宁南黄土丘陵26年生主要人工灌木林碳密度及其分配特征
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摘要
[目的]基于宁南黄土丘陵区26年生主要人工灌木林样地调查数据,分析林地碳密度及其分配规律,以期为该地区人工灌木林碳效益估算提供基础数据。[方法]在宁夏隆德县退耕还林实施区,选择26年生沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides)、柠条(Caragana korshinskii)和山毛桃(Prunus davidiana)灌木林设置样地,测算灌木层、草本层的生物量,并取0~100 cm土层土样,测定不同土层土壤体积质量,计算灌木层、草本层和土壤层的碳密度,分析3种灌木林各组分及土壤碳密度的变化。[结果]沙棘、柠条、山毛桃林地碳密度分别为56.30、74.20和117.44 t/hm2,其碳密度的空间分布格局基本一致,即土壤层碳密度所占比例最大,分别占84.10%、74.49%和84.82%;其次为灌木层,所占比例分别为15.03%、25.15%和15.00%;草本层所占比例最小,分别为0.78%、0.36%和0.17%。沙棘、柠条和山毛桃0~10 cm土层碳密度分别为50~100 cm土层碳密度的1.84、2.50和3.48倍。[结论]灌木层是植被碳密度的主体;土壤碳密度随土层深度的增加而下降;土壤碳库是林地碳密度的主体。
[Objective] Based on data obtained from a survey of sample plots of 26-year-old major shrub plantations,carbon density and their distribution patterns were analyzed,aiming at providing the basic data for estimation of carbon benefits of the plantations in Loess Plateau in south Ningxia. [Method] Based on shrub layer biomass,herb layer biomass,soil samples from 0-100 cm layers of plots,carbon density and its variation of each component of H. rhamnoides,C. korshinskii and P. davidiana shrub plantations in afforestation area of Longde country,Ningxia were quantified. [Result]The results showed that forest carbon density of Hippophae rhamnoides,Caragana korshinskii and Prunus davidiana were 56. 30,74. 20 and 117. 44 t/hm2,respectively,the carbon density spatial distribution pattern was consistent,namely the carbon density of soil layer accounted for the largest proportion,respectively 84. 10%,74. 49% and 84. 82%; followed by the shrub layer,the proportion was 15. 03%,25. 15% and 15%; the smallest proportion of herbaceous layer were 0. 78%,0. 36% and 0. 17%. 0-10 cm soil layer carbon densities of Hippophae rhamnoides,Caragana korshinskii,and Prunus davidiana were 1. 84,2. 50 and 3. 48 times that of 50-100 cm soil layer,respectively. [Conclusion]Shrub layer is the majority of vegetation carbon density. Carbon density in soil layer decreased with soil depth increasing. Soil carbon pool is the majority of forest carbon density.
[Objective] Based on data obtained from a survey of sample plots of 26-year-old major shrub plantations,carbon density and their distribution patterns were analyzed,aiming at providing the basic data for estimation of carbon benefits of the plantations in Loess Plateau in south Ningxia. [Method] Based on shrub layer biomass,herb layer biomass,soil samples from 0-100 cm layers of plots,carbon density and its variation of each component of H. rhamnoides,C. korshinskii and P. davidiana shrub plantations in afforestation area of Longde country,Ningxia were quantified. [Result]The results showed that forest carbon density of Hippophae rhamnoides,Caragana korshinskii and Prunus davidiana were 56. 30,74. 20 and 117. 44 t/hm2,respectively,the carbon density spatial distribution pattern was consistent,namely the carbon density of soil layer accounted for the largest proportion,respectively 84. 10%,74. 49% and 84. 82%; followed by the shrub layer,the proportion was 15. 03%,25. 15% and 15%; the smallest proportion of herbaceous layer were 0. 78%,0. 36% and 0. 17%. 0-10 cm soil layer carbon densities of Hippophae rhamnoides,Caragana korshinskii,and Prunus davidiana were 1. 84,2. 50 and 3. 48 times that of 50-100 cm soil layer,respectively. [Conclusion]Shrub layer is the majority of vegetation carbon density. Carbon density in soil layer decreased with soil depth increasing. Soil carbon pool is the majority of forest carbon density.
引文
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[19]李克让,王绍强,曹明奎.中国植被和土壤碳贮量[J].中国科学(D辑:地球科学),2003,33(1):72-80.
[20]杨玉姣,陈云明,曹扬.黄土丘陵区油松人工林生态系统碳密度及其分配[J].生态学报,2014,34(8):2128-2136.
[21]杨金艳,王传宽.东北东部森林生态系统土壤呼吸组分的分离量化[J].生态学报,2006,26(6):1640-1647.
[22]何志斌,赵文智,刘鹄,等.祁连山青海云杉林斑表层土壤有机碳特征及其影响因素[J].生态学报,2006,26(8):2572-2577.
[23]张城,王绍强,于贵瑞,等.中国东部地区典型森林类型土壤有机碳储量分析[J].资源科学,2006,28(2):97-103.
[2]FANG J Y,CHEN A P,PENG C H,et a1.Changes in forest biomass carbon storage in China between 1949 and 1998[J].Science,2001,292:2320-2322.
[3]侯学煜.中华人民共和国植被图[M].北京:中国地图出版社,1982.
[4]刘迎春,王秋凤,于贵瑞,等.黄土丘陵区两种主要退耕还林树种生态系统碳储量和固碳潜力[J].生态学报,2011,31(15):4277-4286.
[5]靳甜甜,傅伯杰,刘国华,等.不同坡位沙棘光合日变化及其主要环境因子[J].生态学报,2011,31(7):1783-1793.
[6]保长虎.黄土高原丘陵沟壑区柠条人工种群繁殖特征及天然化发育[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011.
[7]李欣,郑广芬,陈晓光,等.宁夏灌木碳储量及其价值估算初探[J].宁夏工程技术,2014,13(2):189-192.
[8]刘涛.宁南山区不同退耕模式生态系统碳密度及其分配特征研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2013.
[9]刘涛,党小虎,刘国彬,等.黄土丘陵区3种退耕灌木林生态系统碳密度的对比研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(9):68-72,77.
[10]崔静,陈云明,黄佳健,等.黄土丘陵半干旱区人工柠条林土壤固碳特征及其影响因素[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(9):1197-1203.
[11]陈新闯,邢恩德,董智,等.退耕还林工程建设对吴起县域植被碳储量的影响[J].国际沙棘研究与开发,2014(4):32-37.
[12]佟小刚,韩新辉,吴发启,等.黄土丘陵区三种典型退耕还林地土壤固碳效应差异[J].生态学报,2012,30(20):6396-6403.
[13]王鑫,王金成,刘建新,等.黄土高原人工沙棘林恢复阶段土壤黑碳、颗粒有机碳的积累[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(2):250-254.
[14]孙波,施建平,杨林章,等.陆地生态系统土壤观测规范[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2007:289-293.
[15]巩文,巩垠熙,奚存娃,等.甘肃省灌木林资源碳储量估算及预测[J].林业资源管理,2014,30(3):87-90.
[16]胡会峰,王志恒,刘国华,等.中国主要灌丛植被碳储量[J].植物生态学报,2006,30(4):539-544.
[17]ZHAO M F,XIANG W H,PENG C H,et al.Simulating age-related changes in carbon storage and allocation in a Chinese fir plantation growing in southern China using the 3-PG model[J].Forest ecology and management,2009,257(6):1520-1531.
[18]王蕾,张景群,王晓芳,等.黄土高原两种人工林幼林生态系统碳汇能力评价[J].东北林业大学学报,2010,38(7):75-78.
[19]李克让,王绍强,曹明奎.中国植被和土壤碳贮量[J].中国科学(D辑:地球科学),2003,33(1):72-80.
[20]杨玉姣,陈云明,曹扬.黄土丘陵区油松人工林生态系统碳密度及其分配[J].生态学报,2014,34(8):2128-2136.
[21]杨金艳,王传宽.东北东部森林生态系统土壤呼吸组分的分离量化[J].生态学报,2006,26(6):1640-1647.
[22]何志斌,赵文智,刘鹄,等.祁连山青海云杉林斑表层土壤有机碳特征及其影响因素[J].生态学报,2006,26(8):2572-2577.
[23]张城,王绍强,于贵瑞,等.中国东部地区典型森林类型土壤有机碳储量分析[J].资源科学,2006,28(2):97-103.