BC537探测器中γ射线的响应函数测量与蒙特卡罗模拟
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摘要
为了将氘化液闪探测器(BC537)测量的反冲电子谱转换为γ射线能谱,利用标准γ点源对BC537探测器的响应进行了测量并运用基于蒙特卡罗方法的Geant4程序计算了BC537探测器探测γ射线的响应函数。讨论了探测器建模中有无铝壳和入射γ射线束流半径对探测效率和响应函数的影响。对比模拟和实验测量的反冲电子谱,两者符合较好。利用模拟的响应函数和实验测量标准γ源Cs-137和Co-60以及AmBe源在BC537探测器中的反冲电子谱,经迭代法解谱得到了对应的标准γ射线能谱,验证了模拟参数的合理性以及该响应函数的实用性。
In order to unfold the measured recoil electron spectrum generated by gamma ray in a deuterated liquid scintillator,standard gamma sources were used to measure the y-ray response of BC537 detector and the y-ray response function for the BC537 detector was calculated by Geant4 codes which was based on the Monte-Carlo method.The effects of the aluminum container and the beam radius on the detection efficiency were investigated as a function of the beam energy by Geant4 simulation.The simulated response function shows a good agreement with the experimental data at different energies.With the response function and the recoil electron spectrum of three reference y-ray sources,an iterative unfolding algorithm was used to unfold the y-ray spectrum,and the results further verify the practicability of the simulated response function.
In order to unfold the measured recoil electron spectrum generated by gamma ray in a deuterated liquid scintillator,standard gamma sources were used to measure the y-ray response of BC537 detector and the y-ray response function for the BC537 detector was calculated by Geant4 codes which was based on the Monte-Carlo method.The effects of the aluminum container and the beam radius on the detection efficiency were investigated as a function of the beam energy by Geant4 simulation.The simulated response function shows a good agreement with the experimental data at different energies.With the response function and the recoil electron spectrum of three reference y-ray sources,an iterative unfolding algorithm was used to unfold the y-ray spectrum,and the results further verify the practicability of the simulated response function.
引文
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[2]Maekawa F,Ochiai K.Shibata K.et al.Benchmark experiment on silicon carbide with D-T neutrons and validation of nuclear data libraries[J].Fusion Engineering and Design,2001,58/59:595-600.
[3]Borella A,Aerts G,Gunsing F,et al.The use of C6D6 detectors for neutron induced capture cross-section measurements in the resonance region[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A,2007,577(3):626-640.
[4]Chen Xiaohui,Liu Rong,Zhu Tonghua,et al.Digital discrimination of neutrons and r-rays in a deuterated liquid scintillator using the Simplified Digital Charge Collection method[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A,2012,694(1):11-15.
[5]Gardner R P.A Monte Carlo simulation approach for generating Nal detector response functions(DRFs)that accounts for non-linearity and variable flat continua[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B,2004.213:87-99.
[6]Cecil R A.Anderson B D,Madey R.et al.Improved predictions of neutron detection efficiency for hydrocarbon scintillators from 1 MeV to about 300 MeV[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research,1979,161(3):439-447.
[7]Dietze G,Klein H.NRESP4 and NEFF4:Monte Carlo codes for the calculation of neutron response functions and detector efficiencies for NE213 scintillation detectors[R].PTB-ND-22,1982.
[8]Fasso A,Ferrari A,Ranfit J,et al.Fluka:A multi-particle transport code[R].CERN-2005-10.2005.
[9]Jenkins T M,Nelson WR,RindiA.etal.Monte Carlo transport of electrons and photons[M].New York:Plenum Press,1988:221-246.
[10]张信一,朱养妮,赵柱民,等.放射源辐射场蒙特卡罗模拟计算[J].强激光与粒子束,2013,25(1):223-226.(Zhang Xinyi,Zhu Yangni.Zhao Zhumin,et al.Simulation of dose around radioactive source by Monte Carlo method.High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2013,25(1):223-226)
[11]Breismeister J F.MCNP-A General Monte Carlo N-particle transport code[R].LA-13709-M,2000.
[12]Agostinelli S,Allison J,Yoshida H,et al.Geant4-a simulation toolkit[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A,2003,506(3):250-303.
[13]Pozzi S A,Padovani E,Marseguerra M.MCNP-PoliMi:A Monte-Carlo code for correlation measurements[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A,2003,513(3):550-558.
[14]Gohil M,Banerjee K,Bhattacharya S,et al.Measurement and simulation of neutron response function of organic liquid scintillator detector[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A,2012,664(1):304-309.
[15]Litaize O.Simulation of a NE213 y response function using an improved multi-parameter minimization procedure[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A,2007,580(1):98-101.
[16]Grujic S.Monte Carlo simulation of beta radiation response function for semiconductor Si detector[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A,2011,654(1):288-292.
[17]苏明.余波,宋天明.等.Geant4在惯性约束聚变内爆物理中的应用[J].强激光与粒子束.2013.25(8):2130-2136.(Su Ming,Yu Bo,Song Tianming,et al.Application of Geant4 toolkit to implosion physics for inertial confinement fusion experiments.High Po-wer Laser and Particat Beams.2013.25(8):2130-2136)
[18]程品晶.凌球.基于Geant4的NaI(TI)闪烁谱仪模拟[J].南华大学学报:自然科学版.2009.23(3):1-4.(Cheng Pinjing.Ling Qiu.Simulation of Nal(T1)scintillation spectrometer with Geant4 toolkit.Journal of University of South China:Science and Technology Edition,2009,23(3):1-4)
[19]Sharghi Ido A,Bonyadi M R,Etaati G R,et al.Unfolding the neutron spectrum of a NE213 scintillator using artificial neural networks[J].Applied Radiation and Isotopes,2009,67(10):1912-1918.
[20]The ROOT team.ROOT user's guide:An object-oriented data analysis framework[CP/OL].http://root.cern.ch/drupal.
[21]朱传新,陈渊,郭海萍,等.液体闪烁体探测器中子和γ射线测量研究[J].核电子学与探测技术,2005,25(6):789-791.(Zhu Chuanxin.Chen Yuan,Guo Haiping,et al.Study of calculation and correction method of detection efficiency of the volume source.Nuclear Electronics and Detection Technology,2005.25(6),789-791)