云南省市级疾控中心卫生应急能力调查
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摘要
目的了解云南省市级疾控中心突发公共卫生事件应急能力现状,提高卫生应急综合工作能力。方法采用面对面调查和自填问卷两种形式对云南省16个市级疾控中心进行卫生应急能力调查,调查内容包括运行管理、监测预警、技术实施、物资储备和获取外援五个方面。使用Epidata 3.02软件完成数据录入与核查,用SPSS 17.0软件进行分析。结果云南省各市级疾控中心疾病监测、突发事件管理、现场调查与处置工作正逐步规范,但在人力资源、工作质量、队伍建设、应急经费与物资储备方面仍存在问题。目前16个市级疾控中心中有7个单位卫生应急人员数无法满足工作需要。突发事件报告完整率为67.6%,96.5%的突发急性传染病疫情和80.3%的食物中毒事件能够规范处置。应急工作经费逐年上升,但地区间分布不均匀,10个地区年平均经费低于15万元以下。各应急队伍均已储备物资,但有12个疾控中心装备不满足卫生应急救援队伍基本装备要求。结论云南省市级疾控中心卫生应急工作体系正逐步完善,但仍需进一步提高应急能力,争取外部资源。
Objective To understand the response capacity of public health emergency of municipal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention( CDCs) in Yunnan province and improve the comprehensive ability of health emergency response.Methods The survey was carried out for 16 municipal CDCs by face-to-face and self-administered questionnaire interview. The questionnaire was composed of 5 aspects: operation and management,surveillance and early warning,technology implement,material reserves,external resources acquirement seeking. The data were entered and checked by Epidata 3. 02 and analyzed by using of SPSS17. 0 software. Results Disease surveillance,emergency management,field investigation and response of CDCs were standardizing step by step,but some shortages still existed in human resources,quality of work,construction for personnel,emergency funds,and material reserves. Seven CDCs reported that the number of health response staffs couldn't satisfy operational need. The integrity rate of emergencies was 67. 6%,96. 5% of infectious diseases outbreak and 80. 3% of food poisoning event were deposed normatively. Although emergency responding fund had been raising every year,it wasn't balanced among different districts,10 CDCs' annual average funds were lower than 150 000 yuan. Every emergency responding team had stored materials,but 12 of them didn't reach the basic equipment requirement of health emergency responding and rescuing team. Conclusion The emergency response system of public health in municipal CDCs of Yunnan emergence is improving gradually. However,there is still a need to further improve the capacity for emergency response and to strive for getting more external resources.
Objective To understand the response capacity of public health emergency of municipal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention( CDCs) in Yunnan province and improve the comprehensive ability of health emergency response.Methods The survey was carried out for 16 municipal CDCs by face-to-face and self-administered questionnaire interview. The questionnaire was composed of 5 aspects: operation and management,surveillance and early warning,technology implement,material reserves,external resources acquirement seeking. The data were entered and checked by Epidata 3. 02 and analyzed by using of SPSS17. 0 software. Results Disease surveillance,emergency management,field investigation and response of CDCs were standardizing step by step,but some shortages still existed in human resources,quality of work,construction for personnel,emergency funds,and material reserves. Seven CDCs reported that the number of health response staffs couldn't satisfy operational need. The integrity rate of emergencies was 67. 6%,96. 5% of infectious diseases outbreak and 80. 3% of food poisoning event were deposed normatively. Although emergency responding fund had been raising every year,it wasn't balanced among different districts,10 CDCs' annual average funds were lower than 150 000 yuan. Every emergency responding team had stored materials,but 12 of them didn't reach the basic equipment requirement of health emergency responding and rescuing team. Conclusion The emergency response system of public health in municipal CDCs of Yunnan emergence is improving gradually. However,there is still a need to further improve the capacity for emergency response and to strive for getting more external resources.
引文
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[10]孙毅华,郝艳华,吴群红,等.黑龙江省基层卫生应急人员风险评估能力及影响因素研究[J].中国公共卫生管理,2013,29(3):316-319.
[11]吴振悦,吴群红,郝艳华,等.疾控机构现场流行病学调查技术薄弱环节分析[J].中国公共卫生,2013,29(5):635-638.
[12]张夏虹,刘翔宇,左素俊,等.山西省疾控机构卫生应急物资储备工作探讨[J].中国公共卫生管理,2015,31(6):813-814.
[13]李岐,张洋,李娜,等.吉林省疾控机构应急物资储备现况调查分析[J].中国卫生工程学,2013,12(4):304-306.
[14]王卫军.青海省疾病预防控制机构卫生应急工作现状调查研究[J].医学动物防制,2014,30(2):231-233.
[15]麻若鹏,金春林,宋耀军,等.我国突发公共卫生事件应急经费保障存在的问题及相关对策研究[J].海军医学杂志,2010,31(2):141-142.
[16]田源,李祥璐.疾病预防控制工作的现状与对策[J].中国公共卫生管理,2014,30(5):614-615.
[2]丰俊,夏志贵.2004-2013年中国疟疾发病情况及趋势分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2014,9(5):442-446.
[3]温宁,罗会明,汪海波,等.2011年新疆维吾尔自治区发生输入脊髓灰质炎疫情后对各省(自治区、直辖市)输入传播风险评估及应对的研究[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2013,19(3):193-198.
[4]王民生,韦凌娅,甄世祺,等.江苏省市级疾控机构突发公共卫生事件应急能力调查[J].江苏预防医学,2008,19(1):4-7.
[5]徐玉芳,徐学琴,周勇,等.河南省疾病控制机构突发公共卫生事件应急能力现状调查及分析[J].实用预防医学,2013,20(10):1202-1203.
[6]陈浩,王林.我国疾病预防控制中心管理运行机制现状调查[J].中国公共卫生管理,2013,29(1):27-29.
[7]秦明芳,陆林,程晓娟.云南省州(市)级疾病预防控制中心人力资源现状分析[J].卫生软科学,2014,28(2):87-89.
[8]刘德诚,陈发钦,周阳,等.广西市级疾控机构突发公共卫生事件应对能力现况调查[J].中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2012,7(9):803-806.
[9]郭彬,王鲁,徐凌忠,等.山东省各市级卫生行政机构应急能力调查[J].中华医院管理杂志,2015,31(5):381-383.
[10]孙毅华,郝艳华,吴群红,等.黑龙江省基层卫生应急人员风险评估能力及影响因素研究[J].中国公共卫生管理,2013,29(3):316-319.
[11]吴振悦,吴群红,郝艳华,等.疾控机构现场流行病学调查技术薄弱环节分析[J].中国公共卫生,2013,29(5):635-638.
[12]张夏虹,刘翔宇,左素俊,等.山西省疾控机构卫生应急物资储备工作探讨[J].中国公共卫生管理,2015,31(6):813-814.
[13]李岐,张洋,李娜,等.吉林省疾控机构应急物资储备现况调查分析[J].中国卫生工程学,2013,12(4):304-306.
[14]王卫军.青海省疾病预防控制机构卫生应急工作现状调查研究[J].医学动物防制,2014,30(2):231-233.
[15]麻若鹏,金春林,宋耀军,等.我国突发公共卫生事件应急经费保障存在的问题及相关对策研究[J].海军医学杂志,2010,31(2):141-142.
[16]田源,李祥璐.疾病预防控制工作的现状与对策[J].中国公共卫生管理,2014,30(5):614-615.