构造破碎带巷道破坏机理分析及控制技术
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摘要
为了解决构造区破碎围岩巷道的支护问题,以兴业煤矿主斜井为研究背景,采用工程地质分析、数值模拟、理论计算和现场监测相结合的方法,对巷道变形破坏特征、变形破坏机理和支护对策进行了研究。研究结果表明:巷道变形破坏受围岩性质、地质构造、水、采空区、支护形式等多种因素的影响,其变形力学机制确定为ⅠAB CⅡA DⅢA B C复合型变形力学机制。通过变形力学机制转化,提出了"锚网索喷+底角锚杆+全断面注浆"耦合支护方案。数值模拟及现场工业试验结果显示,在此支护方案下,实现了支护体与围岩的耦合,经120天的监测结果显示,相比原支护方案,顶底板、两帮移近量分别由原来的380、345.7 mm降至46.7、36.9 mm。
In order to solve the support problems of roadway with broken surrounding rock in the structure zone,based on the mine main inclined shaft of Xingye Mine as the study background,an engineering geological analysis,numerical simulation,theoretical calculation and site monitoring and measuring combined method were applied to the study on the deformation failure features,deformation failure mechanism and support countermeasures of the roadway. The study results showed that the deformation failure of the roadway was affected by the surrounding rock property,geological structure,water,goaf,support method and several factors and the deformation mechanics mechanism was determined as ⅠABCⅡADⅢABCcomplex type deformation mechanics mechanism. With the deformation mechanics mechanism transformed,a " bolt / steel mesh / anchor / shotcrete + floor corner bolt + full sectional grouting" coupling support method was provided. The numerical simulation results showed that under the support plan,the coupling of the support mass and the surrounding rock was realized.The monitoring and measuring results of 120 days showed that in comparison with the previous support plan,the convergence between the roof and floor and between the two sidewalls was reduced from the previous 380 and 345. 7 mm to 46. 7 and 36. 9 mm individually. the surrounding rock deformation was effectively controlled.
In order to solve the support problems of roadway with broken surrounding rock in the structure zone,based on the mine main inclined shaft of Xingye Mine as the study background,an engineering geological analysis,numerical simulation,theoretical calculation and site monitoring and measuring combined method were applied to the study on the deformation failure features,deformation failure mechanism and support countermeasures of the roadway. The study results showed that the deformation failure of the roadway was affected by the surrounding rock property,geological structure,water,goaf,support method and several factors and the deformation mechanics mechanism was determined as ⅠABCⅡADⅢABCcomplex type deformation mechanics mechanism. With the deformation mechanics mechanism transformed,a " bolt / steel mesh / anchor / shotcrete + floor corner bolt + full sectional grouting" coupling support method was provided. The numerical simulation results showed that under the support plan,the coupling of the support mass and the surrounding rock was realized.The monitoring and measuring results of 120 days showed that in comparison with the previous support plan,the convergence between the roof and floor and between the two sidewalls was reduced from the previous 380 and 345. 7 mm to 46. 7 and 36. 9 mm individually. the surrounding rock deformation was effectively controlled.
引文
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[18]王卫军,侯朝炯.软岩巷道支护参数优化与工程实践[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(5):647-650.Wang Weijun,Hou Chaojiong.Optimum of supporting parameter of soft-rock roadway and engineering practice[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(5):647-650.
[19]王连国,李明远,王学知.深部高应力极软岩巷道锚注支护技术研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,16(4):2889-2893.Wang Lianguo,Li Mingyuan,Wang Xuezhi.Study on mechanisms and technology for bolting and grouting in special soft rock roadways under high stress[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics&Engineering,2005,16(4):2889-2893.
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[2]何满潮,孙晓明.中国煤矿软岩巷道工程支护设计与施工指南[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:120-138.
[3]何满潮,谢和平,彭苏萍,等.深部开采岩体力学研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2803-2813.He Manchao,Xie Heping,Peng Suping,et al.Study on rock mechanics in deep mining engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):2803-2813.
[4]He Manchao.Rock mechanics and hazard control in deep mining engineering in China[C]//Rock mechanics in underground construction.[sl]:Proceedings of ISRM International Symposium,2006.
[5]孙晓明.煤矿软岩巷道耦合支护理论研究及其设计系统开发[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2002.Sun Xiaoming.Research on coupling support theory of soft rock roadway in coal mine and its design system development[D].Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),2002.
[6]张向东,李庆文,黄开勇,等.采动影响下大跨度煤巷耦合支护技术研究与应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(1):60-68.Zhang Xiangdong,Li Qingwen,Huang Kaiyong,et al.Study of coupling support large-span coal roadway under mining dynamic load and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(1):60-68.
[7]刘传孝,王龙,刘志浩,等.软岩硐室稳定性的复合结构柔性反底拱控制时效分析[J].岩土工程,2012,34(8):1464-1468.Liu Chuanxiao,Wang Long,Liu Zhihao,et al.Time effects of flexible inverted arch with composite structures to control stability of chamber adjoining with soft rock masses[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(8):1464-1468.
[8]李学彬,杨仁树,高延法,等.杨庄矿软岩巷道锚杆与钢管混凝土支架联合支护技术研究[J].煤炭学报,2015,32(2):285-290.Li Xuebin,Yang Renshu,Gao Yanfa,et al.Study on combined support technology of bolt-mesh-shotcrete and concrete filled steel tubular supports for soft rock roadway in Yangzhuang Mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,32(2):285-290.
[9]孙晓明,何满潮,杨晓杰.深部软岩巷道锚网索耦合支护非线性设计方法研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(7):1061-1065.Sun Xiaoming,He Manchao,Yang Xiaojie.Research on nonlinear mechanics design method of bolt-net-anchor coupling support for deep soft rock tunnel[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(7):1061-1065.
[10]He Manchao.Physical modeling of an underground roadway excavation in geologically 45°inclined rock using infrared thermography[J].Engineering Geology,2011,121:165-176.
[11]刘泉声,张伟,卢兴利,等.断层破碎带大断面巷道的安全监控与稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(10):1954-1962.Liu Quansheng,Zhang Wei,Lu Xingli,et al.Safety monitoring and stability analysis of large-scale roadway in fault fracture zone[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(10):1954-1962.
[12]黄新贤,周钢,祁和刚,等.高应力破碎岩巷注锚支护技术[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2010,27(4):527-531.Huang Xinxian,Zhou Gang,Qi Hegang,et al.Grouting and bolt support technology for high-stressed and cracked rock roadway[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2010,27(4):527-531.
[13]常庆粮,周华强,李大伟,等.软岩破碎巷道大刚度二次支护稳定原理[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2007,24(2):169-172,177.Chang Qingliang,Zhou Huaqiang,Li Dawei,et al.Stability principle of extremely rigid secondary support for soft and broken rock roadway[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2007,24(2):169-172,177.
[14]彭文斌.FLAC3D实用教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[15]何满潮,景海河,孙晓明.软岩工程力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[16]He Manchao,Su Yonghua,Sun Xiaoming,et al.Study of models of stability reliability for surrounding rock in underground roadway[C]//Frontiers of Rock Mechanics and Sustainable Development in the 21st Century.Rotterdam:A A Balkema,2001:307-310.
[17]张国锋,曾开华,张春,等.旗山矿倾斜煤夹层巷道破坏机理及支护设计研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(1):22-27.Zhang Guofeng,Zeng Kaihua,Zhang Chun,et al.Failure mechanism and support design of interclated roadway surrounding inclined coal seam in Qishan Coal Mine[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2011,28(1):22-27.
[18]王卫军,侯朝炯.软岩巷道支护参数优化与工程实践[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(5):647-650.Wang Weijun,Hou Chaojiong.Optimum of supporting parameter of soft-rock roadway and engineering practice[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(5):647-650.
[19]王连国,李明远,王学知.深部高应力极软岩巷道锚注支护技术研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,16(4):2889-2893.Wang Lianguo,Li Mingyuan,Wang Xuezhi.Study on mechanisms and technology for bolting and grouting in special soft rock roadways under high stress[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics&Engineering,2005,16(4):2889-2893.
[20]陈育民,徐鼎平.FLAC/FLAC3D基础与工程实例[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.