基于POD同工酶的青藏高原三江源区鹅观草属种质遗传多样性研究
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摘要
对采集自青藏高原三江源自然保护区的玉树鹅观草(Roegneria yushuensis)、短柄鹅观草(Roegneria brevipes Keng)、曲芒异芒草(Roegneria abolinii var.divaricans Nevski)、紫穂鹅观草(Roegneria purpurascens Keng)、毛穂鹅观草(Roegneria trichospicula)、肃草(Roegneria stricta Keng)等鹅观草属6个野生种10个居群进行过氧化物同工酶(POD)谱带特征分析,并以欧氏距离为遗传参数进行聚类分析,以揭示青藏高原三江源地区鹅观草属植物的遗传多样性,为鹅观草属野生牧草资源的开发利用和新品种选育提供理论依据。结果表明:青藏高原三江源地区鹅观草属植物遗传多样性丰富,不同种间POD同工酶酶谱特征及相似程度上均有一定差异,主要表现在酶带迁移率和酶带的活性上,据此可以区分不同种质的差异。同一物种的不同居群间酶谱既具有较稳定的相似性,有的具有细微差异。10份鹅观草属种质资源在相似系数为0.48的水平上可以聚为三类,大部分地理区域临近的种质材料可以聚类在一起。
The per oxidase isozyme for 10 populations of six wild species of Roegneria genus in the three river region of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, which were Roegneria yushuensis, R. brevipes Keng, R. abolinii var. divaricans Nevski, R. trichospicula, R. purpurascens Keng and R. stricta Keng were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method and duple wave scanning characteristics of POD isozyme, and heretic parametres were obtained using cluster analysis by eucledean distances. The results showed that the genetic diversity was quite rich in Roegneria genus in the three river region of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau; there were differences in POD zymograms of different R. species, as manifested by enzyme bands' amount, relative mobility and activity; the zymogram of the same species in different populations has a stable of similarity, while some have subtle differences. The clustering analysis showed that 10 germplasm resources of Roegneria could be classified into three major categories in the level with the similarity coefficient 0.48, and most of germplasm resources which were from nearing geographical regions could be clustered together.
The per oxidase isozyme for 10 populations of six wild species of Roegneria genus in the three river region of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, which were Roegneria yushuensis, R. brevipes Keng, R. abolinii var. divaricans Nevski, R. trichospicula, R. purpurascens Keng and R. stricta Keng were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method and duple wave scanning characteristics of POD isozyme, and heretic parametres were obtained using cluster analysis by eucledean distances. The results showed that the genetic diversity was quite rich in Roegneria genus in the three river region of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau; there were differences in POD zymograms of different R. species, as manifested by enzyme bands' amount, relative mobility and activity; the zymogram of the same species in different populations has a stable of similarity, while some have subtle differences. The clustering analysis showed that 10 germplasm resources of Roegneria could be classified into three major categories in the level with the similarity coefficient 0.48, and most of germplasm resources which were from nearing geographical regions could be clustered together.
引文
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Pei X.D.,ed.,1991,Multivariate statistical analysis methods and application,Chinese Agriculture Press,Beijing,China,pp455-473(裴鑫得,著,1991,多元统计分析及其应用,中国农业出版社,中国,北京,pp.455-473)
Wan Y.F.,Yan J.,and Yang J.L.,1997,Study on wild relatives of wheat for resistance to head scab,Zhiwu Bingli Xuebao(Acta phytopathologica Sinica),27(2):107-111(万永芳,颜济,杨俊良,1997,小麦近缘野生植物的赤霉病抗性研究植物病理学报,27(2):107-111)
Wang Z.R.,ed.,1996,Plant allozymes analysis,Science Press Beijing,China,pp.95-118(王中仁,著,1996,植物等位酶分析,科学出版社,中国,北京,pp.95-118)
Wei X.H.,Zhou Y.H.,Yang R.W.,Ding C.B.,Zhang L.,and Zhang H.Q.,2004,Study on esterase isozymes of three Roegneria(Poaceae:Triticeae)species and their accessions Sichuan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University),22(2):117-120(魏秀华,周永红,杨瑞武,丁春邦,张利,张海琴,2004,鹅观草属三个物种及其居群间的酯酶同工酶分析,四川农业大学学报,22(2)117-120)
Xiao S.,Zhang X.Q.,Ma X.,Zhang J.B.,Yi Y.J.,and Huang LK.,2008,Genetic diversity of gliadin in wild germplasm of Roegneria kamojib,Caoye Xuebao(Acta Prataculturae Sinica),17(5):138-144(肖苏,张新全,马啸,张建波,易杨杰黄林凯,2008,野生鹅观草种质的醇溶蛋白遗传多样性分析,草业学报,17(5):138-144)
Xiao H.J.,Xu Z.,Meng L.Q.,and Ma Y.B.,2009,Gliadin genetic diversity of Roegneria kamoji Ohwi,Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Bot Boreal Occident Sin),29(5):930-936(肖海峻,徐柱,孟利前,马玉宝,2009,鹅观草种质资源醇溶蛋白遗传多样性研究,西北植物学报,29(5):930-936)
Xu J.R.and Ye H.Z.,1998,Evaluation of wheat relatives for resistance to head blight of wheat,Sichuan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University),16(3):322-327(徐健容,叶华智,1998,小麦近缘种属对赤霉病菌的抗性评价,四川农业大学学报,16(3):322-327)
Yang R.W.,Zhou Y.H.,and Zheng Y.L.,2000,Comparison of morphology and esterase isozyme among type species of Elymus,Roegneria and Hystrix(Poaceae:Triticeae),Sichuan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University),18(4):291-295(杨瑞武,周永红,郑有良,2000,披碱草属,鹅观草属和猬草属模式种的形态学变异和酯酶同工酶分析,四川农业大学学报,18(4):291-295)
Zhao F.Q.,Zhang H.Q.,Sun Z.H.,Jiao Z.F.,Liu X.Y.,Chen W.H.,Chen G.Y.,and Zhou Y.H.,2016,Resistance of Roegneria kamoji(Poaceae:Triticeae)populations to stripe rust and powdery mildew,Caodi Xuebao(Acta Prataculturae Sinica),25(4):149-158(赵富强,张海琴,孙宗华,焦振飞,刘晓燕,陈韦寰,陈国跃,周永红,2016,鹅观草不同居群条锈病和白粉病抗性评价,草地学报,25(4):149-158)
Zhu X.C.,Zhang T.R.,and Wang B.W.,2004,Assessment and application of isozyme electrophoresis data,Ziran Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Nature),26(6):318-323(朱新产,张庭荣,王宝维,2004,同工酶电泳资料评估与应用,自然杂志,26(6):318-323)
Zou C.J.,Sheng X.F.,Han W.Q.,and Xu W.D.,2003,Isozyme analysis technology and its application in plant research,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),22(6):63-69(邹春静,盛晓峰,韩文卿,徐文铎,2003,同工酶分析技术及其在植物研究中的应用,生态学杂志,22(6):63-69)
Zhu G.H.,Xie X.M.,and Yang X.L.,1990,A comparative study on the esterase and peroxidase isozyme of Roegneria C.Koch and Elymus L.,Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica),10(1):43-53(朱光华,解新明,杨锡麟,1990,鹅观草属与披碱草属属界划分的酯酶和过氧化物酶同工酶比较研究,西北植物学报,10(1):43-53)
Cai L.B.,2002,Geographical distribution of Roegneria C.Koch(Poaceae),Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Botanica BorealiOccidentalia Sinica),22(4):913-923(蔡联炳,2002,鹅观草属的地理分布,西北植物学报,22(4):913-923)
Hu N.S.,and Wan X.G.,eds.,1985,The technique and application of isozyme,Scientific Technique Publishing Company of Hunan,Changsha,China,pp.102-105(胡能书,万贤国,编著,1985,同工酶技术及其应用,湖南科学技术出版社,中国,长沙,pp.102-105)
Liu F.,Sun Y.L.,Yan J.,and Yang J.L.,1992,Analysis on the esterase isozyme of tetraploid species in Roegneria Koch Sichuan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University),10(4):646-649(刘芳,孙根楼,颜济,杨俊良,1992,鹅观草属七个四倍体种的酯酶同工酶分析四川农业大学学报,10(4):646-649)
Li J.X.,Yun J.F.,Lu H.Y.,and Li G.R.,2005,Genetic diversity assessment of Agropyron cristatum germplasm resources based on isozyme analysis,Zhongguo Caodi(Grassland of China),27(6):34-38(李景欣,云锦凤,鲁洪艳,李国瑞2005,野生冰草种质资源同工酶遗传多样性分析与评价中国草地,27(6):34-38)
He X.Z.,and Zhang S.Z.,eds.,1999,Electrophoresis,Science Press,Beijing,China,pp.143-156(何效忠,张树政,编著1999,电泳,科学出版社,中国,北京,pp.143-156)
Pei X.D.,ed.,1991,Multivariate statistical analysis methods and application,Chinese Agriculture Press,Beijing,China,pp455-473(裴鑫得,著,1991,多元统计分析及其应用,中国农业出版社,中国,北京,pp.455-473)
Wan Y.F.,Yan J.,and Yang J.L.,1997,Study on wild relatives of wheat for resistance to head scab,Zhiwu Bingli Xuebao(Acta phytopathologica Sinica),27(2):107-111(万永芳,颜济,杨俊良,1997,小麦近缘野生植物的赤霉病抗性研究植物病理学报,27(2):107-111)
Wang Z.R.,ed.,1996,Plant allozymes analysis,Science Press Beijing,China,pp.95-118(王中仁,著,1996,植物等位酶分析,科学出版社,中国,北京,pp.95-118)
Wei X.H.,Zhou Y.H.,Yang R.W.,Ding C.B.,Zhang L.,and Zhang H.Q.,2004,Study on esterase isozymes of three Roegneria(Poaceae:Triticeae)species and their accessions Sichuan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University),22(2):117-120(魏秀华,周永红,杨瑞武,丁春邦,张利,张海琴,2004,鹅观草属三个物种及其居群间的酯酶同工酶分析,四川农业大学学报,22(2)117-120)
Xiao S.,Zhang X.Q.,Ma X.,Zhang J.B.,Yi Y.J.,and Huang LK.,2008,Genetic diversity of gliadin in wild germplasm of Roegneria kamojib,Caoye Xuebao(Acta Prataculturae Sinica),17(5):138-144(肖苏,张新全,马啸,张建波,易杨杰黄林凯,2008,野生鹅观草种质的醇溶蛋白遗传多样性分析,草业学报,17(5):138-144)
Xiao H.J.,Xu Z.,Meng L.Q.,and Ma Y.B.,2009,Gliadin genetic diversity of Roegneria kamoji Ohwi,Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Bot Boreal Occident Sin),29(5):930-936(肖海峻,徐柱,孟利前,马玉宝,2009,鹅观草种质资源醇溶蛋白遗传多样性研究,西北植物学报,29(5):930-936)
Xu J.R.and Ye H.Z.,1998,Evaluation of wheat relatives for resistance to head blight of wheat,Sichuan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University),16(3):322-327(徐健容,叶华智,1998,小麦近缘种属对赤霉病菌的抗性评价,四川农业大学学报,16(3):322-327)
Yang R.W.,Zhou Y.H.,and Zheng Y.L.,2000,Comparison of morphology and esterase isozyme among type species of Elymus,Roegneria and Hystrix(Poaceae:Triticeae),Sichuan Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University),18(4):291-295(杨瑞武,周永红,郑有良,2000,披碱草属,鹅观草属和猬草属模式种的形态学变异和酯酶同工酶分析,四川农业大学学报,18(4):291-295)
Zhao F.Q.,Zhang H.Q.,Sun Z.H.,Jiao Z.F.,Liu X.Y.,Chen W.H.,Chen G.Y.,and Zhou Y.H.,2016,Resistance of Roegneria kamoji(Poaceae:Triticeae)populations to stripe rust and powdery mildew,Caodi Xuebao(Acta Prataculturae Sinica),25(4):149-158(赵富强,张海琴,孙宗华,焦振飞,刘晓燕,陈韦寰,陈国跃,周永红,2016,鹅观草不同居群条锈病和白粉病抗性评价,草地学报,25(4):149-158)
Zhu X.C.,Zhang T.R.,and Wang B.W.,2004,Assessment and application of isozyme electrophoresis data,Ziran Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Nature),26(6):318-323(朱新产,张庭荣,王宝维,2004,同工酶电泳资料评估与应用,自然杂志,26(6):318-323)
Zou C.J.,Sheng X.F.,Han W.Q.,and Xu W.D.,2003,Isozyme analysis technology and its application in plant research,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),22(6):63-69(邹春静,盛晓峰,韩文卿,徐文铎,2003,同工酶分析技术及其在植物研究中的应用,生态学杂志,22(6):63-69)
Zhu G.H.,Xie X.M.,and Yang X.L.,1990,A comparative study on the esterase and peroxidase isozyme of Roegneria C.Koch and Elymus L.,Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica),10(1):43-53(朱光华,解新明,杨锡麟,1990,鹅观草属与披碱草属属界划分的酯酶和过氧化物酶同工酶比较研究,西北植物学报,10(1):43-53)