基于振动能量采集的无源温度传感技术研究
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摘要
针对工业设备测温供电问题,需研究一种可利用工业设备中振动产生的电能进行无源测温的技术。为此,设计了一种基于电磁感应原理的T型梁能量采集器,引入刚、柔性两种热电阻负载回路,对T型梁能量采集器的性能进行分析,探讨刚、柔性2种热电阻负载回路电阻值与温度之间的对应关系;通过LabVIEW仿真软件,搭建测试电路对能量采集器进行扫频实验,找出能量采集器的谐振频率;在谐振频率下分别为能量采集器匹配刚、柔2种热电阻进行测温表征,得出与该能量采集器匹配的最佳负载热电阻,最终在25～255℃之间实现了热电阻温度的表征和测量。无源测温系统可广泛应用于电力设备的温度监测中,例如GIS、开关柜、变压器绕组等,应用前景广泛。
Aiming at the problem of temperature measurement power supply of industrial equipment,it is required to study a technology for passive temperature measurement by using electric energy produced by vibration of industrial equipment. Therefore,this paper designs a kind of T-bean energy harvester based on electromagnetic inductance principle and introduces rigid and flexible thermal resistance load circuits for analyzing performance of the T-bean energy harvester. It also discusses corresponding relationships between resistance values of the two circuits and temperatures. By using LabVIEW simulation software,it constructs test circuits to make scanning frequency experiments for the energy harvester so as to find out resonance frequency of the harvester. At the resonance frequency,it respectively matches two thermal resistance for temperature measurement representation and obtains the optimal load thermal resistance. Finallym it realizes representation and measurement of thermal resistance temperature between 25 ～ 255 ℃. The passive temperature measurement system can be widely used in temperature monitoring of power equipment such as GIS and switch cabinet,transformer winding,and so on.
Aiming at the problem of temperature measurement power supply of industrial equipment,it is required to study a technology for passive temperature measurement by using electric energy produced by vibration of industrial equipment. Therefore,this paper designs a kind of T-bean energy harvester based on electromagnetic inductance principle and introduces rigid and flexible thermal resistance load circuits for analyzing performance of the T-bean energy harvester. It also discusses corresponding relationships between resistance values of the two circuits and temperatures. By using LabVIEW simulation software,it constructs test circuits to make scanning frequency experiments for the energy harvester so as to find out resonance frequency of the harvester. At the resonance frequency,it respectively matches two thermal resistance for temperature measurement representation and obtains the optimal load thermal resistance. Finallym it realizes representation and measurement of thermal resistance temperature between 25 ～ 255 ℃. The passive temperature measurement system can be widely used in temperature monitoring of power equipment such as GIS and switch cabinet,transformer winding,and so on.
引文
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[15]张振宇,苏宇锋,叶志通.电磁式振动能量采集器性能的改进[J].微纳电子技术,2016,53(11):731-742.ZHANG zhenyu,SU Yufeng,YE Zhitong.Performance improvement of electromagnetic vibration energy harvesters[J].M icronanoelectronic Technology,2016,53(11):731-742.
[16]王佩红,鲁李乐,戴旭涵,等.基于电镀铜平面弹簧的微型电磁式振动能量采集器[J].功能材料与器件学报,2008,14(1):171-174.WANG Peihong,LU Lile,DAI Xuhan,et al.A novel micro electromagnetic vibration energy harvester based on copper planar spring[J].Jourana of Functional M aterials and Devices,2008,14(1):171-174.
[17]赵志刚,丁旭升,刘福贵,等.微型电磁式振动能量采集器的结构设计与仿真研究[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(8):255-260.ZHAO Zhigang,DING Xusheng,LIU Fugui,et al.Structural design and simulation of micro electromagnetic vibration energy harvester[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(8):255-260.
[18]李运甲,张维,张勇,等.基于柔性结构的间歇式电磁能量采集器[J].传感器和执行器,2017(263):571-579.LI Yunjia,ZHANG Wei,ZHANG Yong,et al.A batch-fabricated electromagnetic energy harvester based on flex-rigid structures[J].Sensors and Actuators A-PHYSICAL,2017(263):571-579.
[19]刘斯伟.并网双馈风电机组对电力系统暂态稳定性的影响机理研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2016.
[20]黄弘扬,王波,黄晓明,等.基于双馈风电机组的分布式动态无功支撑系统[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(24):140-147.HUANG Hongyang,WANG Bo,HUANG Xiaoming,et al.Distributed dynamic reactive pow er support system based on doubly fed induction generator[J].Pow er System Protection and Control,2016,44(24):140-147.
[21]黄涛,黄烜城,魏海增,等.电厂开关柜局部放电振动信号降噪方法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(19):109-116.HUANG Tao,HUANG Xuancheng,WEI Haizeng,et al.Study on de-noise method for partial discharge vibration signal of sw itch cabinet of pow er plant[J].Pow er System Protection and Control,2018,46(19):109-116.
[2]骆宇锋,高应俊,赵中华,等.环状约束光纤热双金属片F-P腔温度传感器[J].传感器与微系统,2008,27(2):98-100.LUO Yufeng,GAO Yingjun,ZHAO Zhonghua,et al.Optical fiber F-P cavity temperature sensor w ith circular confined thermal bimetal sheets[J].Sensors and micro-systems,2008,27(2):98-100.
[3]廖志军,黄新波,赵阳,等.基于光纤光栅的高压开关柜温度监测系统设计[J].广东电力,2015(3):50-55.LIAO Zhijun,HUANG Xinbo,ZHAO Yang,et al.Design of temperature monitoring system of high voltage sw itch cabinet based on fiber bragg grating[J].Guangdong Electric Pow er,2015(3):50-55.
[4]刘洋,吴双,赵永刚.热电偶温度传感器的研究与发展现状[J].中国仪器仪表,2003(11):1-3.LIU Yang,WU Shuang,ZHAO Yonggang.Research and developing status on temperature senosor of thermocouple[J].China Instrumentation,2003(11):1-3.
[5]张根甫,郝晓剑,桑涛,等.热电偶温度传感器动态响应特性研究[J].中国测试,2015,41(10):68-72.ZHANG Genfu,HAO Xiaojian,SANG Tao,et al.Study on the dynamic response of thermocouple temperature sensor[J].Chian M easurement&Test,2015,41(10):68-72.
[6]钱进.热电偶温度传感器冷端补偿和信号线性化[J].长江工程职业技术学院学报,2004,21(2):32-34.QIAN Jin.Cold-junction Compensation and signal linearization of thermocouple temperature sensor[J].Journal of Changjiang Engineering Vocational College,2004,21(2):32-34.
[7]彭长青,王寒栋,李鸣,等.基于虚拟仪器的热电偶温度传感器的标定[J].深圳职业技术学院学报,2008,7(1):7-11.PENG Changqing,WANG Handong,LI M ing,et al.Calibration of thermocouples based on virtual instrument[J].Journal of Shenzhen Polytechnic,2008,7(1):7-11.
[8]戴维德.K型热电偶温度传感器[J].电子制作,2004(2):45-46.DAI Weide.Type K thermocouple temperature sensor[J].Electronic production,2004(2):45-46.
[9]刘振全,王汉芝.金属热电阻温度传感器在多路温度监控系统中的应用[J].传感器世界,2006,12(12):25-27.LIU Zhenquan,WANG Hanzhi.The Application of metal thermal resistance temperature sensor in multi-channel temperature control system[J].Sensor w orld,2006,12(12):25-27.
[10]王芳.热电阻式温度传感器的测温原理与应用[J].黑龙江冶金,2007(1):33-35.WANG Fang.Temperature measurement principle and application of thermal resistance temperature sensor[J].Heilongjiang M etallurgy,2007(1):33-35.
[11]刘建.热电阻式温度传感器:中国,201514292 U[P].2010-06-23.
[12]张杰,冯璟熙.一种液压系统用铂电阻式温度传感器及其使用方法:中国,106370316 A[P].2017-02-01.
[13]孙东升.脉冲式铜电阻R-T温度传感器的优化设计[J].辽宁师专学报(自然科学版),2008,10(4):18.SUN Dongsheng.Optimum design of pulse copper resistance R-Ttemperature sensor[J].Journal of Liaoning Teachers College(Natural Science),2008,10(4):18.
[14]展永政,王光庆.压电振动能量采集器的性能分析与功率优化[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2014,48(7):1248-1253.ZHAN Yongzheng,WANG Guangqing.Performance analysis and pow er optimization of piezoelectric vibration energy harvester[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2014,48(7):1248-1253.
[15]张振宇,苏宇锋,叶志通.电磁式振动能量采集器性能的改进[J].微纳电子技术,2016,53(11):731-742.ZHANG zhenyu,SU Yufeng,YE Zhitong.Performance improvement of electromagnetic vibration energy harvesters[J].M icronanoelectronic Technology,2016,53(11):731-742.
[16]王佩红,鲁李乐,戴旭涵,等.基于电镀铜平面弹簧的微型电磁式振动能量采集器[J].功能材料与器件学报,2008,14(1):171-174.WANG Peihong,LU Lile,DAI Xuhan,et al.A novel micro electromagnetic vibration energy harvester based on copper planar spring[J].Jourana of Functional M aterials and Devices,2008,14(1):171-174.
[17]赵志刚,丁旭升,刘福贵,等.微型电磁式振动能量采集器的结构设计与仿真研究[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(8):255-260.ZHAO Zhigang,DING Xusheng,LIU Fugui,et al.Structural design and simulation of micro electromagnetic vibration energy harvester[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(8):255-260.
[18]李运甲,张维,张勇,等.基于柔性结构的间歇式电磁能量采集器[J].传感器和执行器,2017(263):571-579.LI Yunjia,ZHANG Wei,ZHANG Yong,et al.A batch-fabricated electromagnetic energy harvester based on flex-rigid structures[J].Sensors and Actuators A-PHYSICAL,2017(263):571-579.
[19]刘斯伟.并网双馈风电机组对电力系统暂态稳定性的影响机理研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2016.
[20]黄弘扬,王波,黄晓明,等.基于双馈风电机组的分布式动态无功支撑系统[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(24):140-147.HUANG Hongyang,WANG Bo,HUANG Xiaoming,et al.Distributed dynamic reactive pow er support system based on doubly fed induction generator[J].Pow er System Protection and Control,2016,44(24):140-147.
[21]黄涛,黄烜城,魏海增,等.电厂开关柜局部放电振动信号降噪方法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(19):109-116.HUANG Tao,HUANG Xuancheng,WEI Haizeng,et al.Study on de-noise method for partial discharge vibration signal of sw itch cabinet of pow er plant[J].Pow er System Protection and Control,2018,46(19):109-116.