有氧能力关联基因多态与技巧类滑雪运动员跨项选材
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摘要
目的:研究优秀技巧类滑雪运动员中4个有氧能力关联多态基因ACE、GLUT4、ADRB2和PPARGC1A的分布频率,及基于4个优势等位基因的基因型总分(TGS),探索上述多态基因与TGS作为我国优秀技巧类滑雪运动员跨项选材分子标记的可行性。方法:应用基质辅助激光解吸附电离飞行时间质谱检测技术,对68名中国北方汉族优秀技巧类滑雪运动员与138名中国北方汉族普通大学生ACE基因rs4340位点、GLUT4基因rs5418位点、ADRB2基因rs1042713位点和PPARGC1A基因rs8192678位点进行解析。计算并比较运动员与对照组在上述4个位点的TGS。结果:在上述4个多态位点,运动员与对照组间的基因型和等位基因频率无显著性差异(P>0.05);两组人在携带的优势等位基因数量、TGS分值范围、平均TGS分值及TGS分值的分布频率上也均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:ACE基因rs4340位点、GLUT4基因rs5418位点、ADRB2基因rs1042713位点、PPARGC1A基因rs8192678位点多态性和基于上述4个位点的TGS均无法作为中国北方汉族技巧类滑雪运动员的有氧能力跨项分子选材标记。
The objective of this research was to study the frequency distribution of 4 aerobic performance-related polymorphisms of ACE, GLUT4, ADRB2 and PPARGC1A genes and the TGS in elite Chinese skill-dominated skiing athletes, so to explore the validity of whether these loci and the TGS can be used as genetic mark for the talent transfer of the elite Chinese skill-dominated skiing athletes. Four SNPs(rs4340 in ACE gene regions, rs5418 in GLUT4 gene regions, rs1042713 in ADRB2 gene regions and rs8192678 in PPARGC1A gene regions) were selected. The genotypes of the 68 elite skill-dominated skiing athletes and 138 college students from northern China were analyzed using the matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation-time of flight mass spectrometry method(MALDI-TOF). Total genotype score(TGS) based on the 4 SNPs were calculated and compared between the athletes and control groups. Results showed that there were no significant differences of the 4 loci in the 4 genes between the athletes and the control groups(P>0.05), nor significant differences of the advantage allele numbers, TGS range, average TGS and the TGS frequency distribution were found in the groups of control and athletes(P<0.05). It could be concluded that the SNP rs4340 of ACE gene, the SNP rs5418 of GLUT4 gene,the SNP rs1042713 of ADRB2 gene and SNPrs8192678 of PPARGC1 A gene alone,as well as the TGS based on these 4 SNPs could not be used as the genetic marks for the talent transfer of elite skill-dominated skiing athletes.
The objective of this research was to study the frequency distribution of 4 aerobic performance-related polymorphisms of ACE, GLUT4, ADRB2 and PPARGC1A genes and the TGS in elite Chinese skill-dominated skiing athletes, so to explore the validity of whether these loci and the TGS can be used as genetic mark for the talent transfer of the elite Chinese skill-dominated skiing athletes. Four SNPs(rs4340 in ACE gene regions, rs5418 in GLUT4 gene regions, rs1042713 in ADRB2 gene regions and rs8192678 in PPARGC1A gene regions) were selected. The genotypes of the 68 elite skill-dominated skiing athletes and 138 college students from northern China were analyzed using the matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation-time of flight mass spectrometry method(MALDI-TOF). Total genotype score(TGS) based on the 4 SNPs were calculated and compared between the athletes and control groups. Results showed that there were no significant differences of the 4 loci in the 4 genes between the athletes and the control groups(P>0.05), nor significant differences of the advantage allele numbers, TGS range, average TGS and the TGS frequency distribution were found in the groups of control and athletes(P<0.05). It could be concluded that the SNP rs4340 of ACE gene, the SNP rs5418 of GLUT4 gene,the SNP rs1042713 of ADRB2 gene and SNPrs8192678 of PPARGC1 A gene alone,as well as the TGS based on these 4 SNPs could not be used as the genetic marks for the talent transfer of elite skill-dominated skiing athletes.
引文
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[24] Xia XH,Hu Y,Xu L,et al.A functional promoter polymorphism of SLC2A4 is associated with aerobic endurance in a Chinese population[J].European Journal of Sport Science,2014,14(1):53-59.
[25] 李燕春,杨贤罡,龚丽景,等.中国中长距离游泳运动员葡萄糖转运蛋白4基因多态性关联研究[J].北京体育大学学报,2016,39(5):37-40.
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[28] Ruiz JR,Arteta D,Buxens A,et al.Can we identify a powe roriented polygenic profile[J].J Appl Physiol,2010,108:561-566.
[29] Ahmetov II,Egorova ES,Gabdrakhmanova LJ,et al.Genes and Athletic Performance:An Update[J].Med Sport Sci,2016,61:41-54.
[2] 周文婷.运动能力的遗传学研究进展,遗传,2014,36(4):301-308.
[3] 张漓,李燕春,衣龙彦,等.从EDN1、NOS2A基因筛选预测HiHiLo训练效果的分子标记.体育科学,2012,32(4):41-52.
[4] Twitchett EA,Angioi M,Koutedakis Y,et al.Do increases in selected fitness parameters affect the aesthetic aspects of classical ballet performance?[J].Med Probl Perform Art,2011,26(1):35-38.
[5] Kikuchi N,Nakazato K.Effective utilization of genetic information for athletes and coaches:focus on ACTN3 R577X polymorphism.J Exerc Nutrition Biochem[J].2015,19(3):157-164.
[6] Twitchett EA,Koutedakis Y,Wyon MA.Physiological fitness and professional classical ballet performance:a brief review.J Strength Cond Res[J].2009,23(9):2732-2740.
[7] MacArthur DG,Seto JT,Raftery JM,et al.Loss of ACTN3 gene function alters mouse muscle metabolism and shows evidence of positive selection in humans.Nat Genet[J].2007,39(10):1261-1265.
[8] 周文婷.心肺健康特征指标有氧耐力训练效果的遗传预测标记研究进展,天津体育学院学报,2014,29(3):264-267.
[9] Morin-Moncet O,Beaumont V,de Beaumont L,et al.BDNF Val66Met polymorphism is associated with abnormal interhemispheric transfer of a newly acquired motor skill.J Neurophysiol[J].2014,111(10):2094-102.
[10] Noohi F,Boyden NB,Kwak Y,et al.Association of COMT val158met and DRD2 G>T genetic polymorphisms with individual differences in motor learning and performance in female young adults.J Neurophysiol[J].2014,111(3):628-640.
[11] 周文婷,李万哲,李兴洋.我国单板U型场地滑雪优秀运动员年度训练负荷结构研究[J].北京体育大学学报,2014,37(4):113-117+123.
[12] 周文婷.平昌冬奥会自由式滑雪空中技巧女运动员赛场表现及动作难度、难度战术发展趋势研究,哈尔滨体育学院学报[J].2018,36(4):11-16.
[13] Jacob Y,Spiteri T,Hart NH,et al.The Potential Role of Genetic Markers in Talent Identification and Athlete Assessment in Elite Sport.Sports (Basel)[J].2018,6(3).
[14] Wang G,Padmanabhan S,Wolfarth B,et al.Genomics of elite sporting performance:what little we know and necessary advances.Adv Genet[J].2013,84:123-49.
[15] 魏琦,范家成,杜亚雯.四种基因位点多态性与运动员耐力表型的关联[J].中国组织工程研究,2018,22(16):2508-2513.
[16] 罗齐军,刘紫荆,肖驰,等.ADRB2基因A46G多态性与运动耐力相关性分析,河北体育学院学报,2012,26(2):80-82.
[17] 周文婷,胡扬.我国优秀长跑运动员TSHR基因多态性分析,北京体育大学学报[J].2012,35(12):49-52.
[18] Williams AG,Folland JP.Similarity of polygenic profiles limits the potential for elite human physical performance[J].J Physiol,2008,586:113-121.
[19] Georgiades E,Klissouras V,Baulch J,et al.Why nature prevails over nurture in the making of the elite athlete[J].BMC Genomics,2017,18(Suppl 8):835.
[20] Antero J,Saulière G,Marck A,et al.A Medal in the Olympics Runs in the Family:A Cohort Study of Performance Heritability in the Games History[J].Front Physiol,2018,9:1313.
[21] Macnamara BN,Hambrick DZ,Oswald FL.Deliberate practice and performance in music,games,sports,education,and professions:a meta-analysis[J].Psychol Sci,2014,25(8):1608-1618.
[22] Gobet F,Campitelli G.The role of domain-specific practice,handedness,and starting age in chess[J].Dev Psychol,2007,43:159-72.
[23] Kim JH,Jung ES,Kim CH,et al.Genetic associations of body composition,flexibility and injury risk with ACE,ACTN3 and COL5A1 polymorphisms in Korean ballerinas[J].J Exerc Nutrition Biochem,2014,18(2):205-214.
[24] Xia XH,Hu Y,Xu L,et al.A functional promoter polymorphism of SLC2A4 is associated with aerobic endurance in a Chinese population[J].European Journal of Sport Science,2014,14(1):53-59.
[25] 李燕春,杨贤罡,龚丽景,等.中国中长距离游泳运动员葡萄糖转运蛋白4基因多态性关联研究[J].北京体育大学学报,2016,39(5):37-40.
[26] Yvert T,Miyamoto-Mikami E,Murakami H,et al.Lack of replication of associations between multiple genetic polymorphisms and endurance athlete status in Japanese population[J].Physiol Rep,2016,4(20).pii:e13003.
[27] Pickering C,Kiely J,Suraci B,et al.The magnitude of Yo-Yo test improvements following an aerobic training intervention are associated with total genotype score[J].PLoS One.2018,13(11):e0207597.
[28] Ruiz JR,Arteta D,Buxens A,et al.Can we identify a powe roriented polygenic profile[J].J Appl Physiol,2010,108:561-566.
[29] Ahmetov II,Egorova ES,Gabdrakhmanova LJ,et al.Genes and Athletic Performance:An Update[J].Med Sport Sci,2016,61:41-54.