干旱胁迫对麻叶绣线菊光合及荧光参数的影响
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摘要
以麻叶绣线菊幼苗为试验材料,采用盆栽控水方法研究土壤水分对麻叶绣线菊光合和荧光参数的影响。结果表明:麻叶绣线菊净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)在轻度干旱胁迫下最高,之后随着干旱加剧而减少,胞间CO_2浓度(Ci)在中度干旱胁迫时下降,在重度干旱胁迫时显著升高,水分利用效率(WUE)在中度干旱胁迫下达到最大,重度干旱胁迫下显著下降。在轻度干旱胁迫下麻叶绣线菊的光饱和点(LSP)、最大净光合速率(Pnmax)、暗呼吸速率(Rd)和表观量子效率(AQY)显著增加,之后随着胁迫加剧逐渐减少,光补偿点(LCP)则相反。在中度和重度干旱胁迫下麻叶绣线菊的最大荧光(Fm)、最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和PSII的量子效率(Fv/Fo)显著减少,初始荧光(Fo)显著升高,能量分配比率参数φPo、Ψo、φEo逐渐下降,φDo逐渐增加,代表单位反应中心活性的参数ABS/RC、TRo/RC、ETo/RC和DIo/RC逐渐升高。研究表明,麻叶绣线菊生长适宜的土壤水分为田间最大持水量的75%,在中度干旱胁迫下光合作用降低的主要原因为气孔因素,而在重度干旱胁迫下光合作用的下降主要为非气孔因素。
The effect of soil moisture gradient on photosynthesis and fluorescence parameters of Spiraea cantoniensis was studied.The results showed that:(1)The net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs)and transpiration rate(Tr)of Spiraea cantoniensis were the highest under mild drought stress and then decreased with the increase of drought.The intercellular CO_2 concentration(Ci)in moderate drought stress decreased significantly but increased in severe drought stress.The water use efficiency(WUE)got maximum under moderate drought stress,declined significantly under severe drought stress.(2)The light saturation point(LSP),maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pnmax),dark respiration rate(Rd)and apparent quantum yield(AQY)of Spiraea cantoniensis increased significantly under mild drought stress and significantly under severe drought stress decrease,light compensation point(LCP)is the opposite.(3)In moderate and serious drought stress,the maximum fluorescence(Fm),maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm)and PSII quantum yield(Fv/Fo)were significantly decreased and the initial fluorescence(Fo)increased.The parameter of energy allocation rateφPo,ψo,φEogradually decreased andφDoincreased gradually.The param-eters ABS/RC,TRo/RC,ETo/RCand DIo/RC which represent the activity of unit reaction center increased gradually.Studies have shown that Spiraea cantoniensis growth if the suitable soil moisture for 75% of field maximum moisture capacity.The main cause of the decrease in the photosynthesis of Spiraea cantoniensis in the medium drought stress was stomatal factor,while the decrease of photosynthesis under severe drought stress was mainly non-stomatal factor.
The effect of soil moisture gradient on photosynthesis and fluorescence parameters of Spiraea cantoniensis was studied.The results showed that:(1)The net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs)and transpiration rate(Tr)of Spiraea cantoniensis were the highest under mild drought stress and then decreased with the increase of drought.The intercellular CO_2 concentration(Ci)in moderate drought stress decreased significantly but increased in severe drought stress.The water use efficiency(WUE)got maximum under moderate drought stress,declined significantly under severe drought stress.(2)The light saturation point(LSP),maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pnmax),dark respiration rate(Rd)and apparent quantum yield(AQY)of Spiraea cantoniensis increased significantly under mild drought stress and significantly under severe drought stress decrease,light compensation point(LCP)is the opposite.(3)In moderate and serious drought stress,the maximum fluorescence(Fm),maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm)and PSII quantum yield(Fv/Fo)were significantly decreased and the initial fluorescence(Fo)increased.The parameter of energy allocation rateφPo,ψo,φEogradually decreased andφDoincreased gradually.The param-eters ABS/RC,TRo/RC,ETo/RCand DIo/RC which represent the activity of unit reaction center increased gradually.Studies have shown that Spiraea cantoniensis growth if the suitable soil moisture for 75% of field maximum moisture capacity.The main cause of the decrease in the photosynthesis of Spiraea cantoniensis in the medium drought stress was stomatal factor,while the decrease of photosynthesis under severe drought stress was mainly non-stomatal factor.
引文
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[19]卜令铎,张仁和,常宇,等.苗期玉米叶片光合特性对水分胁迫的响应[J].生态学报,2010,30(5):1184-1191.
[20]李娟,彭镇华,高健,等.干旱胁迫下黄条金刚竹的光合和叶绿素荧光特性[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(6):1395-1402.
[2]金英杰.浅谈我国水资源短缺的现状及节水措施[J].中国高新技术企业,2009(15):7-39.
[3]周卫玲.北方资源型缺水城市节水型园林绿地建设研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2010.
[4]刘正兰,刘军,冯秋平.麻叶绣线菊的组织培养与快速繁殖[J].植物生理学通讯,2008,44(3):527-528.
[5]王建华,任士福,史宝胜,等.遮荫对连翘光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(7):1811-1817.
[6]胡义,胡庭兴,胡红玲,等.干旱胁迫对香樟幼树生长及光合特性的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2014,20(4):675-682.
[7]叶子飘.光合作用对光合CO2响应模型的研究进展[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(6):727-740.
[8]魏晓东,陈国祥,施大伟,等.干旱胁迫对银杏叶片光合系统II荧光特性的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(23):7492-7500.
[9]Sofo A,Dichio B,Montanaro G,et al.Photosynthetic performance and light respose of two olive cultivars under different water and light regimes[J].Photosynthetica,2009,47(4):602-608.
[10]路丙社,白志英,崔建州,等.干旱胁迫对阿月浑子叶片光合作用的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2004,27(1):43-47.
[11]李志军,罗青红,伍维模,等.干旱胁迫对胡杨和灰叶胡杨光合作用及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].干旱区研究,2009,26(1):45-52.
[12]姬兰柱,肖冬梅,王森.模拟水分胁迫对水曲柳光合速率及水分利用效率的影响关[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(3):1516-1524.
[13]Farquhar G D,Sharkey T D.Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology,1982,33(1):317-345.
[14]叶子飘,于强.光合作用光响应模型的比较[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(6):1356-1361.
[15]陆燕元,马焕成,李昊民,等.土壤干旱对转基因甘薯光合曲线的响应[J].生态学报,2015,35(7):2155-2160.
[16]Xia J B,Zhang S Y,Zhang G C,et al.Critical responses of photosynthetic efficiency in Campsis radicans(L.)Seem to soil water and light intensities[J].African Journal of Biotechnology,2011,10(77):17748-17754.
[17]倪霞,曹永慧,周本智,等.干旱处理对毛竹光响应的影响:基于4种模型比较分析[J].林业科学研究,2017,30(3):465-471.
[18]杨丽文,李敬蕊,高洪波,等.干旱胁迫下外源物质对番茄幼苗活性氧代谢及光合作用的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2012,35(2):18-24.
[19]卜令铎,张仁和,常宇,等.苗期玉米叶片光合特性对水分胁迫的响应[J].生态学报,2010,30(5):1184-1191.
[20]李娟,彭镇华,高健,等.干旱胁迫下黄条金刚竹的光合和叶绿素荧光特性[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(6):1395-1402.