咪唑类离子液体在桤叶棠棣总黄酮提取工艺中的应用
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摘要
[目的]以提取率为主要评价指标,探讨咪唑类离子液体提取桤叶棠棣总黄酮的最佳工艺。[方法]通过对比不同种类、浓度的提取溶剂和不同提取方法初步确定提取工艺,并应用单因素试验和响应面Box-Behnken试验对关键因素进行优化。[结果]选取0.7 mol/L的溴化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑水溶液为提取溶剂,其提取效率高于其他离子液体及70%甲醇、70%乙醇等传统有机溶剂;微波辅助法相比热回流法和超声辅助法具有显著优越性,提取得率高且可重复性好。在微波提取工艺的响应面试验中,液料比对桤叶棠棣总黄酮提取率的影响最为显著,最佳工艺条件:提取温度72℃、提取时间16.5 min、液料比24.5(mL∶g),在此条件下平均得率达12.75 mg/g。[结论]咪唑类离子液体在微波环境下能够有效提高桤叶棠棣总黄酮提取率,优化后的工艺参数可为其工业化生产和科学研究提供理论依据。
[Objective] The extraction rate was the main evaluation index, and the optimal extraction process for total flavonoids of Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt. was studied. [Method] The initial extraction process was determined by comparing different extraction methods and extraction solvents of different types and concentrations. The key factors were optimized by single factor tests and Box-Behnken tests. [Result] 0.7 mol/L 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide was selected as the extraction solvent, and the extraction efficiency was higher than other ionic liquids, 70% methanol, 70% ethanol and other traditional organic solvents;compared with the thermal reflux method and the ultrasonic-assisted method, the microwave-assisted method has significant superiority, such as high extraction yield and good repeatability. In the response surface test of microwave-assisted extraction process, material-liquid ratio had the most significant effect on the extraction rate of total flavonoids of Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., and the optimum conditions were as follows: extraction temperature 72 ℃, extraction time 16.5 min, liquid-solid ratio 24.5 mL/g, the average yield in repeated extraction of three times could reach 12.75 mg/g. [Conclusion] The imidazole ionic liquid under microwave condition can effectively improve the extraction rate of total flavonoids from Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.. The optimized parameters in extraction process can provide corresponding theoretical basis for industrial production and scientific research.
[Objective] The extraction rate was the main evaluation index, and the optimal extraction process for total flavonoids of Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt. was studied. [Method] The initial extraction process was determined by comparing different extraction methods and extraction solvents of different types and concentrations. The key factors were optimized by single factor tests and Box-Behnken tests. [Result] 0.7 mol/L 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide was selected as the extraction solvent, and the extraction efficiency was higher than other ionic liquids, 70% methanol, 70% ethanol and other traditional organic solvents;compared with the thermal reflux method and the ultrasonic-assisted method, the microwave-assisted method has significant superiority, such as high extraction yield and good repeatability. In the response surface test of microwave-assisted extraction process, material-liquid ratio had the most significant effect on the extraction rate of total flavonoids of Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., and the optimum conditions were as follows: extraction temperature 72 ℃, extraction time 16.5 min, liquid-solid ratio 24.5 mL/g, the average yield in repeated extraction of three times could reach 12.75 mg/g. [Conclusion] The imidazole ionic liquid under microwave condition can effectively improve the extraction rate of total flavonoids from Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.. The optimized parameters in extraction process can provide corresponding theoretical basis for industrial production and scientific research.
引文
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[7]张卓睿,郝闯,李玲,等.桤叶唐棣米酒的酿造及抗氧化性研究[J].中国酿造,2016,35(10):184-188.
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[10]苏小丹,张卓睿,孟庆繁,等.桤叶唐棣中花色苷提取工艺的研究[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(11):2864-2866,2916.
[11]DROZ·D Z·P,PYRZYNSKA K.Screening of ionic liquids for extraction of flavonoids from heather[J].Natural product research,2019,33(1):148-151.
[12]WANG L L,BAI M G,QIN Y C,et al.Application of ionic liquid-based ultrasonic-assisted extraction of flavonoids from bamboo leaves[J].Molecules,2018,23(9):1-14.
[13]杜芳艳,邓保炜,高立国,等.离子液体/微波辅助提取海红果渣中总黄酮的响应曲面法研究[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(17):222-225,231.
[14]杨润亚,明永飞,王慧.无花果叶中总黄酮的提取及其抗氧化活性测定[J].食品科学,2010,31(16):78-82.
[15]TAN Z J,YI Y J,WANG H Y,et al.Extraction,preconcentration and isolation of flavonoids from Apocynum venetum L.leaves using ionic liquidbased ultrasonic-assisted extraction coupled with an aqueous biphasic system[J].Molecules,2016,21(3):1-11.
[16]XU D P,ZHENG J,ZHOU Y,et al.Ultrasound-assisted extraction of natural antioxidants from the flower of Limonium sinuatum:Optimization and comparison with conventional methods[J].Food chemistry,2017,217:552-559.
[17]温晋芳,姜在民,苑文柯,等.唐棣果黄酮类化合物的提取及抗氧化性研究[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(2):218-224.
[18]杜鹏瑶,王丽红,刘德江,等.响应面法优化树舌灵芝多糖提取工艺[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(34):148-151,168.
[2]ROP O,REZNI CEK V,ML CEK J,et al.Nutritional values of new Czech cultivars of Saskatoon berries(Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.)[J].Horticultural science,2012,39(3):123-128.
[3]JURIKOVA T,BALLA S,SOCHOR J,et al.Flavonoid profile of Saskatoon berries(Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.)and their health promoting effects[J].Molecules,2013,18(10):12571-12586.
[4]JIN A L,OZGA J A,KENNEDY J A,et al.Developmental profile of anthocyanin,flavonol,and proanthocyanidin type,content,and localization in Saskatoon fruits(Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.)[J].Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,2015,63(5):1601-1614.
[5]于强波.桤叶唐棣生物学特性及栽培技术[J].山西果树,2017(5):32-33.
[6]曹丽娟,张卓睿,王傍,等.响应面法优化桤叶唐棣果酒发酵工艺的研究[J].中国酿造,2018,37(6):145-149.
[7]张卓睿,郝闯,李玲,等.桤叶唐棣米酒的酿造及抗氧化性研究[J].中国酿造,2016,35(10):184-188.
[8]张二连,张卓睿,孟庆繁,等.超声波辅助提取桤叶唐棣果胶的工艺优化[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(13):3439-3442.
[9]杨馥溪.深度共熔溶剂提取花青素及其抗氧化性能评估和微胶囊制备的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2017:7-11.
[10]苏小丹,张卓睿,孟庆繁,等.桤叶唐棣中花色苷提取工艺的研究[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(11):2864-2866,2916.
[11]DROZ·D Z·P,PYRZYNSKA K.Screening of ionic liquids for extraction of flavonoids from heather[J].Natural product research,2019,33(1):148-151.
[12]WANG L L,BAI M G,QIN Y C,et al.Application of ionic liquid-based ultrasonic-assisted extraction of flavonoids from bamboo leaves[J].Molecules,2018,23(9):1-14.
[13]杜芳艳,邓保炜,高立国,等.离子液体/微波辅助提取海红果渣中总黄酮的响应曲面法研究[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(17):222-225,231.
[14]杨润亚,明永飞,王慧.无花果叶中总黄酮的提取及其抗氧化活性测定[J].食品科学,2010,31(16):78-82.
[15]TAN Z J,YI Y J,WANG H Y,et al.Extraction,preconcentration and isolation of flavonoids from Apocynum venetum L.leaves using ionic liquidbased ultrasonic-assisted extraction coupled with an aqueous biphasic system[J].Molecules,2016,21(3):1-11.
[16]XU D P,ZHENG J,ZHOU Y,et al.Ultrasound-assisted extraction of natural antioxidants from the flower of Limonium sinuatum:Optimization and comparison with conventional methods[J].Food chemistry,2017,217:552-559.
[17]温晋芳,姜在民,苑文柯,等.唐棣果黄酮类化合物的提取及抗氧化性研究[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(2):218-224.
[18]杜鹏瑶,王丽红,刘德江,等.响应面法优化树舌灵芝多糖提取工艺[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(34):148-151,168.