根系分泌物对土壤中有机氯农药降解的强化效应及其作用机制
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摘要
借助盆栽模拟实验,研究了黑麦草根系分泌物对有机氯农药的降解效应及其对土壤微生物群落特征的影响.结果显示,添加根系分泌物促进了污染土壤(TR2)中OCPs的去除:修复平衡15 d后,TR_2组土壤中OCPs去除率高达77.57%,比对照组(CK)高出33.49%,比微生物活性被抑制的TR_1组高出58.16%;相同污染水平下,TR_2土样中微生物生物量碳量也明显高于CK、TR_1组.实验期间,细菌的磷脂脂肪酸在OCPs污染土壤中占主导地位,其次为真菌,其在土壤微生物群落中变化趋势与OCPs降解变化一致,说明OCPs降解过程中,根系分泌物主要通过影响细菌、真菌的种群数量及其群落结构,进而影响OCPs降解.
Pot experiments are carried out to investigate the degradation effects of ryegrass( Lolium perenne) root exudates on organochlorine pesticides( OCPs) and on soil microflora characteristics. The results show that ryegrass root exudates stimulated the elimination of OCPs in the polluted soil( TR2)15 days after the redressed balance. The removal rate of OCPs in the soil( TR2) is the highest,at an average of 77. 57%,33. 49% higher than that of the control group( CK) and 58. 16% higher than that of TR1. During the experiment,the phospholipid fatty acid dominates in the polluted OCPs soil and followed by fungi that have the same variation trend as the OCPs degradation. This indicates that during the degradation of OCPs,the root exudates mainly influence the degradation by disturbing the population quantity and community structure of bacteria and fungi.
Pot experiments are carried out to investigate the degradation effects of ryegrass( Lolium perenne) root exudates on organochlorine pesticides( OCPs) and on soil microflora characteristics. The results show that ryegrass root exudates stimulated the elimination of OCPs in the polluted soil( TR2)15 days after the redressed balance. The removal rate of OCPs in the soil( TR2) is the highest,at an average of 77. 57%,33. 49% higher than that of the control group( CK) and 58. 16% higher than that of TR1. During the experiment,the phospholipid fatty acid dominates in the polluted OCPs soil and followed by fungi that have the same variation trend as the OCPs degradation. This indicates that during the degradation of OCPs,the root exudates mainly influence the degradation by disturbing the population quantity and community structure of bacteria and fungi.
引文
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[4]Gao H J,Jiang X,Wang F,et al.Residual levels and new inputs of ohlorinated POPs in agricultural soils from Taihu lake region[J].Pedosphere,2005,15(3):301-309.
[5]潘声旺,吴云霄,罗竟红,等.成都城区蔬菜地土壤中农药残留及其分布特征[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(3):538-543.
[6]谢晓梅,廖敏,杨静.黑麦草根系分泌物剂量对污染土壤芘降解和土壤微生物的影响[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(10):2718-2724.
[7]Pan S W,Wei S Q,Yuan X,et al.The removal and remediation of phenanthrene and pyrene in soil by mixed cropping of alfalfa and rape[J].Agricult Sci Chin,2008,7(11):1355-1364.
[8]李振高,骆永明,腾英.土壤与环境微生物研究法[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
[9]Sumia K,Muhammad A,Samina I,et al.Plant-bacteria partnerships for the remediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soils[J].Chemosphere,2013,90(4):1317-1332.
[10]Abhilash P C,Powell J R,Singh H B,et al.Plant-microbe interactions:novel applications for exploitation in multipurpose remediation technologies[J].Cell,2012,30(8):416-420.
[11]Nagata Y,Miyauchi K,Takagi M.Complete analysis of genes and enzymes forγ-hexachlorocyclohexane degradation in Sphingomonas paucimobilis UT26[J].J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol,1999,23(4-5):380-390.
[12]Jagnow G,Haider K,Ellwardt P C.Anaerobic dechlorination and degradation of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers by anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria[J].Arch Microbiol,1977,115(3):285-292.
[13]Adi S P,Ichiro K,Ryuichiro K.Degradation of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane(DDT)by brown-rot fungi[J].J Biosci Bioeng,2008,105(6):614-621.