偏西方向,底层则呈现北低南高的分布趋势。Micro级Chl a为夏季鸭绿江口邻近海域总Chl a的主要贡献者,平均贡献率为55. 10%;Pico级和Nano级Chl a平均贡献率为27. 61%和17. 29%。Chl a主成分分析结果表明:底层各粒级Chl a含量与各环境因子均呈显著正相关(p <0. 05);表层各粒级Chl a含量与盐度、透明度呈显著负相关,与硝酸盐(NO_3-N)、亚硝酸盐(NO_2-N)、磷酸盐(PO_4-P)、DIN、氮磷比、悬浮物浓度等呈显著正相关(p <0. 05);Micro级Chl a含量与营养盐因子相关性更显著。
Samples of chlorophyll a were collected in adjacent water of Yalu River estuary in August 2016 to discuss the distribution of sized-fractionated chlorophyll a and its influencing factors. The results showed that the total chlorophyll a concentration ranged from 2. 91 μg/L to 17. 46 μg/L,with an average value of 6. 54 ± 3. 56 μg/L. The concentration of chlorophyll a in surface layer was much higher than it in bottom. The horizontal distributions of concentration of Micro-sized chlorophyll a in surface and bottom layer showed analogous tendency in general,which value reached to peak at the estuary of the river. Furthermore,the pattern of concentration distributions horizontally of Picosized chlorophyll a in bottom layer was similar to surface layer,with a degree of content gradually decreasing from northeast to southwest. However,the high value zone of the Nano-sized chlorophyll a in surface is situated on the west of the river estuary,with a horizontal distribution of north high and south low at bottom. As primary contributor the av-erage contribution rate of Micro-sized chlorophyll a was up to 51. 10% followed by Pico-sized chlorophyll a( 27. 61%) and Nano-sized chlorophyll a( 17. 29%). The principal component analysis( PCA) between size-fractioned chlorophyll a and environmental factors indicated that the concentration of underlying size-fractionated chlorophyll a was positive related to all environmental factors( p < 0. 05). Moreover,the salinity,transparency were negative connected with size-fractionated chlorophyll a,whereas the content of nitrate,nitrite,phosphate,dissolved inorganic nitrogen( DIN),suspended substance and ratios of dissolved inorganic nitrogen( DIN) to phosphate could positively affect the structure of superficial size-fractionated chlorophyll a( p < 0. 05). The concentration of Micro-sized chlorophyll a showed extremely positive correlation with nutrients than Nano-sized and Pico-sized chlorophyll a.
Samples of chlorophyll a were collected in adjacent water of Yalu River estuary in August 2016 to discuss the distribution of sized-fractionated chlorophyll a and its influencing factors. The results showed that the total chlorophyll a concentration ranged from 2. 91 μg/L to 17. 46 μg/L,with an average value of 6. 54 ± 3. 56 μg/L. The concentration of chlorophyll a in surface layer was much higher than it in bottom. The horizontal distributions of concentration of Micro-sized chlorophyll a in surface and bottom layer showed analogous tendency in general,which value reached to peak at the estuary of the river. Furthermore,the pattern of concentration distributions horizontally of Picosized chlorophyll a in bottom layer was similar to surface layer,with a degree of content gradually decreasing from northeast to southwest. However,the high value zone of the Nano-sized chlorophyll a in surface is situated on the west of the river estuary,with a horizontal distribution of north high and south low at bottom. As primary contributor the av-erage contribution rate of Micro-sized chlorophyll a was up to 51. 10% followed by Pico-sized chlorophyll a( 27. 61%) and Nano-sized chlorophyll a( 17. 29%). The principal component analysis( PCA) between size-fractioned chlorophyll a and environmental factors indicated that the concentration of underlying size-fractionated chlorophyll a was positive related to all environmental factors( p < 0. 05). Moreover,the salinity,transparency were negative connected with size-fractionated chlorophyll a,whereas the content of nitrate,nitrite,phosphate,dissolved inorganic nitrogen( DIN),suspended substance and ratios of dissolved inorganic nitrogen( DIN) to phosphate could positively affect the structure of superficial size-fractionated chlorophyll a( p < 0. 05). The concentration of Micro-sized chlorophyll a showed extremely positive correlation with nutrients than Nano-sized and Pico-sized chlorophyll a.
引文
[1]黄良敏,张会军,张雅芝,等.入海河口鱼类生物与水环境关系的研究现状与进展[J].海洋湖沼通报,2013(1):61-68.
[2]程岩,刘月,李富祥,等.鸭绿江口及邻近浅海碎屑矿物特征与物源辨识[J].地理研究,2010,29(11):1950-1960.
[3]程岩,刘月,高建华,等.近百年来人类活动对鸭绿江口河床演变的影响[J].地理学报,2012,67(5):609-620.
[4]黄邦钦,洪华生,柯林,等.珠江口分粒级叶绿素a和初级生产力研究[J].海洋学报,2005,27(6):180-186.
[5]郑运,张瑜斌,郭凯旋,等.湛江湾叶绿素a粒径结构及其与环境因子的关系[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(4):20-25.
[6]孙军,田伟.2009年春季长江口及其邻近水域浮游植物---物种组成与粒级叶绿素a[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(1):235-242.
[7]刘晓彤.夏、秋季黄河口及其邻近海域浮游植物群落结构和粒级结构的研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2011.
[8]李丽,江涛,吕颂辉.大亚湾海域夏、秋季分粒级叶绿素a分布特征[J].海洋环境科学,2013,32(2):185-189.
[9]车宏,冉祥滨,臧家业,等.南海南部海域夏季分粒级叶绿素a分布及影响因素[J].水生态学杂志,2012,33(4):63-72.
[10]GB/T 12763.6-2007,海洋调查规范第6部分:海洋生物调查[S].
[11]白凤龙,高建华,汪亚平,等.鸭绿江口的潮汐特征[J].海洋通报,2008,27(3):7-13.
[12]刘述锡,孙钦帮,陈素梅,等.北黄海近岸海域叶绿素a浓度季节分布特征[J].海洋环境科学,2011,30(4):528-532.
[13]柯志新,黄良民,谭烨辉,等.2008年夏末南海北部叶绿素a的空间分布特征及其影响因素[J].热带海洋学报,2013,32(4):51-57.
[14]黄邦钦,刘媛,陈纪新,等.东海、黄海浮游植物生物量的粒级结构及时空分布[J].海洋学报:中文版,2006,28(2):156-164.
[15]WANG J J,LIU C Q,BAI J H.Relationship between size-fractionated Chlorophyll a and environmental factors in Lake Baiyangdian,China[J].Procedia Environmental Sciences,2012,13:1553-1558.
[16]VARELA M,FERNANDEZ E,SERRET P.Size-fractionated phytoplankton biomass and primary production in the Gerlache and South Bransfield Straits(Antarctic Peninsula)in Austral summer 1995-1996[J].Deep Sea Research Part II:Topical Studies in Oceanography,2002,49(4/5):749-768.
[17]TAKAHASHI M,BIENFANG P K.Size structure of phytoplankton biomass and photosynthesis in subtropical Hawaiian waters[J].Marine Biology,1983,76(2):203-211.
[18]LE BOUTEILLER A,BLANCHOT J,RODIER M.Size distribution patterns of phytoplankton in the western Pacific:towards a generalization for the tropical open ocean[J].Deep Sea Research Part A.Oceanographic Research Papers,1992,39(5):805-823.
[19]SEOANE S,LAZA A,ORIVE E.Monitoring phytoplankton assemblages in estuarine waters:the application of pigment analysis and microscopy to size-fractionated samples[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2006,67(3):343-354.
[20]TAMIGNEAUX E,LEGENDRE L,KLEIN B,et al.Seasonal dynamics and potential fate of size-fractionated phytoplankton in a temperate nearshore environment(Western Gulf of St Lawrence,Canada)[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,1999,48(2):253-269.
[21]CERMENO P,MARANON E,PEREZ V,et al.Phytoplankton size structure and primary production in a highly dynamic coastal ecosystem(Ría de Vigo,NW-Spain):Seasonal and short-time scale variability[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2006,67(1/2):251-266.
[22]蔡昱明,宁修仁,刘子琳,等.莱州湾浮游植物粒径分级叶绿素a和初级生产力及新生产力[J].海洋科学集刊,2002(00):1-10.
[23]徐鑫,倪朝辉,李云峰,等.鸭绿江中下游、辽河、大凌河流域浮游植物比较研究[J].环境保护前沿,2014,4(1B):13-18.
[24]王俊,韦肖杭,姚伟忠,等.南太湖水体叶绿素a含量与氮磷浓度的关系[J].浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,2011,30(3):190-193,204.
[25]JUSTI C'D,RABALAIS N N,TURNER R E,et al.Changes in nutrient structure of river-dominated coastal waters:stoichiometric nutrient balance and its consequences[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,1995,40(3):339-356.
[26]SHEN Z L.Historical Changes in Nutrient Structure and its Influences on Phytoplantkon Composition in Jiaozhou Bay[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2001,52(2):211-224.
[2]程岩,刘月,李富祥,等.鸭绿江口及邻近浅海碎屑矿物特征与物源辨识[J].地理研究,2010,29(11):1950-1960.
[3]程岩,刘月,高建华,等.近百年来人类活动对鸭绿江口河床演变的影响[J].地理学报,2012,67(5):609-620.
[4]黄邦钦,洪华生,柯林,等.珠江口分粒级叶绿素a和初级生产力研究[J].海洋学报,2005,27(6):180-186.
[5]郑运,张瑜斌,郭凯旋,等.湛江湾叶绿素a粒径结构及其与环境因子的关系[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(4):20-25.
[6]孙军,田伟.2009年春季长江口及其邻近水域浮游植物---物种组成与粒级叶绿素a[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(1):235-242.
[7]刘晓彤.夏、秋季黄河口及其邻近海域浮游植物群落结构和粒级结构的研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2011.
[8]李丽,江涛,吕颂辉.大亚湾海域夏、秋季分粒级叶绿素a分布特征[J].海洋环境科学,2013,32(2):185-189.
[9]车宏,冉祥滨,臧家业,等.南海南部海域夏季分粒级叶绿素a分布及影响因素[J].水生态学杂志,2012,33(4):63-72.
[10]GB/T 12763.6-2007,海洋调查规范第6部分:海洋生物调查[S].
[11]白凤龙,高建华,汪亚平,等.鸭绿江口的潮汐特征[J].海洋通报,2008,27(3):7-13.
[12]刘述锡,孙钦帮,陈素梅,等.北黄海近岸海域叶绿素a浓度季节分布特征[J].海洋环境科学,2011,30(4):528-532.
[13]柯志新,黄良民,谭烨辉,等.2008年夏末南海北部叶绿素a的空间分布特征及其影响因素[J].热带海洋学报,2013,32(4):51-57.
[14]黄邦钦,刘媛,陈纪新,等.东海、黄海浮游植物生物量的粒级结构及时空分布[J].海洋学报:中文版,2006,28(2):156-164.
[15]WANG J J,LIU C Q,BAI J H.Relationship between size-fractionated Chlorophyll a and environmental factors in Lake Baiyangdian,China[J].Procedia Environmental Sciences,2012,13:1553-1558.
[16]VARELA M,FERNANDEZ E,SERRET P.Size-fractionated phytoplankton biomass and primary production in the Gerlache and South Bransfield Straits(Antarctic Peninsula)in Austral summer 1995-1996[J].Deep Sea Research Part II:Topical Studies in Oceanography,2002,49(4/5):749-768.
[17]TAKAHASHI M,BIENFANG P K.Size structure of phytoplankton biomass and photosynthesis in subtropical Hawaiian waters[J].Marine Biology,1983,76(2):203-211.
[18]LE BOUTEILLER A,BLANCHOT J,RODIER M.Size distribution patterns of phytoplankton in the western Pacific:towards a generalization for the tropical open ocean[J].Deep Sea Research Part A.Oceanographic Research Papers,1992,39(5):805-823.
[19]SEOANE S,LAZA A,ORIVE E.Monitoring phytoplankton assemblages in estuarine waters:the application of pigment analysis and microscopy to size-fractionated samples[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2006,67(3):343-354.
[20]TAMIGNEAUX E,LEGENDRE L,KLEIN B,et al.Seasonal dynamics and potential fate of size-fractionated phytoplankton in a temperate nearshore environment(Western Gulf of St Lawrence,Canada)[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,1999,48(2):253-269.
[21]CERMENO P,MARANON E,PEREZ V,et al.Phytoplankton size structure and primary production in a highly dynamic coastal ecosystem(Ría de Vigo,NW-Spain):Seasonal and short-time scale variability[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2006,67(1/2):251-266.
[22]蔡昱明,宁修仁,刘子琳,等.莱州湾浮游植物粒径分级叶绿素a和初级生产力及新生产力[J].海洋科学集刊,2002(00):1-10.
[23]徐鑫,倪朝辉,李云峰,等.鸭绿江中下游、辽河、大凌河流域浮游植物比较研究[J].环境保护前沿,2014,4(1B):13-18.
[24]王俊,韦肖杭,姚伟忠,等.南太湖水体叶绿素a含量与氮磷浓度的关系[J].浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,2011,30(3):190-193,204.
[25]JUSTI C'D,RABALAIS N N,TURNER R E,et al.Changes in nutrient structure of river-dominated coastal waters:stoichiometric nutrient balance and its consequences[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,1995,40(3):339-356.
[26]SHEN Z L.Historical Changes in Nutrient Structure and its Influences on Phytoplantkon Composition in Jiaozhou Bay[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2001,52(2):211-224.