GIS设备典型缺陷的X射线数字成像检测技术
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摘要
GIS设备内部缺陷严重威胁着电力系统的安全可靠性。为了及时检出和准确诊断GIS内部潜在的危险缺陷,探索了基于X射线数字成像的GIS内部典型缺陷检测技术的可行性。归纳总结了GIS本体与其内部典型缺陷的主要材质,分析了X射线经过各种材质后的射线强度变化情况,基于此分析了X射线数字成像技术对各种典型缺陷的检测有效性,并通过实验对上述分析结果进行了验证。研究结果表明:X射线数字成像技术可以检测出对于高压金属尖端、壳体内金属颗粒、金属部件接触不良、绝缘子表面金属颗粒、绝缘子气隙等典型缺陷。文中的研究成果对于运用X射线数字成像技术开展GIS典型缺陷检测及对缺陷类型进行初步诊断具有重要的指导意义。
Internal defects of GIS equipment are main factors seriously threatening safety and reliability of power systems. To detect and diagnose potential defects in GIS, feasibility of digital X-ray imaging detection technology is studied. Structures and main materials of GISs and defects are summarized, and intensity difference of X-ray passing through several materials is analyzed. Based on the analysis, effectiveness of X-ray imaging technology for various defects in GIS is given out. Finally, effectiveness of this technique is verified with experiments. Research results show that X-ray imaging technology is effective for typical GIS defects such as HV metal tips, metal particles inside enclosure, poor contact of metal components, metal particles on insulator surface, and air-gaps in insulators. The results are of importance for detecting and diagnosing GIS defects based on digital X-ray imaging technology.
Internal defects of GIS equipment are main factors seriously threatening safety and reliability of power systems. To detect and diagnose potential defects in GIS, feasibility of digital X-ray imaging detection technology is studied. Structures and main materials of GISs and defects are summarized, and intensity difference of X-ray passing through several materials is analyzed. Based on the analysis, effectiveness of X-ray imaging technology for various defects in GIS is given out. Finally, effectiveness of this technique is verified with experiments. Research results show that X-ray imaging technology is effective for typical GIS defects such as HV metal tips, metal particles inside enclosure, poor contact of metal components, metal particles on insulator surface, and air-gaps in insulators. The results are of importance for detecting and diagnosing GIS defects based on digital X-ray imaging technology.
引文
[1]李乃永,张美玲,王昕,等.实现GIS故障精准辨识切除及自动恢复供电的母线保护新原理[J].电网技术,2015,39(10):2965-2971.Li Naiyong,Zhang Meiling,Wang Xin,et al.A new bus protection principle of GIS fault accurate isolation and automatic restoration of power supply[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(10):2965-2971(in Chinese).
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[7]卢启付,郑书生,李兴旺,等.GIS金属法兰孔特高频信号传播特性研究与外置式发射天线开发[J].电网技术,2013,37(8):2303-2309.Lu Qifu,Zheng Shusheng,Li Xingwang,et al.Analysis on equivalence between UHF discharge signals caused by voltage pulses[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(8):2303-2309(in Chinese).
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[9]朱海涛,刘晓华,李明,等.750 k V GIS隔离开关内部局放检测及诊断分析[J].高压电器,2010,46(8):6-9.Zhu Haitao,Liu Xiaohua,Li Ming,et al.Detection and diagnostic analysis of internal partial discharge in 750 k V GIS disconnector[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2010,46(8):6-9(in Chinese).
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[11]Hoshino T,Maruyama S,Sakakibara T,et al.Sensitivity of UHFcoupler and loop electrode with UHF method and their comparison for detecting partial discharge in GIS[C]//Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis Conference,Beijing,China,2008:978-982.
[12]郭涛涛,王达达,于虹,等.GIS设备X射线可视化检测中焦距的选择[J].南方电网技术,2012,6(3):111-114.Guo Taotao,Wang Dada,Yu Hong,et al.Selection of focal length parameter in the GIS equipment’s X-ray visualization testing[J].Southern Power System Technology,2012,6(3):111-114(in Chinese).
[13]郭涛涛,王达达,于虹,等.曝光量在GIS设备X射线可视化无损检测中的选择应用[J].核电子学与探测技术,2012,32(5):573-577.Guo Taotao,Wang Dada,Yu Hong,et al.The application on X-ray focal length parameter selection in[J].The Visualization Nondestructive Testing,2012,32(5):573-577(in Chinese).
[14]于虹.电力设备X射线数字图像拼接技术研究[J].云南电力技术,2015,43(1):1-6.Yu Hong.Research on the mosaic technology of X-ray digital image for electric power equipment[J].Yunnan Electric Power,2015,43(1):1-6(in Chinese).
[15]何喜梅,王志惠,杨小库,等.CR技术在电气设备检测中的典型应用[J].高压电器,2014,50(6):124-127.He Ximei,Wang Zhihui,Yang Xiaoku,et al.Typical application of CR technology in the detection of electrical equipment[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2014,50(6):124-127(in Chinese).
[16]傅智为,许军,林一泓,等.一起500 k V输变电工程启动调试中HGIS短路事故的分析研究[J].高压电器,2014,50(9):89-93.Fu Zhiwei,Xu Jun,Lin Yihong,et al.Analysis on a short accident of HGIS in start debugging process of the 500 k V power transmission project[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2014,50(9):89-93(in Chinese).
[17]徐世山,孟可风,刘文泉.一起363 k V GIS充电闪络故障的原因分析[J].高压电器,2007,43(1):74-76.Xu Shishan,Meng Kefeng,Liu Wenquan.Analysis of 363 k V gas insulated switchgear charging flashover fault[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2007,43(1):74-76(in Chinese).
[18]仇炜.某变电站GIS导体断裂原因的试验与分析[J].高压电器,2013,49(11):145-149.Qiu Wei.Reason analysis of a conductor fracture in GIS substation[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2013,49(11):145-149(in Chinese).
[19]张小海,刘二军.射线照相检验中X射线强度衰减的数值分析[J].无损检测,2012,34(6):1-4.Zhang Xiaohai,Liu Erjun.Numerical analysis on X-ray intensity attenuation in radiographic testing[J].Nondestructive Testing,2012,34(6):1-4(in Chinese).
[2]段韶峰,李志兵,詹花茂,等.252 k V GIS中特快速瞬态过电压和特快速瞬态电流特性试验研究[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):2046-2051.Duan Shaofeng,Li Zhibing,Zhan Huamao,et al.Experimental study on the characteristics of VFTO and VFTC in 252 k V GIS[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):2046-2051(in Chinese).
[3]詹花茂,姚林志,李志兵,等.252 k V GIS隔离开关特快速暂态过电压试验中触头间隙重复击穿过程研究[J].电网技术,2014,38(9):2570-2574.Zhan Huamao,Yao Linzhi,Li Zhibing,et al.Research on repeated breakdown process of disconnector contact gap during very fast transient overvoltage test of overall switching process of disconnector in 252 k V GIS[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(9):2570-2574(in Chinese).
[4]段韶峰,赵琳,李志兵,等.GIS中VFTO、VFTC统计特性试验和仿真方法研究[J].电网技术,2015,39(12):3634-3640.Duan Shaofeng,Zhao Lin,Li Zhibing,et al.Experimental and simulation study on statistical characteristics of VFTO and VFTC in GIS[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(12):3634-3640(in Chinese).
[5]王亮,郑书生,李成榕,等.GIS浇注孔传播内部局部放电UHF电磁波的特性[J].电网技术,2014,38(1):241-247.Wang Liang,Zheng Shusheng,Li Chengrong,et al.Distribution of electric field strength and spectral characteristic of UHF signal of partial discharge inside GIS at resin sprue of metal ring[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(1):241-247(in Chinese).
[6]李端姣,郑书生,黎量,等.人工电压脉冲与局部放电UHF信号的等效性分析[J].电网技术,2014,38(10):2900-2904.Li Duanjiao,Zheng Shusheng,Li Liang,et al.Artificially injected into GIS and that caused by actual partial discharge signals inside GIS[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(10):2900-2904(in Chinese).
[7]卢启付,郑书生,李兴旺,等.GIS金属法兰孔特高频信号传播特性研究与外置式发射天线开发[J].电网技术,2013,37(8):2303-2309.Lu Qifu,Zheng Shusheng,Li Xingwang,et al.Analysis on equivalence between UHF discharge signals caused by voltage pulses[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(8):2303-2309(in Chinese).
[8]丁登伟,高文胜,刘卫东.GIS结构尺寸对局部放电特高频信号的影响[J].电网技术,2013,37(10):2850-2854.Ding Dengwei,Gao Wensheng,Liu Weidong.Influence of structure dimension of GIS on UHF signal of partial discharge[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(10):2850-2854(in Chinese).
[9]朱海涛,刘晓华,李明,等.750 k V GIS隔离开关内部局放检测及诊断分析[J].高压电器,2010,46(8):6-9.Zhu Haitao,Liu Xiaohua,Li Ming,et al.Detection and diagnostic analysis of internal partial discharge in 750 k V GIS disconnector[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2010,46(8):6-9(in Chinese).
[10]李德军,沈威,郭志强.GIS局部放电常规检测和超声波检测方法的应用比较[J].高压电器,2009,45(6):99-103.Li Dejun,Shen Wei,Guo Zhiqiang.Application comparison between conventional and ultrasonic detection methods for GIS partial discharge[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2009,45(6):99-103(in Chinese).
[11]Hoshino T,Maruyama S,Sakakibara T,et al.Sensitivity of UHFcoupler and loop electrode with UHF method and their comparison for detecting partial discharge in GIS[C]//Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis Conference,Beijing,China,2008:978-982.
[12]郭涛涛,王达达,于虹,等.GIS设备X射线可视化检测中焦距的选择[J].南方电网技术,2012,6(3):111-114.Guo Taotao,Wang Dada,Yu Hong,et al.Selection of focal length parameter in the GIS equipment’s X-ray visualization testing[J].Southern Power System Technology,2012,6(3):111-114(in Chinese).
[13]郭涛涛,王达达,于虹,等.曝光量在GIS设备X射线可视化无损检测中的选择应用[J].核电子学与探测技术,2012,32(5):573-577.Guo Taotao,Wang Dada,Yu Hong,et al.The application on X-ray focal length parameter selection in[J].The Visualization Nondestructive Testing,2012,32(5):573-577(in Chinese).
[14]于虹.电力设备X射线数字图像拼接技术研究[J].云南电力技术,2015,43(1):1-6.Yu Hong.Research on the mosaic technology of X-ray digital image for electric power equipment[J].Yunnan Electric Power,2015,43(1):1-6(in Chinese).
[15]何喜梅,王志惠,杨小库,等.CR技术在电气设备检测中的典型应用[J].高压电器,2014,50(6):124-127.He Ximei,Wang Zhihui,Yang Xiaoku,et al.Typical application of CR technology in the detection of electrical equipment[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2014,50(6):124-127(in Chinese).
[16]傅智为,许军,林一泓,等.一起500 k V输变电工程启动调试中HGIS短路事故的分析研究[J].高压电器,2014,50(9):89-93.Fu Zhiwei,Xu Jun,Lin Yihong,et al.Analysis on a short accident of HGIS in start debugging process of the 500 k V power transmission project[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2014,50(9):89-93(in Chinese).
[17]徐世山,孟可风,刘文泉.一起363 k V GIS充电闪络故障的原因分析[J].高压电器,2007,43(1):74-76.Xu Shishan,Meng Kefeng,Liu Wenquan.Analysis of 363 k V gas insulated switchgear charging flashover fault[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2007,43(1):74-76(in Chinese).
[18]仇炜.某变电站GIS导体断裂原因的试验与分析[J].高压电器,2013,49(11):145-149.Qiu Wei.Reason analysis of a conductor fracture in GIS substation[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2013,49(11):145-149(in Chinese).
[19]张小海,刘二军.射线照相检验中X射线强度衰减的数值分析[J].无损检测,2012,34(6):1-4.Zhang Xiaohai,Liu Erjun.Numerical analysis on X-ray intensity attenuation in radiographic testing[J].Nondestructive Testing,2012,34(6):1-4(in Chinese).