中药煎煮液对菜心体内5种多环芳烃的净化效果
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摘要
【目的】分析不同种类中药煎煮液对菜心体内多环芳烃(PAHs)的净化效果,为降低PAHs污染蔬菜风险提供参考依据。【方法】利用萘(NAP)、菲(PHE)、荧蒽(FLT)、苯并(α)蒽(Ba A)和苯并(α)芘(Ba P)5种PAHs混合液涂抹菜心1 d后,再采用板蓝根、大青叶、淫羊藿、银杏叶、麦冬和黄芪6种中药煎煮液分别喷洒菜心植株,7 d后检测分析菜心体内5种PAHs含量的残留情况。【结果】使用6种中药煎煮液(浓度分别为50.0、100.0和200.0 g/L)喷洒PAHs涂抹胁迫的菜心后,检测到菜心体内的NAP、PHE、FLT、Ba A和Ba P含量分别为1.58~1.71、0、0~3.86、1.63~2.15和3.62~5.63μg/kg。6种中药煎煮液对PHE均有显著的净化效果(P<0.05),其中,板蓝根煎煮液对NAP和大青叶煎煮液对Ba P的净化效果较明显,淫羊藿煎煮液对FLT的净化效果较佳,100.0 g/L淫羊藿煎煮液对Ba A也有一定的净化作用。【结论】中药煎煮液对菜心体内PAHs的净化效果与中药种类有关,与其使用浓度关系不密切,其中以大青叶和淫羊藿煎煮液的净化效果较佳。
【Objective】The purification effects of different kinds of traditional Chinese medicine decoction liquid on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAHs)in Chinese flowering cabbage were analyzed. It provided reference for reducing the PAHs pollution risks of vegetables.【Method】The mixed liquids of five kinds of PAHs were used to daub Chinese flowering Cabbage for 1 d,and then six kinds of traditional Chinese medicine decoction liquid were used to spray on it.After 7 d,the residual of PAHs contents in the vegetable were detected and analyzed. The five kinds of PAHs were naphthalene(NAP),phenanthrene(PHE),fluoranthene(FLT),benzo(a)anthracene(Ba A),and benzo(a)pyrene(Ba P),while six kinds of traditional Chinese medicine were radix isatidis,folium isatidis,herba epimedii,ginkgo leaf,radix ophiopogonis and Astragalus membranaceus.【Result】After spraying the Chinese flowering Cabbage with the three concentrations(50.0,100.0 and 200.0 g/L)of six kinds of traditional Chinese medicine decoctions liquid which was daubed by PAHs,the contents of NAP,PHE,FLT,Ba A and Ba Pe in Chinese flowering cabbage were 1.58-1.71,0,0-3.86,1.63-2.15 and 3.62-5.63 μg/kg respectively. The purification effects of six kinds of traditional Chinese medicine decoction liquid on PHE were significant(P<0.05),and the purification effects of radix isatidis on NAP and those of folium isatidis on Ba P were obvious. The purification effects of herba epimedii on FLT were sound,and herba epimedii also had certain purification effects on Ba A.【Conclusion】The purification effects of traditional Chinese medicine decoction liquid on PAHs in Chinese flowering Cabbage are related to the kinds of traditional Chinese medicine,but are not closely related to concentration. The purification effects of folium isatidis and herba epimedii decoction liquid are fine.
【Objective】The purification effects of different kinds of traditional Chinese medicine decoction liquid on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAHs)in Chinese flowering cabbage were analyzed. It provided reference for reducing the PAHs pollution risks of vegetables.【Method】The mixed liquids of five kinds of PAHs were used to daub Chinese flowering Cabbage for 1 d,and then six kinds of traditional Chinese medicine decoction liquid were used to spray on it.After 7 d,the residual of PAHs contents in the vegetable were detected and analyzed. The five kinds of PAHs were naphthalene(NAP),phenanthrene(PHE),fluoranthene(FLT),benzo(a)anthracene(Ba A),and benzo(a)pyrene(Ba P),while six kinds of traditional Chinese medicine were radix isatidis,folium isatidis,herba epimedii,ginkgo leaf,radix ophiopogonis and Astragalus membranaceus.【Result】After spraying the Chinese flowering Cabbage with the three concentrations(50.0,100.0 and 200.0 g/L)of six kinds of traditional Chinese medicine decoctions liquid which was daubed by PAHs,the contents of NAP,PHE,FLT,Ba A and Ba Pe in Chinese flowering cabbage were 1.58-1.71,0,0-3.86,1.63-2.15 and 3.62-5.63 μg/kg respectively. The purification effects of six kinds of traditional Chinese medicine decoction liquid on PHE were significant(P<0.05),and the purification effects of radix isatidis on NAP and those of folium isatidis on Ba P were obvious. The purification effects of herba epimedii on FLT were sound,and herba epimedii also had certain purification effects on Ba A.【Conclusion】The purification effects of traditional Chinese medicine decoction liquid on PAHs in Chinese flowering Cabbage are related to the kinds of traditional Chinese medicine,but are not closely related to concentration. The purification effects of folium isatidis and herba epimedii decoction liquid are fine.
引文
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杨明忠,晏再生,吴慧芳,江和龙,张雨,张海晨.2016.水生植物与根际/根内微生物相互作用对沉积物中多环芳烃降解的影响[J].化学与生物工程,33(12):6-13.[Yang MZ,Yan Z S,Wu H F,Jiang H L,Zhang Y,Zhang H C.2016.Effects of interactions between aquatic plants and rizosphere/endophytic microorganism on degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment[sJ].Chemistry&Bioengineering,33(12):6-13.]
许超,夏北成,黄雄飞.2009.玉米幼苗对芘污染土壤微生物活性及多样性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,28(6):1106-1114.[Xu C,Xia B C,Huang X F.2009.Influence of young maize(Zea mays L.)on soil microbial activity and community structure diversity in a pyrene contaminated soil[J].Journal of Agro-environment Science,28(6):1106-1114.]
钟磊,周立祥,王世梅.2010.菲降解菌的分离鉴定及其在污染土壤生物修复中的应用[J].农业环境科学学报,29(3):465-470.[Zhong L,Zhou L X,Wang S M.2010.Isolation and identification of phenanthrene degrading bacteria and their roles in bioremediation of phenanthrenecontaminated soil[J].Journal of Agro-environment Science,29(3):465-470.]
诸卫平.2013.水稻秸秆烟灰对蔬菜生长及品质影响的研究[D].南宁:广西大学.[Zhu W P.2013.Studies on the effects of smoke and ash from burning rice straw on growth and quality of vegetable crop[sD].Nanning:Guangxi University.]
Elsaeid M H,Alturki A M,Nadeem M E,Hassanin A S,Alwabel M I.2015.Photolysis degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)on surface sandy soil[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,22(13):9603-9616.
Huang L,Bohac S V,Chernyak S M,Batterman S A.2013.Composition and integrity of PAHs,nitro-PAHs,hopanes,and steranes in diesel exhaust particulate matter[J].Water,Air&Soil Pollution,224(8):1-14.
Jiang B,Zheng H L,Huang G Q.2007.Characterization and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in sediments of Haihe River,Tianjin,China[J].Journal of Environment Sciences,19(3):306-311.
Lu J G,Xu R,Zhang Q,Liu J Y,Wei F S.2009.Primary investigation of the pollution status of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in water and soil of Xuanwei and Fuyuan,Yunnan Province,China[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,54(19):3528-3535.
Orgi R O,Asuquo E F,Ibok J U.2006.Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in surface sediments of Great Kwa River,Nigeria[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,77(6):868-873.
Rojo-nieto E,Perales-Vargas-Machuca J A.2012.Microbialdegradation of Pahs:Organisms and Environmental Compartments[M].Berlin:Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Shao Y,Wang Y,Wu X,Xu X Q,Kong S Q.2015.Biodegradation of PAHs by Acinetobacter isolated from karst groundwater in a coal-mining area[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,73(11):7479-7488.
Zhu Y,Zhang S,Huang H,Wen B.2009.Effects of maize root exudates and organic acids on the desorption of phenanthrene from soils[J].Journal of Environment Sciences,21(7):920-926.
刁硕,王红旗,许洁,赵一村.2017.低温耐盐芘降解菌的筛选鉴定及降解特性研究[J].中国环境科学,3(2):677-685.[Diao S,Wang H Q,Xu J,Zhao Y C.2017.Isolation,identification and analysis of degradation ability of a coldresistant haloduricpyrene-degrading strains[J].China Environmental Science,3(2):677-685.]
高彦征,朱利中,凌婉婷,熊巍.2005.土壤和植物样品的多环芳烃分析方法研究[J].农业环境科学学报,24(5):1003-1006.[Gao Y Z,Zhu L Z,Ling W T,Xiong W.2005.Analysis method for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in plant and soil samples[J].Journal of Agroenvironment Science,24(5):1003-1006.]
李云辉,莫测辉.2008.不同施肥条件对菜心中PAHs含量的影响[J].广东农业科学,(2):47-49.[Li Y H,Mo C H.2008.Effects of various fertilization on the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in Bra-ssica parachinensis[J].Guangdong Agriculture Sciences,(2):47-49.]
潘声旺,刘灿,黄方玉,李亚阑,唐海云,杨婷.2016.多环芳烃胁迫下根系分泌物对根际微生物降解效能的影响[J].成都大学学报(自然科学版),35(1):86-89.[Pan S W,Liu C,Huang F Y,Li Y L,Tang H Y,Yang T.2016.The effects of microbial degradation efficiency in rhizosphere and the root secretion under polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons stres[sJ].Journal of Chengdu University(Natural Science),35(1):86-89.]
彭碧莲,刘铭龙,隋凤凤,潘志平,李恋卿,潘根兴,程琨.2017.生物质炭对小白菜吸收多环芳烃的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,36(4):702-708.[Peng B L,Liu M L,Sui F F,Pan Z P,Li L Q,Pan G X,Cheng K.2017.E-ffects of biochar on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)bioaccumulation in Chinese cabbage[J].Journal of Agro-environment Science,36(4):702-708.]
汤敏,欧阳平.2016.水中多环芳烃(PAHs)的去除技术研究进展[J].应用化工,45(5):962-966.[Tang M,Ouyang P.2016.Research progress of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)removal techniques[J].Applied Chemical Industry,45(5):962-966.]
王涛,蓝慧,田云,卢向阳.2016.多环芳烃的微生物降解机制研究进展[J].化学与生物工程,33(2):8-14.[Wang T,Lan H,Tian Y,Lu X Y.2016.Research progress on microbial degradation mechanisms for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons[J].Chemistry&Bioengineering,33(2):8-14.]
杨明忠,晏再生,吴慧芳,江和龙,张雨,张海晨.2016.水生植物与根际/根内微生物相互作用对沉积物中多环芳烃降解的影响[J].化学与生物工程,33(12):6-13.[Yang MZ,Yan Z S,Wu H F,Jiang H L,Zhang Y,Zhang H C.2016.Effects of interactions between aquatic plants and rizosphere/endophytic microorganism on degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment[sJ].Chemistry&Bioengineering,33(12):6-13.]
许超,夏北成,黄雄飞.2009.玉米幼苗对芘污染土壤微生物活性及多样性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,28(6):1106-1114.[Xu C,Xia B C,Huang X F.2009.Influence of young maize(Zea mays L.)on soil microbial activity and community structure diversity in a pyrene contaminated soil[J].Journal of Agro-environment Science,28(6):1106-1114.]
钟磊,周立祥,王世梅.2010.菲降解菌的分离鉴定及其在污染土壤生物修复中的应用[J].农业环境科学学报,29(3):465-470.[Zhong L,Zhou L X,Wang S M.2010.Isolation and identification of phenanthrene degrading bacteria and their roles in bioremediation of phenanthrenecontaminated soil[J].Journal of Agro-environment Science,29(3):465-470.]
诸卫平.2013.水稻秸秆烟灰对蔬菜生长及品质影响的研究[D].南宁:广西大学.[Zhu W P.2013.Studies on the effects of smoke and ash from burning rice straw on growth and quality of vegetable crop[sD].Nanning:Guangxi University.]
Elsaeid M H,Alturki A M,Nadeem M E,Hassanin A S,Alwabel M I.2015.Photolysis degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)on surface sandy soil[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,22(13):9603-9616.
Huang L,Bohac S V,Chernyak S M,Batterman S A.2013.Composition and integrity of PAHs,nitro-PAHs,hopanes,and steranes in diesel exhaust particulate matter[J].Water,Air&Soil Pollution,224(8):1-14.
Jiang B,Zheng H L,Huang G Q.2007.Characterization and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in sediments of Haihe River,Tianjin,China[J].Journal of Environment Sciences,19(3):306-311.
Lu J G,Xu R,Zhang Q,Liu J Y,Wei F S.2009.Primary investigation of the pollution status of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in water and soil of Xuanwei and Fuyuan,Yunnan Province,China[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,54(19):3528-3535.
Orgi R O,Asuquo E F,Ibok J U.2006.Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in surface sediments of Great Kwa River,Nigeria[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,77(6):868-873.
Rojo-nieto E,Perales-Vargas-Machuca J A.2012.Microbialdegradation of Pahs:Organisms and Environmental Compartments[M].Berlin:Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Shao Y,Wang Y,Wu X,Xu X Q,Kong S Q.2015.Biodegradation of PAHs by Acinetobacter isolated from karst groundwater in a coal-mining area[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,73(11):7479-7488.
Zhu Y,Zhang S,Huang H,Wen B.2009.Effects of maize root exudates and organic acids on the desorption of phenanthrene from soils[J].Journal of Environment Sciences,21(7):920-926.