5种鲈形目淡水鱼肌肉脂肪酸及磷脂组成的研究
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摘要
为研究鲈形目淡水鱼在不同科和种间脂肪酸及磷脂组成的差异,该研究以高体革?(Scortum barcoo)、赤鲈(Perca fluviatilis)、梭鲈(Lucioperca lucioperca)、大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)和罗非鱼(Oreochromis mossambicus)为对象,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)、高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测(HPLC-ELSD)对以上5种鱼肌肉中的脂肪酸与磷脂进行了分析。结果表明,5种淡水鱼肌肉中共检测出21种脂肪酸,共有的脂肪酸有8种,分别为C_(14:0),C_(16:0),C_(18:0),C_(16:1),C_(18:1),C_(18:2),C_(20:5)和C_(22:6)。多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量丰富,PUFA含量除高体革?为26.81%之外,其他均大于35%。5种淡水鱼肌肉中共检出6种磷脂,分别为磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)、鞘磷脂(SM)、磷脂酰肌醇(PI)、溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)、磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)、磷脂酰胆碱(PC)。5种鱼肌肉磷脂中PC含量最高,占据磷脂总量的45.84%～62.55%,PE和PI次之,PS和SM含量相对较少,仅占总磷脂的2.19%～5.27%和2.06%～3.65%。
In order to study the difference of fatty acid and phospholipid composition in different families and species of Perciformes freshwater fish, we analyzed the fatty acids and phospholipids in muscles of Scortum barcoo, Perca fluviatilis, Lucioperca lucioperca, Micropterus salmoides and Oreochromis mossambicus by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC-ELSD). Twenty-one kinds of fatty acids had been detected in those fish. Eight kinds of common fatty acids were detected(C_(14:0),C_(16:0),C_(18:0),C_(16:1),C_(18:1),C_(18:2),C_(20:5)和C_(22:6). Polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) were rich and the content was higher than 35% except for S. barcoo(26.81%). Six kinds of phosphatidylcholine were detected in those fish, including phosphatidylethanolamine(PE), sphingomyelin(SM), phosphatidylinositol(PI), lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC), phosphatidylcholine(PS) and phosphatidylcholine(PC). The PC contents in those fish muscles phospholipids were the highest, accounting for 45.84%-62.55% of total phospholipid, followed by PE and PI contents. The PS and SM contents were relatively low, accounting for only 2.19%-5.27% and 2.06%-3.65% of total phospholipids.
In order to study the difference of fatty acid and phospholipid composition in different families and species of Perciformes freshwater fish, we analyzed the fatty acids and phospholipids in muscles of Scortum barcoo, Perca fluviatilis, Lucioperca lucioperca, Micropterus salmoides and Oreochromis mossambicus by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC-ELSD). Twenty-one kinds of fatty acids had been detected in those fish. Eight kinds of common fatty acids were detected(C_(14:0),C_(16:0),C_(18:0),C_(16:1),C_(18:1),C_(18:2),C_(20:5)和C_(22:6). Polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) were rich and the content was higher than 35% except for S. barcoo(26.81%). Six kinds of phosphatidylcholine were detected in those fish, including phosphatidylethanolamine(PE), sphingomyelin(SM), phosphatidylinositol(PI), lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC), phosphatidylcholine(PS) and phosphatidylcholine(PC). The PC contents in those fish muscles phospholipids were the highest, accounting for 45.84%-62.55% of total phospholipid, followed by PE and PI contents. The PS and SM contents were relatively low, accounting for only 2.19%-5.27% and 2.06%-3.65% of total phospholipids.
引文
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[30]王琦,薛长湖,徐杰,等.HPLC-ELSD法测定几种水产品卵及生殖腺中磷脂的组成[J].分析仪器,2012(5):18-22.
[31]YAGUCHI T, NAGATA T, NISHIZAKI T. Dilinoleoylphosphatidylcholine ameliorates scopolamine-induced impairment of spatial learning and memory by targeting alpha 7 nicotinic ACh receptors[J]. Life Sci,2009, 84(9/10):263-266.
[32]SU Y F, MEI L J, LIU B, et al. Effect of milk powder adding phosphatidylcholine from soybean lecithin on the memory of rats[J]. China Dairy Ind, 2010, 38(1):29-30.
[33]TEAGUE J, SOUBIAS O, PETRACHE H A, et al. Elastic properties of polyunsaturated phosphatidylethanolamines influence rhodopsin function[J]. Faraday Discuss, 2013, 161:383-395.
[34]马方,杨宜婷,陈则华.不同类型n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对心血管疾病的防治作用及其机制研究进展[J].中国油脂,2018, 43(2):65-69.
[35]WAT E, TANDY S, KAPERA E, et al. Dietary phospholipid-rich dairy milk extract reduces hepatomegaly, hepatic steatosis and hyperlipidemia in mice fed a high-fat diet[J]. Atherosclerosis, 2009,205(1):144-150.
[36]童铃,金毅,徐坤华,等.3种鲣鱼背部肌肉的营养成分分析及评价[J].南方水产科学,2014, 10(5):51-59.
[2]HAN X. Neurolipidomics:challenges and developments[J]. Front Biosci,2007, 12(4):2601-2615.
[3]SUD M, FAHY E, COTTER D, et al. LMSD:LIPID MAPS structure database[J]. Nucleic Acids Res, 2007, 35(Database issue):D527-D532.
[4]郇延军,周光宏,徐幸莲.脂类物质在火腿风味形成中的作用[J].食品科学,2004,25(1):186-190.
[5]徐为民,王道营,诸永志,等.肌内磷脂在腌腊肉制品风味形成中的作用机制研究进展[J].江苏农业学报,2010, 26(1):204-207.
[6]KIDD P M.(PhosphatidylSerine), vital lipid for memory, mood and stress[J]. Total Health, 2008, 30(2):28.
[7]BREWER J W. Phospholipids:"Greasing the wheels"of humoral immunity[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Molecular and CellBiology of Lipids,2013, 1831(3, SI):642-651.
[8]陈文娟.大黄鱼鱼卵磷脂的提取、鉴定及抗氧化活性研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2010:40-44.
[9]陆丽丽,陈舜胜.鲤、鲫卵的脂质和脂肪酸特性[J].食品科学,2007(12):100-104.
[10]程新伟,梁鹏,涂晓玲,等.养殖大黄鱼各部位磷脂组分及其脂肪酸组成分析[J].食品工业科技,2017, 38(4):49-53.
[11]LIU Z Y, ZHOU D Y, WU Z X, et al. Extraction and detailed characterization of phospholipid-enriched oils from six species of edible clams[J]. Food Chem, 2018, 239:1175-1181.
[12]莫建光,卢安根,徐慧,等.食品中磷脂酰胆碱检测技术的研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2010(1):409-411.
[13]FOLCH J, LEES M, SLOANE STANLEY G H. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues[J]. J Biol Chem, 1957, 226(1):497-509.
[14]蔡秋杏,吴燕燕,李来好,等.厦门白姑鱼腌制加工过程中的脂肪酸变化分析[J].食品科学,2015, 36(12):76-81.
[15]曹松敏,吴燕燕,李来好,等.蓝圆鰺传统腌干过程中内源脂肪酶和脂质降解氧化的变化分析[J].食品科学,2017, 38(7):36-42.
[16]吴燕燕,刘法佳,李来好,等.GC-MS检测咸鱼中N-亚硝胺的条件优化[J].南方水产科学,2012, 8(4):16-22.
[17]刘邦辉,王广军,郁二蒙,等.投喂蚕豆和普通配合饲料草鱼肌肉营养成分比较分析及营养评价[J].南方水产科学,2011,7(6):58-65.
[18]丁丽丽,李来好,吴燕燕.咸鱼风味的研究进展[C]//“食品加工与安全”学术研讨会暨2010年广东省食品学会年会论文集.湛江,2010:148-151.
[19]徐迪迪.蛋黄磷脂不同方法提取与检测分析的研究[D].武汉:武汉工程大学,2010:15-20.
[20]卢航,里慧,赵景华,等.利用高效液相色谱-蒸发光检测器法分析鮰鱼脑中磷脂组成[J].食品科学,2015, 36(24):177-180.
[21]朱瑶,陈慧民,卢航,等.刺参性腺中6种磷脂含量的HPLCELSD分析[J].大连海洋大学学报,2015, 30(4):422-425.
[22]GRAEVE M, JANSSEN D. Improved separation and quantification of neutral and polar lipid classes by HPLC-ELSD using a monolithic silica phase:application to exceptional marine lipids[J]. J Chromatogr B, 2009, 877(20):1815-1819.
[23]KIELBOWICZ G, MICEK P, WAWRZENCZYK C. A new liquid chromatography method with charge aerosol detector(CAD)for the determination of phospholipid classes[J]. Talanta, 2013,105(105):28-33.
[24]郭辉,胡晨,钱俊青,等.鸦胆子油HPLC-ELSD指纹图谱研究[J].中成药,2012, 34(7):1311-1315.
[25]陈文娟,陈建福.大黄鱼鱼卵脂质含量及脂肪酸组成分析[J].肉类工业,2012(4):21-23.
[26]刁全平,郭华,吕琳琳,等.银鲳鱼脂肪酸的气相色谱-质谱分析[J].鞍山师范学院学报,2015, 32(6):51-53.
[27]宋长虹,唐生,郝克非,等.中国居民日常食物中脂肪酸含量的分析[J].食品与机械,2014, 30(05):61-63.
[28]张雪琰,牟志春,高建国,等.4种海水鱼肉中脂肪酸组成分析及营养评价[J].食品研究与开发,2013(23):111-113.
[29]SWANSON D, BLOCK R, MOUSA S A. Omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA:health benefits throughout life[J]. Adv Nutr,2012, 3(1):1-7.
[30]王琦,薛长湖,徐杰,等.HPLC-ELSD法测定几种水产品卵及生殖腺中磷脂的组成[J].分析仪器,2012(5):18-22.
[31]YAGUCHI T, NAGATA T, NISHIZAKI T. Dilinoleoylphosphatidylcholine ameliorates scopolamine-induced impairment of spatial learning and memory by targeting alpha 7 nicotinic ACh receptors[J]. Life Sci,2009, 84(9/10):263-266.
[32]SU Y F, MEI L J, LIU B, et al. Effect of milk powder adding phosphatidylcholine from soybean lecithin on the memory of rats[J]. China Dairy Ind, 2010, 38(1):29-30.
[33]TEAGUE J, SOUBIAS O, PETRACHE H A, et al. Elastic properties of polyunsaturated phosphatidylethanolamines influence rhodopsin function[J]. Faraday Discuss, 2013, 161:383-395.
[34]马方,杨宜婷,陈则华.不同类型n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对心血管疾病的防治作用及其机制研究进展[J].中国油脂,2018, 43(2):65-69.
[35]WAT E, TANDY S, KAPERA E, et al. Dietary phospholipid-rich dairy milk extract reduces hepatomegaly, hepatic steatosis and hyperlipidemia in mice fed a high-fat diet[J]. Atherosclerosis, 2009,205(1):144-150.
[36]童铃,金毅,徐坤华,等.3种鲣鱼背部肌肉的营养成分分析及评价[J].南方水产科学,2014, 10(5):51-59.