麦洼牦牛不同挤奶月份生乳理化指标和体细胞数比较研究
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摘要
为了探究麦洼牦牛不同月份下生乳理化指标和体细胞数的特征和变化规律,于阿坝州红原县选取了92头泌乳期的健康牦牛,收集乳样检测了体细胞数及脂肪、非乳脂固体、密度、蛋白质、乳糖、灰分和冰点7个理化指标,并进行了统计分析。结果表明:7、8和9月份牦牛乳脂肪和冰点无显著差异,而8月和9月份测定的非脂乳固体、密度、蛋白质、乳糖和灰分含量均与7月份测定值差异显著(P<0.05);体细胞数由20万~50万个/m L上升至50万~100万个/m L时,非脂乳固体、密度、蛋白质、乳糖和灰分几个指标显著减少(P<0.01),冰点显著上升(P<0.05);测定的生乳各项理化指标含量均符合"GB19370-2010"生乳安全标准。
In order to explore the characteristics and variation patterns of different milking months on the physicochemical parameters and somatic cell counts in Maiwa yak, we selected a total of 92 health yaks which in lactation period and measured somatic cell number and a toal of 7 milk component indexes such as fat, non-dairy solid, density, protein, lactose, ash and freezing point, then carried out relevant statistical analysis. The results showed that the fat content and freezing point of yak milk was no significant difference among July, August and September, and the content of SNF, density, protein, lactose and ash in August and September was significantly differ with July(P<0.05). Besids, we also found that the SNF, density, protein, lactose and ash was significantly reduced(P<0.01) when somatic cell count from 0.2~0.5 million/m L rise to 0.5~1 million/m L, while the freezing point was significantly increased(P<0.05). All the physicochemical indexes of raw milk were in accordance with "GB 19370-2010".
In order to explore the characteristics and variation patterns of different milking months on the physicochemical parameters and somatic cell counts in Maiwa yak, we selected a total of 92 health yaks which in lactation period and measured somatic cell number and a toal of 7 milk component indexes such as fat, non-dairy solid, density, protein, lactose, ash and freezing point, then carried out relevant statistical analysis. The results showed that the fat content and freezing point of yak milk was no significant difference among July, August and September, and the content of SNF, density, protein, lactose and ash in August and September was significantly differ with July(P<0.05). Besids, we also found that the SNF, density, protein, lactose and ash was significantly reduced(P<0.01) when somatic cell count from 0.2~0.5 million/m L rise to 0.5~1 million/m L, while the freezing point was significantly increased(P<0.05). All the physicochemical indexes of raw milk were in accordance with "GB 19370-2010".
引文
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[2]海汀,柴志欣,钟金城.麦洼牦牛GH、GHR、GHSR基因的SNPs检测及其与体尺性状的关联分析[J].畜牧兽医学报,2017,48(4):605-617.
[3]李小旭,刘侃,张小琴,等.牦牛隐性乳房炎病原菌的分离及鉴定[J].四川畜牧兽医,2017,44(3):36-38.
[4]中华人民共和国农业部等.GB/T 24865-2010麦洼牦牛[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.
[5]席斌,高雅琴,郭天芬,等.天祝白牦牛乳与甘南牦牛乳理化性质比较[J].湖北农业科学,2017,56(18):3511-3514.
[6]于莉,罗章,孟云,等.西藏地区牦牛乳理化和微生物指标的检测分析[J].中国乳品工业,2006,34(9):8-11.
[7]Ishikawa H,Shimizu T,Hirano H,et al.Protein Composition of Whey from Subclinical Mastitis and Effect of Treatment with Levamisole[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1982,65(4):653-658.
[8]杨丽杰,侯俊财,霍贵成,等.奶牛隐性乳房炎对产奶量、乳成分和奶中物理指标的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2003,12:17-18.
[9]张慧林,余文文,刘小林,等.牛乳中体细胞数与产奶量和乳成分的相关分析[J].西北农业学报,2010,19(4):1-4.
[10]张峥臻,张瑞华,张克春.上海地区奶牛场牛奶体细胞数与产奶量及乳成分关系的研究[J].中国奶牛,2014,6:49-52.
[11]邓慧芳,韦昱,杜玉兰,等.奶水牛乳中体细胞数与乳成分的相关分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2013,40(6):241-244.