不同人格特质与躯体健康状况相关性探索
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摘要
目的:探索女大学生不同人格特质与躯体健康状况之间的关系。方法:运用艾森克人格简式量表(EPQ-RSC)、贝克焦虑量表(BAI)及自拟躯体健康状况问卷作为测评工具,在山东中医药大学、山西中医药大学、北京中医药大学、北京师范大学4所大学的在校女大学生中进行问卷调查。结果:653例调查对象中,艾森克人格简式量表TP的平均分为(48.56±9.48)分,TE的平均分为(50.16±10.29)分,TN的平均分为(49.61±10.62)分,TL的平均分为(50.58±9.62)分,其中神经质、精神质得分低于全国常模,内外向得分高于全国常模,而掩饰性得分与全国常模无显著差异。此外,本次调查对象的贝克焦虑量表(BAI)平均分为(31.10±6.73)分,其中存在焦虑情绪的调查对象有31例(4.7%)。而在健康状态下的女大学生尚存在或多或少的躯体不适,50%以上的调查对象均出现了怕冷、口干、全身疲乏、善太息的躯体不适。经spearman相关分析发现,神经质、内外向、精神质及掩饰性均与BAI的得分及全身烘热、头部沉重、头胀、自汗等躯体不适存在相关性。其中神经质与BAI得分及一些躯体不适呈正相关,而内外向、掩饰性与BAI得分及一些躯体不适呈负相关,精神质与BAI的得分及头胀、自汗、全身烘热、头部沉重等躯体不适呈正相关,与月经周期不规律、大便干燥、耳鸣等躯体不适呈负相关。结论:人格与健康状况存在密切关系,主要体现在不同人格维度均与焦虑情绪以及一些躯体不适均存在相关性。
Objective:To explore the relationship between different personality traits and physical health status of female college students. Methods:EPQ-RSC,BAI and self-designed physical health questionnaires were used as assessment tools,a questionnaire survey was conducted among female university students at Shandong university of traditional Chinese medicine,Shanxi university of traditional Chinese medicine,and Beijing university of Chinese medicine and Beijing normal University. Results:Among the 653 subjects,the average score of the TP subscale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnairewas(48.56±9.48)points,the average TE score was(50.16±10.29)points,and the average TN score was(49.61±10.62)points. The average TL score was It is(50.58±9.62)points,in which the scores of neuroticism and psychoticism were lower than the national norm. The scores of introversion and extroversion were higher than the national norm,and the masking score was not significantly different from the national norm. In addition,the average score of the Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI)scale for this survey was(31.10±6.73)points,of which 31 subjects(4.7%)had anxiety. While female college students in health conditions still had more or less physical discomfort,more than 50% of the respondents had suffered from cold,dry mouth,general fatigue,and physical discomfort. The spearman correlation analysis found that neuroticism,introversion,psychoticism,and masking were all related to BAI scores and body discomforts such as body heating,head heaving,head bulging,and spontaneous sweating. Conclusion:There is a close relationship between personality and health status,which is mainly reflected in the correlation between personality dimensions and anxiety and some physical discomforts.
Objective:To explore the relationship between different personality traits and physical health status of female college students. Methods:EPQ-RSC,BAI and self-designed physical health questionnaires were used as assessment tools,a questionnaire survey was conducted among female university students at Shandong university of traditional Chinese medicine,Shanxi university of traditional Chinese medicine,and Beijing university of Chinese medicine and Beijing normal University. Results:Among the 653 subjects,the average score of the TP subscale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnairewas(48.56±9.48)points,the average TE score was(50.16±10.29)points,and the average TN score was(49.61±10.62)points. The average TL score was It is(50.58±9.62)points,in which the scores of neuroticism and psychoticism were lower than the national norm. The scores of introversion and extroversion were higher than the national norm,and the masking score was not significantly different from the national norm. In addition,the average score of the Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI)scale for this survey was(31.10±6.73)points,of which 31 subjects(4.7%)had anxiety. While female college students in health conditions still had more or less physical discomfort,more than 50% of the respondents had suffered from cold,dry mouth,general fatigue,and physical discomfort. The spearman correlation analysis found that neuroticism,introversion,psychoticism,and masking were all related to BAI scores and body discomforts such as body heating,head heaving,head bulging,and spontaneous sweating. Conclusion:There is a close relationship between personality and health status,which is mainly reflected in the correlation between personality dimensions and anxiety and some physical discomforts.
引文
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[3]阮松丽.人格因素、不同压力事件和情绪之间的关系[D].北京:首都师范大学,2007:27-50.
[4]张建.绝经过渡期女性艾森克人格特征与心理健康状况的相关性分析[J].医学信息:上旬刊,2011,24(7):4373-4374.
[5]赵云龙,赵建新.人格、应对方式和心理健康的关系研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2011,19(6):711-713.
[6]Jokela M,Pulkki-Raback L,Elovainio M,et al.Personality traits as risk factors for stroke and coronary heart disease mortality:pooled analysis of three cohort studies[J].J Behav Med,2014,37:881-889.
[7]Turiano NA,Pitzer L,Armour C,et al.Personality trait level and change as predictors of health outcomes:findings from a national study of Americans(MIDUS)[J].J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci,2012,67:4-12.
[8]DI Van,PS De,A Eertmans,et al.Negative effectivity and enhanced symptom reports:differentiating between symptomsin men and women[J].Social Science Medicine,2005,2005:61.
[9]WHO.Constitution of the world health oranization[J].Chronicle of the World Health Organizat,1947,1:29-43
[10]Fischer AH,Manstead ASR.The relation between genderand emotions in different cultures.In AH Fischer,Genderand emotion:Social psychology perspectives[M].New York:Cambridge University Press,2000:71-94.
[11]钱铭怡,武国城,朱荣春.艾森克人格问卷简式量表(EPQRSC)的修订[J].心理学报,2000,32(3):317-323.
[12]郑建荣,黄炽荣,黄洁晶,等.贝克焦虑量表的心里测量学特性、常模分数及因子结构的研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2002,10(1):4-6.
[13]唐利龙,邓华亮,赵勇.健康大学生生活事件与躯体健康状况的关系研究[J].世界中医药,2013,8(2):117-121.
[14]Taylor GJ.Alexithymia:concept,measurement,and implications for treatment[J].Am J Psychiatry,1989,141(6):725-732.
[2]凌辉,黄希庭,窦刚.中国大学生人格障碍的现状调查[J].心理科学,2008(2):277-281.
[3]阮松丽.人格因素、不同压力事件和情绪之间的关系[D].北京:首都师范大学,2007:27-50.
[4]张建.绝经过渡期女性艾森克人格特征与心理健康状况的相关性分析[J].医学信息:上旬刊,2011,24(7):4373-4374.
[5]赵云龙,赵建新.人格、应对方式和心理健康的关系研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2011,19(6):711-713.
[6]Jokela M,Pulkki-Raback L,Elovainio M,et al.Personality traits as risk factors for stroke and coronary heart disease mortality:pooled analysis of three cohort studies[J].J Behav Med,2014,37:881-889.
[7]Turiano NA,Pitzer L,Armour C,et al.Personality trait level and change as predictors of health outcomes:findings from a national study of Americans(MIDUS)[J].J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci,2012,67:4-12.
[8]DI Van,PS De,A Eertmans,et al.Negative effectivity and enhanced symptom reports:differentiating between symptomsin men and women[J].Social Science Medicine,2005,2005:61.
[9]WHO.Constitution of the world health oranization[J].Chronicle of the World Health Organizat,1947,1:29-43
[10]Fischer AH,Manstead ASR.The relation between genderand emotions in different cultures.In AH Fischer,Genderand emotion:Social psychology perspectives[M].New York:Cambridge University Press,2000:71-94.
[11]钱铭怡,武国城,朱荣春.艾森克人格问卷简式量表(EPQRSC)的修订[J].心理学报,2000,32(3):317-323.
[12]郑建荣,黄炽荣,黄洁晶,等.贝克焦虑量表的心里测量学特性、常模分数及因子结构的研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2002,10(1):4-6.
[13]唐利龙,邓华亮,赵勇.健康大学生生活事件与躯体健康状况的关系研究[J].世界中医药,2013,8(2):117-121.
[14]Taylor GJ.Alexithymia:concept,measurement,and implications for treatment[J].Am J Psychiatry,1989,141(6):725-732.