2011-2017年湘西自治州麻疹流行病学特征分析
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摘要
目的分析2011-2017年湘西自治州麻疹流行病学特征。方法通过中国麻疹信息报告管理系统收集湘西自治州麻疹病例个案的调查数据,采用描述性流行病学方法分析。结果 2011-2017年湘西自治州共报告麻疹病例288例,年均发病率1.58/10万;麻疹发病以3-6月为发病高峰期;病例以5岁内小年龄的散居儿童为主(85.07%),尤其以2岁内居多,<8月龄内儿童及20岁以上成人也占较大比例(35.42%);男女性别比为1.72∶1;72.83%的8月龄～14岁发病者为含麻疹成分疫苗(MCV)免疫史无或不详;61.27%的病例出疹前7～21 d有医疗机构就诊或住院史。结论湘西自治州麻疹发病率呈低发态势,需提高适龄儿童MCV接种率和及时接种率,加强监测和有效处置麻疹疫情,严防院内交叉感染,最终达到消除麻疹目标。
Objective To analyze epidemiological features of measles in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from2011 to 2017. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze confirmed measles cases collected through the Measles Surveillance Information Reporting Management System from 2011 to 2017. Results A total of 288 measles cases were reported from 2011 to 2017 for an average annual incidence of 1.58/105 opulation. The incidence peaked of measles was from March to June. The majority of cases were scattered children of within 5 years of age(85.07%). Especially within 2 years of age. Children younger than 8 months old and adults older than 20 years old also accounted for a large proportion(35.42%). The male to female ratio was 1.72∶1.72. 83% of patients aged 8 months to 14 years had no or not received measles containing vaccine(MCV). 61.27% of patients had a medical or hospitalization history between 7 and 21 days prior to A rash.Conclusion The incidence of measles during 2011-2017 showed a low status in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous prefecture. We should increase MCV coverage and timely vaccination among age-eligible children. Strengthen measles surveillance and response to measles outbreaks. To strictly prevent cross infection in the hospital. Finally achieve the measles elimination goal.
Objective To analyze epidemiological features of measles in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from2011 to 2017. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze confirmed measles cases collected through the Measles Surveillance Information Reporting Management System from 2011 to 2017. Results A total of 288 measles cases were reported from 2011 to 2017 for an average annual incidence of 1.58/105 opulation. The incidence peaked of measles was from March to June. The majority of cases were scattered children of within 5 years of age(85.07%). Especially within 2 years of age. Children younger than 8 months old and adults older than 20 years old also accounted for a large proportion(35.42%). The male to female ratio was 1.72∶1.72. 83% of patients aged 8 months to 14 years had no or not received measles containing vaccine(MCV). 61.27% of patients had a medical or hospitalization history between 7 and 21 days prior to A rash.Conclusion The incidence of measles during 2011-2017 showed a low status in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous prefecture. We should increase MCV coverage and timely vaccination among age-eligible children. Strengthen measles surveillance and response to measles outbreaks. To strictly prevent cross infection in the hospital. Finally achieve the measles elimination goal.
引文
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[5]苏琪茹,赫利新,马超,等.中国2015-2016年麻疹流行病学特征分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2018,24(2):146-151.
[6]马瑞,许国章,徐宏杰,等.小月龄婴儿麻疹母传抗体消长研究[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2008,14(3):226-228.
[7]陆龙,曹毅敏,杨琼英,等.小月龄婴儿母传麻疹抗体水平动态变化的纵向研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(5):663-667.
[8]李万仓,魏晶娇,王志刚,等.温州市7岁以下儿童麻疹发病及影响因素研究[J].预防医学,2017,29(5):464-467.
[9]许燕,刘元宝,孙翔,等.江苏省2010-2016年麻疹流行病学特征分析[J].江苏预防医学,2017,28(6):662-664.
[10]汪曦,金宝芳,王烨,等.2010-2015年上海市闵行区麻疹流行病学特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(3):525-528, 532.
[11]喻文雅,李怡秋,闫玉英,等.2007-2016年石家庄市麻疹时空分布特征及影响因素探索[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(17):3073-3076.
[12]林茜,周令,王旭阳.大连市8月龄-2岁儿童麻疹发病特征及影响因素分析[J].预防医学,2018,30(6):636-638.
[2]马超,郝利新,苏琪茹,等.中国2011年麻疹流行病学特征与消除麻疹进展[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2012,18(3):193-199.
[3]马超,苏琪茹,郝利新,等.中国2012~2013年麻疹流行病学特征与消除麻疹进展[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2014,20(3):193-199,209.
[4]马超,郝利新,苏琪茹,等.中国2014年麻疹流行病学特征分析[J].疾病监测,2015,30(10):818-823.
[5]苏琪茹,赫利新,马超,等.中国2015-2016年麻疹流行病学特征分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2018,24(2):146-151.
[6]马瑞,许国章,徐宏杰,等.小月龄婴儿麻疹母传抗体消长研究[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2008,14(3):226-228.
[7]陆龙,曹毅敏,杨琼英,等.小月龄婴儿母传麻疹抗体水平动态变化的纵向研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(5):663-667.
[8]李万仓,魏晶娇,王志刚,等.温州市7岁以下儿童麻疹发病及影响因素研究[J].预防医学,2017,29(5):464-467.
[9]许燕,刘元宝,孙翔,等.江苏省2010-2016年麻疹流行病学特征分析[J].江苏预防医学,2017,28(6):662-664.
[10]汪曦,金宝芳,王烨,等.2010-2015年上海市闵行区麻疹流行病学特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(3):525-528, 532.
[11]喻文雅,李怡秋,闫玉英,等.2007-2016年石家庄市麻疹时空分布特征及影响因素探索[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(17):3073-3076.
[12]林茜,周令,王旭阳.大连市8月龄-2岁儿童麻疹发病特征及影响因素分析[J].预防医学,2018,30(6):636-638.