大刺鳅雌雄个体形态差异分析
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摘要
【目的】研究大刺鳅(Mastacembelusarmatus)形态性状和雌、雄个体的形态差异。【方法】运用差异显著性分析、主成分分析、R-聚类分析和判别分析测量分析了248尾珠江流域野生大刺鳅3个可量性状和25个标准化形态性状。【结果】差异显著性分析结果,在方差均呈齐性(P>0.05)的性状中,下颚长/头长和L1-3/体长这两个标准化性状达到显著水平,L1-2/体长、L2-8/体长、L3-4/体长、L3-5/体长、L4-6/体长、L5-6/体长和L7-8/体长等12个性状达到极显著水平。在主成分分析中,提取3个主成分,累积贡献率达到87.169%,结合主成分分析和R-聚类分析的结果,表明大刺鳅个体的差异主要集中在头部、鱼体形态和尾部3个方面。通过逐步判别分析法从248尾大刺鳅的25个标准化形态性状中筛选出16个性状,建立性别判别方程,对雌、雄群体的综合判别准确率为69.2%。【结论】雌性与雄性比较,头部和躯干部较长,眼间距较宽,体高较高;而雄性与雌性比较,上下颚较长,尾部较长,体长较长
【Objectives】The main morphological characters and variations of Mastacembelus armatus were studied between male and female.【Method】 Differential significance analysis,principal component analysis,R-cluster analysis and discriminant analysis were used to measure and analyze 3 quantitative characters and 25 standardized character traits of 248 individuals in the Pearl River basin.【Result】In the characters where the variances are homogeneous(P>0.05)difference significance analysis results show that 2 characters of Upper jaw length/Head length and L1-3/Body length reached a significant level and 12 characters reaching a very significant level.In the principal component analysis,3 principal components were extracted,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 87.169%.Combined with the results of principal component analysis and R-cluster analysis,it is shown that the differences in the individuals of M.armatus are mainly concentrated in the head,fish morphology and tail.Sixteen characters were screened out from 25 standardized morphological characters of 248 M.armatus by stepwise discriminant analysis.The sex discriminant equation was established and the comprehensive discriminant accuracy rate for male and female population was 69.2%.【Conclusion】Females have longer heads and trunks,wider eye spacing,and longer body height than males;males have longer upper and lower jaws,longer tails,and longer body lengths than females.
【Objectives】The main morphological characters and variations of Mastacembelus armatus were studied between male and female.【Method】 Differential significance analysis,principal component analysis,R-cluster analysis and discriminant analysis were used to measure and analyze 3 quantitative characters and 25 standardized character traits of 248 individuals in the Pearl River basin.【Result】In the characters where the variances are homogeneous(P>0.05)difference significance analysis results show that 2 characters of Upper jaw length/Head length and L1-3/Body length reached a significant level and 12 characters reaching a very significant level.In the principal component analysis,3 principal components were extracted,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 87.169%.Combined with the results of principal component analysis and R-cluster analysis,it is shown that the differences in the individuals of M.armatus are mainly concentrated in the head,fish morphology and tail.Sixteen characters were screened out from 25 standardized morphological characters of 248 M.armatus by stepwise discriminant analysis.The sex discriminant equation was established and the comprehensive discriminant accuracy rate for male and female population was 69.2%.【Conclusion】Females have longer heads and trunks,wider eye spacing,and longer body height than males;males have longer upper and lower jaws,longer tails,and longer body lengths than females.
引文
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[11]张宏叶,陈树桥,王涛,等.河川沙塘鳢的形态指标体系及雌雄差异分析[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(6):138-142.
[2]BLYTHE B,HELFRICH L A,BEAL W E,et al.Determination of sex and maturational status of striped bass(Morone saxatilis)using ultrasonic imaging[J].Aquaculture,1994,125(1/2):175-184.
[3]FERGUSON A,TAGGART J B,PROD?HL P A,et al.The application of molecular markers to the study and conservation of fish populations,with special reference to Salmo[J].Journal of Fish Biology,2010,47(sA):103-126
[4]薛凌展.大刺鳅胚胎发育观察[J].淡水渔业,2014,44(2):101-104.
[5]舒琥,江小璐,杨华强,等.华南地区7个大刺鳅野生群体的形态差异分析[J].广州大学学报(自然科学版),2017,16(3):8-14.
[6]李润潼.鱼类的性别[J].生物学通报,1993,28(11):8-9.
[7]董武子,王涛,马力,等.秦巴山区多鳞白甲鱼人工繁殖试验[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2016,35(3):27-30.
[8]郭弘艺,魏凯,谢正丽,等.长江口银色鳗的形态指标体系及其雌雄鉴别[J].水产学报,2011,35(1):1-9.
[9]林植华,雷焕宗.雌雄两性黄颡鱼头部形态特征的增长[J].丽水师范专科学校学报,2004,26(2):39-41.
[10]董浚键,孙成飞.翘嘴鳜主要形态性状与体重的相关性及雌雄形态性状差异分析[J].渔业科学进展,2018,39(2):76-84.
[11]张宏叶,陈树桥,王涛,等.河川沙塘鳢的形态指标体系及雌雄差异分析[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(6):138-142.