运动抗抑郁的神经生物学机制研究新进展
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摘要
运动作为一种简便易行的健康行为,对于抑郁的显著改善作用已得到了研究者的广泛关注,对其抗抑郁作用机制的深入探索有助于人们从操作层面合理有效地设计运动干预来对抗抑郁。本文通过对相关文献的梳理,总结了目前运动抗抑郁的神经生物学机制,包括神经递质假说、神经内分泌假说、神经免疫假说、神经营养再生假说和中枢神经系统组织形态变化假说等。这些假说都得到了部分实验证据的支持,但由于研究设计、研究手段等因素的制约,目前还没有哪种假说得到广泛认可。运动特征对抑郁相关的神经生物学变化将产生不同影响,各种神经生物学机制之间可能存在双向互动关系,后续研究应在已有成果的生态学效度方面进行更加深入的探索。
As an easily performed modality of health behaviors, exercise has been found to be substantially effective in combating depression. Major research attention has been directed towards the mechanisms of such effects, which would help to understand, from a practical perspective, how to better design exercise interventions to reduce depression. This study reviewed studies on research advancements in the neurobiological mechanisms of exercise′s effect on depression, including monoamine hypothesis, neuroendocrine hypothesis, neuroinflammatory hypotheses, neurogenesis hypothesis, and hypothesis of anatomical and structural changes in brain. According to accumulative research evidence, these hypotheses have received empirical support. However, due to restrains in research design and methodology, to date, none of these hypotheses have been sufficiently confirmed by empirical evidence and universally accepted. Future studies are warranted to further explore the following issues: the differential effects of exercise characteristics on the neurobiological changes associated with depression, the possible reciprocal and interactive relationship between different neurobiological pathways, as well as the ecological validity of studies.
As an easily performed modality of health behaviors, exercise has been found to be substantially effective in combating depression. Major research attention has been directed towards the mechanisms of such effects, which would help to understand, from a practical perspective, how to better design exercise interventions to reduce depression. This study reviewed studies on research advancements in the neurobiological mechanisms of exercise′s effect on depression, including monoamine hypothesis, neuroendocrine hypothesis, neuroinflammatory hypotheses, neurogenesis hypothesis, and hypothesis of anatomical and structural changes in brain. According to accumulative research evidence, these hypotheses have received empirical support. However, due to restrains in research design and methodology, to date, none of these hypotheses have been sufficiently confirmed by empirical evidence and universally accepted. Future studies are warranted to further explore the following issues: the differential effects of exercise characteristics on the neurobiological changes associated with depression, the possible reciprocal and interactive relationship between different neurobiological pathways, as well as the ecological validity of studies.
引文
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