我国依港管船机制探究
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摘要
"依港管船"制度的提出是我国对渔船管理模式的探索和创新,也是贯彻落实党的十九大精神,推进海洋生态文明的重要举措。文章通过对"依港管船"制度内涵与外延的阐述,从"依港管船"制度的法理基础与现实需求角度入手,研究其合理性与必要性。并且对国外港口建设与船舶管理制度进行分析,总结出目前日本、美国、韩国、德国等国家实施"依港管船"制度的相似性及主要差异,为我国"依港管船"制度的完善与实施提供了参照。并给出了完善"依港管船"以及"渔港生态"立法;明晰渔港产权制度;强化渔船管理制度建设;建立主管部门驻港管理机制;实行部门执法联动等对策建议。
The proposal of"managing ships relying on port"is an exploration and innovation of China′s ship management model.It is also an important measure to implement the spirit of the19 th National Congress of CPC and promote marine ecological civilization.Through the elaboration of the connotation and extension of the"managing ships relying on port"system,the paper started from the perspective of the legal basis and realistic needs of the"managing ships relying on port"system,and studied its rationality and necessity.And a comparative analysis of foreign port construction and ship management system,summed up the similarities and differences between the current implementation of the"managing ships relying on port"system in Japan,the United States,South Korea,Germany and other countries.It provides reference for the improvement and implementation of China′s"managing ships relying on port"system,and provides suggestions of improvements in ship management and "port ecology"legislation;clarifies property rights system;strengthens ship management system construction;establishes management mech-anism for competent departments;implements departmental linkage,etc.
The proposal of"managing ships relying on port"is an exploration and innovation of China′s ship management model.It is also an important measure to implement the spirit of the19 th National Congress of CPC and promote marine ecological civilization.Through the elaboration of the connotation and extension of the"managing ships relying on port"system,the paper started from the perspective of the legal basis and realistic needs of the"managing ships relying on port"system,and studied its rationality and necessity.And a comparative analysis of foreign port construction and ship management system,summed up the similarities and differences between the current implementation of the"managing ships relying on port"system in Japan,the United States,South Korea,Germany and other countries.It provides reference for the improvement and implementation of China′s"managing ships relying on port"system,and provides suggestions of improvements in ship management and "port ecology"legislation;clarifies property rights system;strengthens ship management system construction;establishes management mech-anism for competent departments;implements departmental linkage,etc.
引文
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[2]褚振江.坚持陆海统筹建设海洋强国[EB/OL].(2018-01-08)[2019-06-15].http://ex.cssn.cn/jsx/ycjs_jsx/201801/t20180108_3806822.shtml.
[3]徐浩.船籍港管理存在的问题和对策[J].浙江海洋学院学报(自然科学版),2008(01):89-91.
[4]任玉清,姚杰,张飞成,等.安全检查表法在渔船救生设备安全评价中的应用[J].渔业现代化,2015,42(1):72-73.
[5]俞芝兰.“三无”船舶整治的法律思考[J].中国海事,2012(4):26.
[6]王勇.船员伤亡事故的案例分析和解读[J].上海法学研究集刊,2019,2:6.
[7]潘恒.国外港口管理体制比较[J].中国水运(学术版),2006(2):22-23.
[8]章进华.比较与借鉴:世界和中国港口管理体制[J].世界海运,2000(3):24-25.
[9]农业部渔业局船舶检验局办公室.德国人是怎样管船的[N].中国渔业报,2010-2-1(7).
[10]黄宛清.德国的航运及船舶检验管理(续一)[J].中国设备工程,2005(11):55.
[11]黄宛清.德国的航运及船舶检验管理(续二)[J].中国设备工程,2005(12):56-57.
[12]冷传慧,李强,李芳芳.日本渔船管理制度建设的考察[J].中国渔业经济,2011,29(2):58-59.
[13]孙颖士,李冬霄.日本、韩国的渔船保险制度及其对我国的启示[J].中国渔业经济,2003(1):48-49.
[14]禹良昊,金万红,金相九.海港城市港口治理制度:以韩国港湾公社制度为例[J].世界海运,2012,35(6):8.
[15]黄宛清.德国的航运及船舶检验管理(续一)[J].中国设备工程,2005(11):56.