河北省玉田县2014-2016年麻疹病例流行病学特征及麻疹消除措施分析
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摘要
目的分析玉田县麻疹流行病学特征,为制定消除麻疹策略提供依据。方法利用描述流行病学的方法对专病报告系统报告的麻疹病例以及采取的消除麻疹策略和措施进行分析。结果玉田县2014-2016年累计报告麻疹病例66例,主要集中在1～5月,非免疫人群为主要发病群体,<1岁组发病率最高,平均109.96/10万(29/26 373);20～岁组病例数最多,占病例总数的50.00%(33/66)。结论继续加强麻疹类疫苗常规免疫接种,提高麻疹监测系统灵敏度,适时开展重点人群麻疹类疫苗选择性接种工作,是控制麻疹疫情、及早消除麻疹的关键措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles,and to provide basis for formulating the measles elimination strategies in Yutian County.Methods The epidemiological methods were used to analyze the measles cases reported by the special disease reporting system and the measles elimination strategies and measures adopted.Results A total of 66 cases of measles were reported from 2014 to 2016,mainly from January to May.The non-immune population was the main disease group,and the incidence was highest in the < 1 year old group,with an average of 109.96/100 000(29/26 373).The number of cases in the age of 20 was the highest,accounting for 50.00% of the total(33/66).Conclusion Continuing to the strengthen routine immunization of measles vaccines,maintaining a high sensitivity of measles surveillance system,and carrying out selective vaccination of measles in key population timely are key measures to control measles outbreak and eliminate measles at an early stage.
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles,and to provide basis for formulating the measles elimination strategies in Yutian County.Methods The epidemiological methods were used to analyze the measles cases reported by the special disease reporting system and the measles elimination strategies and measures adopted.Results A total of 66 cases of measles were reported from 2014 to 2016,mainly from January to May.The non-immune population was the main disease group,and the incidence was highest in the < 1 year old group,with an average of 109.96/100 000(29/26 373).The number of cases in the age of 20 was the highest,accounting for 50.00% of the total(33/66).Conclusion Continuing to the strengthen routine immunization of measles vaccines,maintaining a high sensitivity of measles surveillance system,and carrying out selective vaccination of measles in key population timely are key measures to control measles outbreak and eliminate measles at an early stage.
引文
[1]马超,罗会明,李黎,等.世界卫生组织各区域和部分国家的消除麻疹免疫策略[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2014,20(3):254-263.
[2]何寒青,陈恩富,李倩,等.浙江省成年人麻疹分布特征和危险因素研究[J].疾病监测,2011,26(5):1163-1165.
[3]马超,苏琪茹,郝利新,等.中国2012-2013年麻疹流行病学特征与消除麻疹进展[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2014,20(3):193-199.
[4]迮文远.计划免疫学[M].2版.上海:上海科学技术文献出版社,2001:359-370.
[5]马瑞,许国章,董红军,等.宁波市母婴麻疹抗体水平及相互关系[J].中国公共卫生,2008,24(6):747-748.
[6]徐奋奋,蔡颖,裘立晓,等.母婴麻疹抗体46对检测结果分析[J].上海预防医学,2009,21(8):365-366.
[7]GAY NJ.The theory of measles elimination:implications for the desin of elimination straegies[J].J Infect Dis,2004,189(S1):27-35.
[8]国家卫生和计划生育委员会办公厅.关于进一步加强麻疹监测工作的通知.2013-12-09.
[9]苏琪茹,徐爱强,STREBEL P,等.中国消除麻疹的关键技术问题:专家解读共识[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2014,20(3):264-270.
[10]陈恩富,何寒青,李倩,等.浙江省2008年麻疹流行因素的病例对照研究[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2010,16(1):11-14.
[11]GAO J,CHEN E,WANG Z,et al.Epide_mic of measles following zhe nationwide mass Immunization campaign[J].BMC Infectious Disea_Se,2013,13(1):139.
[12]MARSHALL TM,HLATSWAYO D,SCHOUB B.Nosocomial outbreaksa potential threat to the elimination of measles[J].J Infect Dis,2003,187(S1):97-101.
[13]严睿,何寒青,陈恩富,等.浙江省2011年麻疹流行病学特征分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2014,20(4):328-323.
[14]朱鑫,谢清梅,任蕴慧,等.一起医院内暴露导致的麻疹爆发疫情分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2008,14(5):398-402.
[15]刘东磊,孙美平,侯文俊,等.北京市≤2岁麻疹病例发病危险因素研究[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2007,13(5):437-439.
[16]任素琴.一起医院内感染引起麻疹爆发的调查报告[J].河南预防医学杂志,2009,20(2):131.
[17]REMINGTON PL,HALL WN,DAVIS IH,et al.Airborne transmission of measles in a physician's office[J].JAMA,1985,253(11):1574-1577.
[18]CHEN SY,ANDERSON S,KUTTY PK,et al.Health care-associated measles outbreak in the Unite States after an importation:challenges ang economic impact[J].J Infect Dis,2011,203(11):1517-1525.
[19]BIRON C,BEAUDOUX O,PONGE A,et al.Measles in the Nantes Teaching Hospital during the 2008-2009 epidemic[J].Med Mal Infect,2011,41(8):415-423.
[20]王莉霞,朱徐,王克安.全国2000年麻疹流行病学分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2001,7(6):326-329.
[2]何寒青,陈恩富,李倩,等.浙江省成年人麻疹分布特征和危险因素研究[J].疾病监测,2011,26(5):1163-1165.
[3]马超,苏琪茹,郝利新,等.中国2012-2013年麻疹流行病学特征与消除麻疹进展[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2014,20(3):193-199.
[4]迮文远.计划免疫学[M].2版.上海:上海科学技术文献出版社,2001:359-370.
[5]马瑞,许国章,董红军,等.宁波市母婴麻疹抗体水平及相互关系[J].中国公共卫生,2008,24(6):747-748.
[6]徐奋奋,蔡颖,裘立晓,等.母婴麻疹抗体46对检测结果分析[J].上海预防医学,2009,21(8):365-366.
[7]GAY NJ.The theory of measles elimination:implications for the desin of elimination straegies[J].J Infect Dis,2004,189(S1):27-35.
[8]国家卫生和计划生育委员会办公厅.关于进一步加强麻疹监测工作的通知.2013-12-09.
[9]苏琪茹,徐爱强,STREBEL P,等.中国消除麻疹的关键技术问题:专家解读共识[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2014,20(3):264-270.
[10]陈恩富,何寒青,李倩,等.浙江省2008年麻疹流行因素的病例对照研究[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2010,16(1):11-14.
[11]GAO J,CHEN E,WANG Z,et al.Epide_mic of measles following zhe nationwide mass Immunization campaign[J].BMC Infectious Disea_Se,2013,13(1):139.
[12]MARSHALL TM,HLATSWAYO D,SCHOUB B.Nosocomial outbreaksa potential threat to the elimination of measles[J].J Infect Dis,2003,187(S1):97-101.
[13]严睿,何寒青,陈恩富,等.浙江省2011年麻疹流行病学特征分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2014,20(4):328-323.
[14]朱鑫,谢清梅,任蕴慧,等.一起医院内暴露导致的麻疹爆发疫情分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2008,14(5):398-402.
[15]刘东磊,孙美平,侯文俊,等.北京市≤2岁麻疹病例发病危险因素研究[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2007,13(5):437-439.
[16]任素琴.一起医院内感染引起麻疹爆发的调查报告[J].河南预防医学杂志,2009,20(2):131.
[17]REMINGTON PL,HALL WN,DAVIS IH,et al.Airborne transmission of measles in a physician's office[J].JAMA,1985,253(11):1574-1577.
[18]CHEN SY,ANDERSON S,KUTTY PK,et al.Health care-associated measles outbreak in the Unite States after an importation:challenges ang economic impact[J].J Infect Dis,2011,203(11):1517-1525.
[19]BIRON C,BEAUDOUX O,PONGE A,et al.Measles in the Nantes Teaching Hospital during the 2008-2009 epidemic[J].Med Mal Infect,2011,41(8):415-423.
[20]王莉霞,朱徐,王克安.全国2000年麻疹流行病学分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2001,7(6):326-329.