氮磷钾配比施肥对浙江润楠幼苗生长及生理的影响
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摘要
通过盆栽试验法和L9(34)正交试验设计法,以一年生浙江润楠幼苗为研究对象,探讨氮磷钾配比施肥对浙江润楠幼苗生长及生理的影响。结果表明:试验处理组A8(N3P2K1)是苗高生长量和地径生长量最大的组别,幼苗总生物量由大到小的排序为A8>A3>A4>A7>A2>A9>A5>A1>CK>A6,干重根冠比值最大是CK,最小是A9,各施肥组幼苗的单位叶面积较CK显著增加,平均增量为68.57 cm~2,试验组各种叶绿素含量与CK均有显著差异,叶绿素a最大值A2为1.94 mg·g~(-1),叶绿素b最大值A7为0.62 mg·g~(-1),类胡萝卜素最大值A5为2.79 mg·g~(-1),叶绿素总量最大值A8为2.52mg·g~(-1)。比较不同配比施肥与生长指标的关系可知,氮肥、磷肥、钾肥与生长指标为正相关。通过综合评价可知,本试验中的A8为促进浙江润楠幼苗生长指标的最优组别,施肥量为N:750 mg·株~(-1)、P:90 mg·株~(-1)、K:240 mg·株~(-1)。
Using pot experiment and L9(34) orthogonal test design method,taking the annual seedlings of Machilus chekiangensis as the research object,the effects of NPK fertilization on the growth and physiology of M.chekiangensis seedlings were discussed.The results showed that the experimental treatment group A8(N3P2K1) was the group with the highest seedling growth and ground diameter growth.The total biomass of seedlings is ranked as A8>A3>A4>A7>A2>A9>A5>A1>CK>A6,from large to small.The ratio of dry weight to root crown is CK,and the minimum is A9.The leaf area per seedling of each fertilization group increased significantly compared with CK,with an average increment of 68.57 cm~2.The chlorophyll content of the test group was significantly different from that of CK.The maximum chlorophyll a A2 was 1.94 mg·g~(-1),the maximum chlorophyll b A7 was 0.62 mg·g~(-1),the maximum carotenoid A5 was 2.79 mg·g~(-1),and the maximum chlorophyll A8 was 2.52 mg·g~(-1).Comparing the relationship between different ratios of fertilization and growth indicators,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were positively correlated with growth indicators.Through comprehensive evaluation,A8 in this experiment is the best group to promote the growth index of seedlings of M.chekiangensis.The amount of fertilizer applied was N:750 mg per plant,P:90 mg per plant,K:240 mg per plant.
Using pot experiment and L9(34) orthogonal test design method,taking the annual seedlings of Machilus chekiangensis as the research object,the effects of NPK fertilization on the growth and physiology of M.chekiangensis seedlings were discussed.The results showed that the experimental treatment group A8(N3P2K1) was the group with the highest seedling growth and ground diameter growth.The total biomass of seedlings is ranked as A8>A3>A4>A7>A2>A9>A5>A1>CK>A6,from large to small.The ratio of dry weight to root crown is CK,and the minimum is A9.The leaf area per seedling of each fertilization group increased significantly compared with CK,with an average increment of 68.57 cm~2.The chlorophyll content of the test group was significantly different from that of CK.The maximum chlorophyll a A2 was 1.94 mg·g~(-1),the maximum chlorophyll b A7 was 0.62 mg·g~(-1),the maximum carotenoid A5 was 2.79 mg·g~(-1),and the maximum chlorophyll A8 was 2.52 mg·g~(-1).Comparing the relationship between different ratios of fertilization and growth indicators,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were positively correlated with growth indicators.Through comprehensive evaluation,A8 in this experiment is the best group to promote the growth index of seedlings of M.chekiangensis.The amount of fertilizer applied was N:750 mg per plant,P:90 mg per plant,K:240 mg per plant.
引文
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[23]吴国欣,王凌晖,梁惠萍,等.氮磷钾配比施肥对降香黄檀苗木生长及生理的影响[J].浙江农林大学学报,2012,29(2):296-300.
[2]庄雪影.香港润楠属植物的分类研究[J].广西植物,1997(4):4-7.
[3]Li HW,Li J,Huang PH et al,.Lauraceae[A].In:Wu ZY,Raven PH,Hong DY(eds.).Flora of China Volume 7[M].Beijing:Science Press,and St.Louis:Missouri Botanical Garden Press,2008,102-254.
[4]赵忠.林学概论[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2008:12-18.
[5]黄复兴.盆栽香樟细根对施肥的响应[D].成都:四川农业大学,2014.
[6]杜娟,卢昌泰.楠木人工林生长规律的研究[J].浙江林业科技,2009,29(5):9-12.
[7]何灿鸾,文桂喜,李晓铁.楠木容器育苗新技术[J].中国林副特产,2014(2):39-41.
[8]林雄平,彭彪,黄仁晓,等.优良菌用树种浙江润楠的育苗造林技术[J].宁德师专学报(自然科学版),2011,23(2):116-117,121.
[9]田惠萍.氮、磷、钾配比施肥对玉米产量的影响[J].宁夏农林科技,2013,54(2):24-26.
[10]罗金环,张孟锦,杨志娟,等.氮、磷、钾不同配比施肥对蝴蝶兰营养生长及开花的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2012(22):31-33.
[11]贾贤,黄秋生,刘光华,等.我国楠木资源的研究现状[J].中国园艺文摘,2014(10):55-59.
[12]李云雁,胡传荣.试验设计与数据处理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2009:22-36.
[13]高建昌,郭广君,国艳梅,等.平台扫描仪结合ImageJ软件测定番茄叶面积[J].中国蔬菜,2011,1(2):73-77.
[14]张治安,陈展宇.植物生理学试验技术[M].长春:吉林大学出版社,2008:5-48.
[15]胡厚臻,侯文娟,潘启龙,等.配方施肥对刨花润楠幼苗生长和光合生理的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(6):39-45.
[16]周维.氮磷钾配比施肥对格木幼苗生长及光合特性影响的研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2016.
[17]沙海宁,孙权,李建设,等.不同施氮量对设施番茄生长与产量的影响及最佳用量[J].西北农业学报,2010,19(3):104-108.
[18]冯岑.氮磷钾配比施肥对台湾桤木生理及光合特性影响[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2009.
[19]宇万太,于永强.植物地下生物量研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2001,12(6):927-932.
[20]陆秀君,葛根塔娜,梅梅,等.N、P、K配比施肥对美国红枫幼苗生长及叶色变化的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015(5):9-15.
[21]何友军,刘友全,李少锋,等.配方施肥对椿叶花椒苗木生长和生理指标的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版),2008,28(5):42-46.
[22]朱根海,张荣铣.叶片含氮量与光合作用[J].植物生理学报,1985(2):11-14.
[23]吴国欣,王凌晖,梁惠萍,等.氮磷钾配比施肥对降香黄檀苗木生长及生理的影响[J].浙江农林大学学报,2012,29(2):296-300.