披针叶黄华茎叶水提液对3种草地植物化感作用的研究
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摘要
为了解披针叶黄华对草地植物的化感作用,在草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis)、高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea)和多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)的种子发芽时,采用不同浓度(30、60、90、120g/L)的披针叶黄华(Thermopsis lanceolate)茎叶水提液处理,以蒸馏水为对照。结果表明,披针叶黄华茎叶水提液具有较强的化感作用,对3种草地植物种子的萌发、幼苗的生长及幼苗的鲜重均有很强的抑制作用,且随着浓度的升高,抑制作用加强。但抑制作用与植物种类和水提液浓度有关,对草地早熟禾的抑制作用最强,在30g/L时,草地早熟禾的发芽化感效应敏感指数(RI)已达-0.78;在120g/L时,对3种植物种子发芽几乎完全抑制,RI为-0.97～-1。
To learn the allelopathy of Thermopsis lanceolate on grassland plants,when the seeds of Poa pratensis,Festuca arundinacea and Lolium perenne geminated,they were treated by water extract of stems and leave of Thermopsis lanceolate with the concentrations of 30 g/L,60 g/L,90 g/L and 120 g/L,respectively. The distilled water was taken as control. The results showed the water extract had strong allelopathy. It strongly inhibited seed gemination,seedling growth and fresh weight of 3 plants. And the effect increased as the concentration of extract went up. At the same time,the effect was related to the plant species and the extract concentration. The effect on Poa pratensis was strongest. Its allelopathy sensitivity index ( RI) of gemination was already -0.78 under the treatment of 30 g/L extract. The gemination of 3 plants was almost inhibited with -0.97 ～-1 RI under the 120 g/L extract.
To learn the allelopathy of Thermopsis lanceolate on grassland plants,when the seeds of Poa pratensis,Festuca arundinacea and Lolium perenne geminated,they were treated by water extract of stems and leave of Thermopsis lanceolate with the concentrations of 30 g/L,60 g/L,90 g/L and 120 g/L,respectively. The distilled water was taken as control. The results showed the water extract had strong allelopathy. It strongly inhibited seed gemination,seedling growth and fresh weight of 3 plants. And the effect increased as the concentration of extract went up. At the same time,the effect was related to the plant species and the extract concentration. The effect on Poa pratensis was strongest. Its allelopathy sensitivity index ( RI) of gemination was already -0.78 under the treatment of 30 g/L extract. The gemination of 3 plants was almost inhibited with -0.97 ～-1 RI under the 120 g/L extract.
引文
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[6]何海斌,王海,陈祥旭,等.化感水稻苗期不同器官水浸液及根系分泌物对稗草的化感作用[J].中国生态农业学报,2007,15(2):14-17.
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[8]李逢雨,孙锡发,冯文强,等.水稻秸秆水浸提液对小麦的化感作用研究[J].西南农业学报,2008,21(4):960-964.
[9]程晓月,后源,任国华,等.“黑土滩”退化高寒草地6种常见毒杂草水浸液对垂穗披碱草的化感作用[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(10):2057-2064.
[10]李志华,沈益新,倪建华,赵玲玲.豆科牧草化感作用初探[J].草业科学,2002,19(8):28-31.
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[13]李勇,晁向阳,张永康.披针叶黄华的研究进展[J].农业科学研究,2007,28(1):80-84.
[14]魏启华,赵博光,郭道森.披针叶黄华中抑制植物病原真菌物质的分离鉴定[J].南京林业大学学报,2001,25(5):85-88.
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[16]张红,马瑞君,李刚.几种常见杂草对箭叶橐吾的化感作用[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2007,43(3):66-70.
[17]Mondal M F,Asaduzzaman M,Asao T. Adverse effects of allelopathy from legume crops and its possible avoidance[J].American Journal of Plant Sciences,2015,(6):804-810.
[18]郭雅琴,武瑞鑫,李玉鹏,等.披针叶黄华对垂穗披碱草种子的化感作用[J].中国草地学报,2016,38(5):105-108.
[19]黄京华,曾任森,滕希峰,等.植物化感作用研究动态[J].佛山科学技术学院学报(自然科掌版),2001,19(4):61-65.
[20]Goslee S C,Peters D P C,Beck K G. Modeling invasive weeds in grasslands:the role of allelopathy in Acroptilon repens invasion[J]. Ecological Modelling, 2001, 139,(1):31-45.
[21]黄高宝,柴强.植物化感作用表现形式及其开发应用研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2003,11(3):172-174.
[2]慕小倩,罗玛霞,段琦梅,等. 10种菊科植物水提液对小麦幼苗生长的影响[J].西北植物学报,2003,23(11):2014-2017.
[3]Aslam F,Khaliq A,Matloob A,et al. Allelopathy in agroecosystems:a critical review of wheat allelopathy-concepts and implications[J]. Chemoecology,2017,27(1):1-24.
[4]刘兴宇,曾德慧.农林复合系统种间关系研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(9):1464-1470.
[5]欧巧明,陈玉梁,马丽荣,等.基于生态位理论的作物——杂草化感作用及其关系探讨[J].草业学报,2010,19(2):235-240.
[6]何海斌,王海,陈祥旭,等.化感水稻苗期不同器官水浸液及根系分泌物对稗草的化感作用[J].中国生态农业学报,2007,15(2):14-17.
[7]耿广东,程智慧,张素勤.不同浓度的辣椒化感物质对莴苣化感效应研究[J].华北农学报,2008,23(2):30-33.
[8]李逢雨,孙锡发,冯文强,等.水稻秸秆水浸提液对小麦的化感作用研究[J].西南农业学报,2008,21(4):960-964.
[9]程晓月,后源,任国华,等.“黑土滩”退化高寒草地6种常见毒杂草水浸液对垂穗披碱草的化感作用[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(10):2057-2064.
[10]李志华,沈益新,倪建华,赵玲玲.豆科牧草化感作用初探[J].草业科学,2002,19(8):28-31.
[11]彭泽祥,袁永明.中国豆科黄华族植物系统订正[J].西北植物学报,1992,12(2):158-166.
[12]魏启华,赵博光.披针叶黄华生物碱及其生物活性[J].南京林业大学学报,2000,24(5):73-76.
[13]李勇,晁向阳,张永康.披针叶黄华的研究进展[J].农业科学研究,2007,28(1):80-84.
[14]魏启华,赵博光,郭道森.披针叶黄华中抑制植物病原真菌物质的分离鉴定[J].南京林业大学学报,2001,25(5):85-88.
[15]萧运峰,严文梅.草场有毒植物——披针叶黄华的化学防除[J].四川草原,1996,(4):22-24.
[16]张红,马瑞君,李刚.几种常见杂草对箭叶橐吾的化感作用[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2007,43(3):66-70.
[17]Mondal M F,Asaduzzaman M,Asao T. Adverse effects of allelopathy from legume crops and its possible avoidance[J].American Journal of Plant Sciences,2015,(6):804-810.
[18]郭雅琴,武瑞鑫,李玉鹏,等.披针叶黄华对垂穗披碱草种子的化感作用[J].中国草地学报,2016,38(5):105-108.
[19]黄京华,曾任森,滕希峰,等.植物化感作用研究动态[J].佛山科学技术学院学报(自然科掌版),2001,19(4):61-65.
[20]Goslee S C,Peters D P C,Beck K G. Modeling invasive weeds in grasslands:the role of allelopathy in Acroptilon repens invasion[J]. Ecological Modelling, 2001, 139,(1):31-45.
[21]黄高宝,柴强.植物化感作用表现形式及其开发应用研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2003,11(3):172-174.