施用不同配比化肥与有机肥对莲藕植物学性状、产量及品质的影响
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摘要
【目的】采用田间试验方法,研究不同肥料配比施肥模式对莲藕植物学性状、产量及品质的影响。【方法】对莲藕叶片长半径、叶片短半径、立叶片数、整藕质量、主藕质量、主藕长度、主藕节间质量、淀粉含量、Vc含量、总糖含量等26个性状进行测量分析。【结果】施用有机肥或化肥加有机肥的合理配施,可以提升莲藕中淀粉及Vc的含量,提高蛋白质累积,降低莲藕中的粗纤维含量,提高产量,从而提高经济收益。【结论】有机肥和化肥的合理配施可以提高莲藕产量和品质,减少肥料流失,友好环境。最佳施肥量为处理3。
【Objective】The effects of different fertilizer application modes on the botanical characters, yield and quality of lotus root were studied by using the method of field test.【Method】The 26 characteristics of lotus root, such as leaf length radius, short radius, number of vertical leaves, weight of whole lotus root, quality of main lotus root, length of main lotus root, interstitial quality, starch content, Vc content and total sugar content, were measured and analyzed.【Result】The results showed that rational application of organic fertilizer or chemical fertilizer plus organic fertilizer could increase the content of starch and Vc in lotus root, increase the accumulation of protein, reduce the content of crude fiber in lotus root, and increase the yield, so as to increase economic benefits.【Conclusion】The rational application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer could increase the yield and quality of lotus root, reduce the loss of fertilizer and friendly environment.The best fertilization was treatment 3.
【Objective】The effects of different fertilizer application modes on the botanical characters, yield and quality of lotus root were studied by using the method of field test.【Method】The 26 characteristics of lotus root, such as leaf length radius, short radius, number of vertical leaves, weight of whole lotus root, quality of main lotus root, length of main lotus root, interstitial quality, starch content, Vc content and total sugar content, were measured and analyzed.【Result】The results showed that rational application of organic fertilizer or chemical fertilizer plus organic fertilizer could increase the content of starch and Vc in lotus root, increase the accumulation of protein, reduce the content of crude fiber in lotus root, and increase the yield, so as to increase economic benefits.【Conclusion】The rational application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer could increase the yield and quality of lotus root, reduce the loss of fertilizer and friendly environment.The best fertilization was treatment 3.
引文
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[7]张长伟,徐文娟,王玉华,等.氮磷钾肥对莲藕产量和品质的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2011(16):92-95.
[8]张长伟,徐文娟,王玉华,等.有机、无机肥对莲藕生长和品质的影响及施肥效益分析[J].中国农学通报,2018,28(7):261-264.
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[11]张文,谢良商,符传良,等.冬瓜氮、磷、钾、镁、锌肥效应用研究[J].中国农学通报,2010(20):212-216.
[12]张俊峰,王晓巍,王志伟,等.氮磷钾平衡施肥对高海拔冷凉区洋葱产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2011(16):58-59.
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[15]Hu M,Skibsted L H.Antioxidative capacity of rhizome ex-tract and rhizome knot extract of edible lotus (Nelumbo nucficera)[J].Food Chemistry,2002,76(3):327-333.
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[19]柯卫东,黄新芳,刘玉平,等.云南省部分地区水生蔬菜种质资源考察[J].中国蔬菜,2005(2):31-33.
[20]刁英,韩延闯,何建军,等.莲藕研究进展[J].氨基酸和生物资源,2004,26(1):8-11.
[21]朱明超,蔡汉,罗伯祥,等.莲藕膨大过程的观察与分析[J].江苏农业学报,2003,19(4):255-256.
[22]许金蓉,周明全,何建军,等.莲藕不同生长期的生理活性研究[J].湖北农业科学,2005(2):79-81.
[23]李良俊,许超,陈建林,等.莲藕膨大过程中碳水化合物变化的初步研究[J].扬州大学学报:农业与生命科学版,2003,24(3):72-74.
[24]李双梅,钟兰,李明华,等.早熟莲藕 —荸荠轮作高效栽培技术[J].长江蔬菜,2013(18):168-168.
[25]王利丽,孙亚林,匡晶,等.莲藕、茭白、及芋头肥料利用率研究概况[J].长江蔬菜,2015,22:109-112.
[26]柯卫东.莲种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社.
[27]刘东碧,熊桂云,陈防,等.钾素营养对莲藕生长和干物质累计的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2009(5):34-37.
[2]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所.中国蔬菜栽培学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010:813-817.
[3]刘义满,柯卫东,李峰.水生蔬菜质量安全技术标准体系的构建与应用—以湖北省及武汉市为例[J].长江蔬菜,2015(22):17-24.
[4]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所.中国蔬菜栽培学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1993:717.
[5]黄兴奇.云南作物种质资源[M].云南:云南科技出版社,2008.
[6]刘东碧,熊桂云,陈防,等.氮磷钾不同配比及有机肥对莲藕生长的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2008,47(11):1277-1279.
[7]张长伟,徐文娟,王玉华,等.氮磷钾肥对莲藕产量和品质的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2011(16):92-95.
[8]张长伟,徐文娟,王玉华,等.有机、无机肥对莲藕生长和品质的影响及施肥效益分析[J].中国农学通报,2018,28(7):261-264.
[9]梁亚勤,郝青,刘二保.有机无机复混肥对莲藕产量及品质的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(8):4482-4484.
[10]龙飞.氮磷钾肥不同配比和有机肥对莲藕生长的影响[J].现代农业科技,2013,7:114.
[11]张文,谢良商,符传良,等.冬瓜氮、磷、钾、镁、锌肥效应用研究[J].中国农学通报,2010(20):212-216.
[12]张俊峰,王晓巍,王志伟,等.氮磷钾平衡施肥对高海拔冷凉区洋葱产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2011(16):58-59.
[13]Dacey J W H.Knudsen-transitional flow and gas pressurization in leaves of Nelumbo [J].Plant Physiology,1987,85(1):199-203.
[14]Vogel S.Contributions to the functional anatomy and biology of Nelumbo nucifera(Nelumbo naceae) I.Pathways of air circulation [J].Plant Systematics and Evolution,2004,249(1-2):9-25.
[15]Hu M,Skibsted L H.Antioxidative capacity of rhizome ex-tract and rhizome knot extract of edible lotus (Nelumbo nucficera)[J].Food Chemistry,2002,76(3):327-333.
[16]Sinha S,Mukherjee P K,Mukherjee K,et al.Evaluation of antipyretic potential of Nelumbo nucifera stalk extract [J].Phytotherapy Research,2000,14(4):272-274.
[17]Lee K K,Kim J H,Cho J J,et al.Inhibitory effects of 150 plant extracts on elastase activity,and their anti-inflammatory effects[J].International Journal of Cosmetic Science,1999,21(2):71-82.
[18]中国科学院武汉植物研究所.中国莲[M].北京:科学出版社,1987.
[19]柯卫东,黄新芳,刘玉平,等.云南省部分地区水生蔬菜种质资源考察[J].中国蔬菜,2005(2):31-33.
[20]刁英,韩延闯,何建军,等.莲藕研究进展[J].氨基酸和生物资源,2004,26(1):8-11.
[21]朱明超,蔡汉,罗伯祥,等.莲藕膨大过程的观察与分析[J].江苏农业学报,2003,19(4):255-256.
[22]许金蓉,周明全,何建军,等.莲藕不同生长期的生理活性研究[J].湖北农业科学,2005(2):79-81.
[23]李良俊,许超,陈建林,等.莲藕膨大过程中碳水化合物变化的初步研究[J].扬州大学学报:农业与生命科学版,2003,24(3):72-74.
[24]李双梅,钟兰,李明华,等.早熟莲藕 —荸荠轮作高效栽培技术[J].长江蔬菜,2013(18):168-168.
[25]王利丽,孙亚林,匡晶,等.莲藕、茭白、及芋头肥料利用率研究概况[J].长江蔬菜,2015,22:109-112.
[26]柯卫东.莲种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社.
[27]刘东碧,熊桂云,陈防,等.钾素营养对莲藕生长和干物质累计的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2009(5):34-37.