基质、激素种类和浓度及其交互作用对麻竹扦插生长的影响
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摘要
为提高麻竹Dendrocalamus latiflorus枝条扦插成活率与生根率,筛选出最佳配方及处理方法,选择1年生麻竹枝条为材料,采用从基质、激素种类及浓度三因素析因设计,研究各因素及其相互作用对麻竹扦插生长的影响,并运用隶属函数法综合评价了育苗效果。结果表明:1)3个主因素中,激素种类对扦插生根影响最大,各指标均达到显著水平;2)泥炭对扦插苗地上的生长指标影响最大,新梢率、新梢数和叶数达显著水平;3)细沙作为基质可以显著提高麻竹枝条扦插生根率,扦插成活率达62.92%;4)两因素交互作用中,激素×浓度的交互作用对扦插生根的影响最大,愈伤率、腐烂率、平均根长、总根数、根系直径等指标均达极显著水平;5)激素种类×激素浓度对扦插地上指标影响最大,叶面积达极显著水平,新梢数达显著水平;6)三因素交互作用中,仅愈伤率和腐烂率达到极显著水平。由此可见,泥炭显著提高扦插生根率,NAA扦插效果最好,激素浓度处于40～80 mg/L时扦插苗各指标最佳;泥炭+ABT+80 mg/L为最佳处理组合。
In order to improve the rooting rate and survival rate of Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro, and screen out the best formula and treatment method, one-year-old bamboo shoots were selected as materials to study the effects of various factors and their interaction on the growth of branch cuttings by factorial design and based on substrate, hormone type and concentration, and the effects of seedling raising were comprehensively evaluated by adopting Membership Function Method. The findings are as follows: 1) Among the three main factors, the types of hormones had the greatest in?uence on branch cuttage and rooting, and all indexes reached significant level; 2)The peat matrix had the greatest in?uence on the growth index of cuttings, the new shoot rate, the number of shoots and number of leaves reached significant level; 3) The substrate of fine sand can significantly increase the rooting rate of cuttings of D. latiflorus branches,and the survival rate of cuttings reached 62.92%; 4) In the interaction of the two factors, the interaction of the hormone × concentration had the greatest in?uence on the branch cuttage and rooting, the callus rate, decay rate, average root length, total root number and root diameter all reached a very significant level; 5)The effects of hormone type × hormone concentration on the above-ground indexes of cuttings were the greatest, the leaf area reached a very significant level, and the number of new shoots reached a significant level; 6)In the three factors interaction, only the callus rate and decay rate reached extremely significant level; It can be seen that peat matrix significantly increased the rooting rate of cuttings, and NAA cutting effect was the best, when the hormone concentration was 40-80 mg/L,the cuttings were the best, and peat+ABT+80 mg/L was the best treatment combination.
In order to improve the rooting rate and survival rate of Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro, and screen out the best formula and treatment method, one-year-old bamboo shoots were selected as materials to study the effects of various factors and their interaction on the growth of branch cuttings by factorial design and based on substrate, hormone type and concentration, and the effects of seedling raising were comprehensively evaluated by adopting Membership Function Method. The findings are as follows: 1) Among the three main factors, the types of hormones had the greatest in?uence on branch cuttage and rooting, and all indexes reached significant level; 2)The peat matrix had the greatest in?uence on the growth index of cuttings, the new shoot rate, the number of shoots and number of leaves reached significant level; 3) The substrate of fine sand can significantly increase the rooting rate of cuttings of D. latiflorus branches,and the survival rate of cuttings reached 62.92%; 4) In the interaction of the two factors, the interaction of the hormone × concentration had the greatest in?uence on the branch cuttage and rooting, the callus rate, decay rate, average root length, total root number and root diameter all reached a very significant level; 5)The effects of hormone type × hormone concentration on the above-ground indexes of cuttings were the greatest, the leaf area reached a very significant level, and the number of new shoots reached a significant level; 6)In the three factors interaction, only the callus rate and decay rate reached extremely significant level; It can be seen that peat matrix significantly increased the rooting rate of cuttings, and NAA cutting effect was the best, when the hormone concentration was 40-80 mg/L,the cuttings were the best, and peat+ABT+80 mg/L was the best treatment combination.
引文
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[13]王凯红,凌家慧,张乐华,等.两种常绿杜鹃亚属幼苗耐热性的主成分及隶属函数分析[J].热带亚热带植物,2011,19(5):412-418.
[14]乌丽雅斯,刘勇,李瑞生,等.容器育苗质量调控技术研究评述[J].世界林业研究,2004,17(2):9-13.
[15]吴雅琼,汪贵斌,曹福亮,等.基质、插穗及促根剂对喜树扦插生根的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(3):1-8.
[16]HENRIQUE A,CAMPINHOS E N,ONO E O,et al.Effect of plant growth regulation in the rooting of pinus cuttings[J].Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology,2006,49(2):189-196.
[17]赵海燕,徐福利,马亚娟,等.秦岭地区华北落叶松人工林地土壤养分和酶活性变化[J].生态学报,2015,35(4):1086-1094.
[18]LAUBSCHER C P,NDAKIDEMI P A.Rooting Success Using IBA Auxin on Endangered Leucadendron Laxum(PROTEACEAE)in Different Rooting Mediums[J].African Journal of Biotechnology,2008,7(19):3437-3442.
[19]SWAMY S L,PURI S,SINGH A K.Effect of Auxins(IBA and NAA)and Season on Rooting of Juvenile and Mature Hardwood Cuttings of Robinia pseudoacacia and Grewia optiva[J].New Forests,2002,23(2):143-157.
[20]SINGH K K,GURUNG B.In vitro propagation of R.maddeni Hook.F.an endangered rhododendron species of Sikkim Himalaya[J].Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca,2009,37(1):79-83.
[2]杨南,李福秀,普晓兰,等.竹类植物育苗技术的研究进展[J].竹子研究汇刊,2008,27(3):37-38.
[3]李贵雨,卫星,汤园园,等.白桦不同轻基质容器苗生长及养分分析[J].林业科学,2016,52(7):30-32.
[4]潘瑞炽,李玲.植物生长调节剂:原理与应用[M].广州:广东高等教育出版社,2007.
[5]张博,兰再平,马可,等.不同激素处理和基质配方对楸树嫩枝扦插生根的影响[J].林业科学研究,2012,4(6):74-75.
[6]唐廷贵.麻竹扦插繁育技术研究[J].四川林勘设计,2003,11(3):24-28.
[7]卢靖,王德昌,段忠俊,等.竹枝扦插技术研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008,35(27):11723-11724.
[8]魏建文.麻竹苗木的无性繁殖技术研究[J].福建林业科技,2003,23(增刊):12-14.
[9]杨新国.麻竹侧枝扦插育苗试验[J].林业实用技术,2004,12(2):20-21.
[10]董建文,林德根,林顺德,等.麻竹不同造林方式对当年新竹生长的影响[J].植物资源与环境,1999,34(3):44-47.
[11]张乐华,王书胜,单文,等.基质、激素种类及其浓度对鹿角杜鹃扦插育苗的影响[J].林业科学,2014,50(3):49-51.
[12]SWAMY S L,PURI S,SINGH A K.Effect of Auxins(IBA and NAA)and Season on Rooting of Juvenile and Mature Hardwood Ccuttings of Robinia pseudoacacia and Grewia optiva[J].New Forests,2002,23(2):143-157.
[13]王凯红,凌家慧,张乐华,等.两种常绿杜鹃亚属幼苗耐热性的主成分及隶属函数分析[J].热带亚热带植物,2011,19(5):412-418.
[14]乌丽雅斯,刘勇,李瑞生,等.容器育苗质量调控技术研究评述[J].世界林业研究,2004,17(2):9-13.
[15]吴雅琼,汪贵斌,曹福亮,等.基质、插穗及促根剂对喜树扦插生根的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(3):1-8.
[16]HENRIQUE A,CAMPINHOS E N,ONO E O,et al.Effect of plant growth regulation in the rooting of pinus cuttings[J].Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology,2006,49(2):189-196.
[17]赵海燕,徐福利,马亚娟,等.秦岭地区华北落叶松人工林地土壤养分和酶活性变化[J].生态学报,2015,35(4):1086-1094.
[18]LAUBSCHER C P,NDAKIDEMI P A.Rooting Success Using IBA Auxin on Endangered Leucadendron Laxum(PROTEACEAE)in Different Rooting Mediums[J].African Journal of Biotechnology,2008,7(19):3437-3442.
[19]SWAMY S L,PURI S,SINGH A K.Effect of Auxins(IBA and NAA)and Season on Rooting of Juvenile and Mature Hardwood Cuttings of Robinia pseudoacacia and Grewia optiva[J].New Forests,2002,23(2):143-157.
[20]SINGH K K,GURUNG B.In vitro propagation of R.maddeni Hook.F.an endangered rhododendron species of Sikkim Himalaya[J].Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca,2009,37(1):79-83.