荔枝果实对霜疫霉侵染抗性评价体系建立及初步应用
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摘要
为建立稳定的荔枝果实对霜疫霉侵染抗性评价体系,研究不同浓度孢子囊悬浮液浸染、不同症状调查时间对不同荔枝品种病情指数的影响,并用建立的方法研究部分荔枝品种对霜疫霉侵染抗性的初步评价。结果表明:以4×104个/m L孢子囊浓度悬浮液为接种浓度,‘妃子笑’和‘大丁香’离体果实病征发生速度适中,侵染第72小时的病情指数比较稳定,能够更好地区分品种间的抗病性差异。2012~2016年,用该指标体系先后评价了15个荔枝品种对霜疫霉侵染的抗性,结果发现不同年份这些品种的抗性分级基本相同,‘黑叶’和‘桂味’是表现最为稳定的抗病和感病品种,证实了建立的抗性评价体系的稳定性。
In order to establish a stable resistance evaluation system of litchi fruit to downy blight, the influence on disease index( DI) of concentration of inoculation sporangia and time of record for symptom were studied among different litchi germplasms. The results showed that the disease symptom of ‘Feizixiao' and ‘Dadingxiang'inoculated with 4 ×104/m L sporangia occurred at moderate speed, and the disease index of 72 h was relatively stable, which was a proper time of symptom survey for resistance to downy blight of litchi. During 2012-2016, the system was applied to evaluate the resistance to downy blight among 15 litchi cultivars. The resistance grades of these cultivars were almost the same in different years, and ‘ Heiye' and ‘ Guiwei' was the most stable resistant and susceptible cultivars, respectively. These confirmed that the resistance evaluation system of litchi fruit to downy blight was stable.
In order to establish a stable resistance evaluation system of litchi fruit to downy blight, the influence on disease index( DI) of concentration of inoculation sporangia and time of record for symptom were studied among different litchi germplasms. The results showed that the disease symptom of ‘Feizixiao' and ‘Dadingxiang'inoculated with 4 ×104/m L sporangia occurred at moderate speed, and the disease index of 72 h was relatively stable, which was a proper time of symptom survey for resistance to downy blight of litchi. During 2012-2016, the system was applied to evaluate the resistance to downy blight among 15 litchi cultivars. The resistance grades of these cultivars were almost the same in different years, and ‘ Heiye' and ‘ Guiwei' was the most stable resistant and susceptible cultivars, respectively. These confirmed that the resistance evaluation system of litchi fruit to downy blight was stable.
引文
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[9]陈厚彬,庄丽娟,黄旭明,等.荔枝龙眼产业发展现状与前景[J].中国热带农业,2013,10(2):12-18.
[10]刘登全,崔朝宇,蒋军喜,等.不同柑橘品种对黄龙病的抗性鉴定[J].江西农业大学学报,2014,36(1):97-101.
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[13]刘欣颖,吕松,王忆,等.苹果种质资源对苹果树腐烂病抗性评价[J].果树学报,2011,28(5):843-848.
[14]张美鑫,霍立峰,胡红菊,等.梨种质资源对腐烂病抗性的室内评价[J].园艺学报,2014,41(7):1 297-1 306.
[15]杨明英,曹继芬,李向东,等.辣椒苗期不同生长阶段对疫霉根腐病的抗性研究[J].西南农业学报,2011,28(1):155-158.
[16]刘羽,刘增亮,高爱平,等.芒果种质对炭疽病的抗病性评价[J].热带作物学报,2009,30(7):1 000-1 004.
[17]李永刚,文景芝,郝中娜,等.大豆疫霉根腐病抗病性鉴定方法及抗源筛选的研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2008,39(5):1-5.
[18]范鸿雁,王祥和,王家保,等.六个荔枝品种对荔枝蝽抗性的初步鉴定[J].中国南方果树,2011,40(1):42-44.
[19]朱若鑫.福建主栽荔枝品种的果实对霜疫霉的抗病性及机理初探[D].福州:福建农林大学,2011.
[20]陶挺燕.海南荔枝种质资源对荔枝霜疫霉病抗性鉴定及霜疫霉病防治药效筛选[D].海口:海南大学,2010.
[21]陈业渊,贺军虎.热带、南亚热带果树种质资源数据质量控制规范[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:102-103.
[22]唐启义.DPS数据处理系统[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[23]余中莲.氨基寡糖素诱导荔枝抗荔枝霜疫霉病的抗性[D].福州:福建农林大学,2011.
[24]黄天述,叶华智,王晓鸣,等.玉米种质资源对纹枯病的抗性鉴定与评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2005,6(3):291-295.
[2]刘秀娟,胡美娇.荔枝果实采后病害和防腐保鲜技术[J].热带农业科学,2000,20(1):67-73.
[3]Wang H C,Zhou M G.Baseline and differential sensitivity of Peronophythora litchii(lychee downy blight)to three carboxylic acid amide fungicides[J].Plant Pathology,2009,58(3):571-572.
[4]戚佩坤.广东果树真菌病害志[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:41-42.
[5]戚佩坤,潘雪萍,刘任.荔枝霜疫病的研究病原菌的鉴定及其侵染过程[J].植物病理学报,1984,14(2):113-119.
[6]赖传雅.农业植物病理学:华南本[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:211-213.
[7]Liu J,Liu A,Chen W.Studies on the biological characteristics of lychee downy blight[J].Acta Hortic,2005,665(52):415-420.
[8]Kao C W,Leu L S.Sporangium germination of Peronophythora litchii,the causal of litchi downy blight[J].Mycologia,1980,72(4):737-748.
[9]陈厚彬,庄丽娟,黄旭明,等.荔枝龙眼产业发展现状与前景[J].中国热带农业,2013,10(2):12-18.
[10]刘登全,崔朝宇,蒋军喜,等.不同柑橘品种对黄龙病的抗性鉴定[J].江西农业大学学报,2014,36(1):97-101.
[11]Abe K,Kotoda N,Kato H,et al.Resistance sources to Valsa canker(Valsa ceratosperma)in a germplasm collection of diverse Malus species[J].Plant Breeding,2007,126(3):449-453.
[12]Liu H T,Zhang Y J,Li C M,et al.Evaluation of the resistance of malus germplasm to bot canker caused by botryosphaeria dothidea[J].Journal of Phytopathology,2011,159(7-8):511-515.
[13]刘欣颖,吕松,王忆,等.苹果种质资源对苹果树腐烂病抗性评价[J].果树学报,2011,28(5):843-848.
[14]张美鑫,霍立峰,胡红菊,等.梨种质资源对腐烂病抗性的室内评价[J].园艺学报,2014,41(7):1 297-1 306.
[15]杨明英,曹继芬,李向东,等.辣椒苗期不同生长阶段对疫霉根腐病的抗性研究[J].西南农业学报,2011,28(1):155-158.
[16]刘羽,刘增亮,高爱平,等.芒果种质对炭疽病的抗病性评价[J].热带作物学报,2009,30(7):1 000-1 004.
[17]李永刚,文景芝,郝中娜,等.大豆疫霉根腐病抗病性鉴定方法及抗源筛选的研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2008,39(5):1-5.
[18]范鸿雁,王祥和,王家保,等.六个荔枝品种对荔枝蝽抗性的初步鉴定[J].中国南方果树,2011,40(1):42-44.
[19]朱若鑫.福建主栽荔枝品种的果实对霜疫霉的抗病性及机理初探[D].福州:福建农林大学,2011.
[20]陶挺燕.海南荔枝种质资源对荔枝霜疫霉病抗性鉴定及霜疫霉病防治药效筛选[D].海口:海南大学,2010.
[21]陈业渊,贺军虎.热带、南亚热带果树种质资源数据质量控制规范[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:102-103.
[22]唐启义.DPS数据处理系统[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[23]余中莲.氨基寡糖素诱导荔枝抗荔枝霜疫霉病的抗性[D].福州:福建农林大学,2011.
[24]黄天述,叶华智,王晓鸣,等.玉米种质资源对纹枯病的抗性鉴定与评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2005,6(3):291-295.