“十二五”期间湘江株洲段水环境健康风险评价
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摘要
根据2011—2015年湘江株洲段水质监测资料,对朱亭、枫溪、白石和霞湾4个水质断面的环境健康风险状况进行评价。结果表明:(1)躯体毒物质的个人年风险大小排列为氟化物、铜、铅、氨氮、汞、氰化物、酚,而基因毒物质的个人年风险大小排序为砷、六价铬、镉;(2)基因毒物质所产生的健康风险远超过躯体毒物质,基因毒物质为各断面的优先控制污染物,氟化物为躯体毒物质中优先控制污染物;(3)"十二五"期间,4个断面经由饮水途径所致健康危害的个人年总风险,均超过国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大可接受值。该评价结论对于指导湘江株洲段水环境风险管理具有参考价值。
Water environmental health risk assessment for Zhuzhou Reach in Xiangjiang River was conducted based on the water environment health risk analysis model and monitoring date during the years of 2011-2015. The result shows that:(1)Ranking of average risk deriving from non-gene toxic substances via drinking water was fluoride,Cu,Pb,NH3,Hg,cyanide,hydroxybenzene,and the ranking of average risk due to gene toxic substances via drinking water was As,Cr6 +,Cd on the whole.(2)Health risk for individual person caused by gene toxic substances was far greater than that of non-gene toxic substances. Therefore,gene toxic substances should be afforded prior attention. As for nongene toxic substances,fluoride was the highest priority pollutant among the 4 controlling sections for water quality in the Zhuzhou Reach of Xiangjiang River.(3)Total heath risk caused by all pollutants for the 4 sections during the period of the 12 th five-year-plan was higher than the value recommended by ICRP. The results can provide important information for water quality management and protection in the Zhuzhou Reach of Xiangjiang River.
Water environmental health risk assessment for Zhuzhou Reach in Xiangjiang River was conducted based on the water environment health risk analysis model and monitoring date during the years of 2011-2015. The result shows that:(1)Ranking of average risk deriving from non-gene toxic substances via drinking water was fluoride,Cu,Pb,NH3,Hg,cyanide,hydroxybenzene,and the ranking of average risk due to gene toxic substances via drinking water was As,Cr6 +,Cd on the whole.(2)Health risk for individual person caused by gene toxic substances was far greater than that of non-gene toxic substances. Therefore,gene toxic substances should be afforded prior attention. As for nongene toxic substances,fluoride was the highest priority pollutant among the 4 controlling sections for water quality in the Zhuzhou Reach of Xiangjiang River.(3)Total heath risk caused by all pollutants for the 4 sections during the period of the 12 th five-year-plan was higher than the value recommended by ICRP. The results can provide important information for water quality management and protection in the Zhuzhou Reach of Xiangjiang River.
引文
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[2]胡二邦.环境风险评价实用技术和方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2000.
[3]李如忠,石勇,王玉锋.淮河蚌埠段水环境健康风险评价[J].水电能源科学,2008,26(2):37-40.
[4]孙树青,胡国华,王勇泽,等.湘江干流水环境健康风险评价[J].安全与环境学报,2006,6(2):12-15.
[5]PRUPPERS M J M,JANSSEN M P M,ALE B J M,et al.Accumulation of environmental risks to human health:Geographical differences in the Netherlands[J].Journal of hazardous materials,1998,61(1/2/3):187-196.
[6]韩冰,何江涛,陈鸿汉,等.地下水有机污染人体健康风险评价初探[J].地学前缘,2006,13(1):224-229.
[7]钱家忠,李如忠,汪家权,等.城市供水水源地水质健康风险评价[J].水利学报,2004,35(8):90-93.
[8]李如忠.基于不确定信息的城市水源水环境健康风险评价[J].水利学报,2007,38(8):895-900.
[9]王勇泽,李诚,孙树青,等.黄河三门峡段水环境健康风险评价[J].水资源保护,2007,23(1):28-30.
[10]黄奕龙,王仰麟,谭启宇,等.城市饮用水源地水环境健康风险评价及风险管理[J].地学前缘,2006,13(3):162-168.