替代法评定玉米及其副产物对成年麒麟母鸡的营养价值
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摘要
本试验旨在利用替代法评定玉米及其副产物对麒麟母鸡的营养价值,为麒麟鸡精准营养提供基础资料。选用80日龄健康、体重相近[(1.40±0.2)kg]的麒麟母鸡32只,随机分成4组,每组设8个重复,分别饲喂基础饲粮、玉米饲粮(20%的玉米+80%基础饲粮)、喷浆玉米皮饲粮(20%喷浆玉米皮+80%基础饲粮)和玉米胚芽粕饲粮(20%玉米胚芽粕+80%基础饲粮),试验采用全收粪法。预试期3 d,正试期4 d。结果表明:玉米,喷浆玉米皮和玉米胚芽粕的表观代谢能、氮校正表观代谢能及干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、粗灰分(Ash)、钙(Ca)、能量(GE)等养分的代谢率分别为15.10 MJ/kg、14.98 MJ/kg、95.16%、43.71%、45.98%、32.38%、51.07%、91.74%;11.01 MJ/kg、10.98 MJ/kg、62.76%、56.65%、80.26%、89.64%、44.23%、61.82%;10.83 MJ/kg、10.89 MJ/kg、65.02%、92.46%、84.15%、89.56%、47.82%、64.79%。玉米表观代谢能、氮校正表观代谢能和能量表观代谢率高于喷浆玉米皮和玉米胚芽粕(P<0.05),CP、EE、Ash的表观代谢率均低于喷浆玉米皮和玉米胚芽粕(P<0.05)。
The experiment was conducted to study the nutritional value in corn and its by-products by substitution method and to provide basic information for accurate nutrition of Frizzle hens.A total of 32 eightydays-old healthy Frizzle hens with average weight(1.40±0.2)kg were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups with 8 birds per replicate,and respectively fed with the basal diet, the corn diet(20% corn+80% basal diet),gunited corn bran diet(20% gunited corn bran +80% basal diet) and corn germ meal diet(20% corn germ meal+80% basal diet).The experiment was adopted with the whole fecal collection method.Protest period was 3 days and the experimental period was 4 days.The results showed that the apparent metabolic energy,nitrogen corrected apparent metabolic energy and metabolism rates of dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),crude fat(EE),crude ash(Ash),Ca and energy(GE) in corn(15.10 MJ/kg,14.98 MJ/kg,95.16%,43.71%,45.98%,32.38%,51.07%,91.74%),gunited corn bran(11.01 MJ/kg,10.98 MJ/kg,62.76%,56.65%,80.26%,89.64%,44.23%,61.82%) and corn germ meal(10.83 MJ/kg,10.89 MJ/kg,65.02%,92.46%,84.15%,89.56%,47.82%,64.79%) respectively.The apparent metabolic energy,nitrogen corrected apparent metabolic energy and metabolism rates of corn were higher than gunited corn bran and corn germ meal(P < 0.05),while the metabolism rates of CP,EE,Ash were lower than gunited corn bran and corn germ meal(P < 0.05).
The experiment was conducted to study the nutritional value in corn and its by-products by substitution method and to provide basic information for accurate nutrition of Frizzle hens.A total of 32 eightydays-old healthy Frizzle hens with average weight(1.40±0.2)kg were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups with 8 birds per replicate,and respectively fed with the basal diet, the corn diet(20% corn+80% basal diet),gunited corn bran diet(20% gunited corn bran +80% basal diet) and corn germ meal diet(20% corn germ meal+80% basal diet).The experiment was adopted with the whole fecal collection method.Protest period was 3 days and the experimental period was 4 days.The results showed that the apparent metabolic energy,nitrogen corrected apparent metabolic energy and metabolism rates of dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),crude fat(EE),crude ash(Ash),Ca and energy(GE) in corn(15.10 MJ/kg,14.98 MJ/kg,95.16%,43.71%,45.98%,32.38%,51.07%,91.74%),gunited corn bran(11.01 MJ/kg,10.98 MJ/kg,62.76%,56.65%,80.26%,89.64%,44.23%,61.82%) and corn germ meal(10.83 MJ/kg,10.89 MJ/kg,65.02%,92.46%,84.15%,89.56%,47.82%,64.79%) respectively.The apparent metabolic energy,nitrogen corrected apparent metabolic energy and metabolism rates of corn were higher than gunited corn bran and corn germ meal(P < 0.05),while the metabolism rates of CP,EE,Ash were lower than gunited corn bran and corn germ meal(P < 0.05).
引文
[1]陈彩文.日粮代谢能和蛋白质水平对麒麟鸡生长性能、养分利用率和消化酶活性的影响[D].广东海洋大学,2016.
[2]陈代文.动物营养与饲料学(第2版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2015.
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[5]黎秋平,王润莲,潘文,等.不同分子质量壳聚糖对麒麟鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及养分代谢率的影响[J].河南农业科学,2015,44(3):128~132
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[19]周克,刘国华,年芳,等.套算法和强饲法测定肉鸡玉米有效能值的比较[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(5):1461~1467.
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[21]Anderson P V,Kerr B J,Weber T E,et al.Determination and prediction of digestible and metabolizable energy from chemica analysis of corn coproducts fed to finishing pigs[J].Journal of Anima Science,2012,90(4):1242~1254.
[22]Li Q P,Gooneratne S R,Wang R L,et al.Effect of differen molecular weight of chitosans on performance and lipid metabolism in chicken[J].Animal Feed Science&Technology,2015,211:174~180.
[2]陈代文.动物营养与饲料学(第2版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2015.
[3]陈洁波,陶林,杜炳旺,等.麒麟鸡(翻毛鸡)外貌性状和生长性能研究[J].安徽农业科学,2013,17:7561~7563.
[4]黄剑韬,吴雪梅,江绮汶,等.酸化剂、微生态制剂和寡糖对麒麟鸡生长性能和消化道酶活力的影响[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(23):19~24.
[5]黎秋平,王润莲,潘文,等.不同分子质量壳聚糖对麒麟鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及养分代谢率的影响[J].河南农业科学,2015,44(3):128~132
[6]李国强,余北安,李靖.翻毛鸡种质性能的选育研究及其开发利用[J].中国畜禽种业,2008,4(4):57~59.
[7]林金杏,陈希杭,余北安,等.翻毛鸡的选育与推广[A].第十五次全国动物遗传育种学术讨论会[C].2009.
[8]林谦,戴求仲,蒋桂韬,等.玉米及其加工副产品的营养价值评定[J].中国饲料,2013,4:18~21.
[9]聂大娃,赵养涛,武书庚,等.套算法测定玉米代谢能适宜的玉米替代比例研究[J].动物营养学报,2008,20(5):606~610.
[10]潘文,王润莲,江国亮,等.1~28日龄麒麟鸡钙需要量[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(1):265~273.
[11]王超胜,贾刚,张克英,等.产蛋鸡玉米代谢能和氨基酸可利用率的评定[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(5):1189~1202.
[12]王红玉.蛋鸡玉米加工副产物营养价值的评定[D].四川农业大学,2016.
[13]王鹏宇.产蛋鸡饲料能量、蛋白质评定方法研究之一[D].西北农林科技大学,2010.
[14]王伟.尼克粉公母鸡饲料营养价值评定的比较研究[D].西北农林科技大学,2012.
[15]熊本海,罗清尧,赵峰.中国饲料成分及营养价值表(2016年第27版)制订说明[J].中国饲料,2016,21:33~43.
[16]赵佳,丁雪梅,王建萍,等.青脚麻肉鸡对不同来源玉米的代谢能值及近红外预测模型的构建[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(11):3453~3463.
[17]赵养涛,龚月生,武书庚,等.全收粪法与Cr2O3指示剂法测定家禽表观代谢能方法比较[J].中国饲料,2008,8:18~20.
[18]赵玉振,王润莲,张锐,等.饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡胫骨性能和免疫器官发育的影响[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(1):185~190.
[19]周克,刘国华,年芳,等.套算法和强饲法测定肉鸡玉米有效能值的比较[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(5):1461~1467.
[20]周克.套算法和排空强饲法测定肉鸡玉米有效能值的比较研究[D].甘肃农业大学,2015.
[21]Anderson P V,Kerr B J,Weber T E,et al.Determination and prediction of digestible and metabolizable energy from chemica analysis of corn coproducts fed to finishing pigs[J].Journal of Anima Science,2012,90(4):1242~1254.
[22]Li Q P,Gooneratne S R,Wang R L,et al.Effect of differen molecular weight of chitosans on performance and lipid metabolism in chicken[J].Animal Feed Science&Technology,2015,211:174~180.