考虑温度影响的水下井口疲劳损伤计算方法
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摘要
水下井口系统与隔水管系统共同构成连接平台与地下油藏的通道。钻井、完井、修井作业过程中泥浆循环导致井筒温度发生变化,并且平台运动、波浪等产生的循环动载荷通过隔水管作用于水下井口,造成水下井口疲劳损伤。首先建立深水井筒温度场计算模型,将温度场计算得到的井筒温度分布施加于水下井口精细有限元模型,采用局部等效方法得到水下井口的等效梁模型,把等效梁模型作为子模型代入隔水管-井口耦合模型中进行水下井口动态响应和疲劳损伤计算,研究泥浆循环作业过程中井筒温度对水下井口疲劳热点处疲劳损伤的影响,并研究不同水泥环返高对水下井口疲劳损伤的影响。结果表明,对于水泥环返高无缺陷的水下井口,50h内不考虑温度影响时最大疲劳损伤发生在导管接头处,其值为1.00×10~(-2);考虑温度影响时最大疲劳损伤发生在套管接头处,其值为3.59×10~(-2)。当水泥环返高缺陷分别为-2 m和-5 m时,与水泥环返高无缺陷相比,套管(接头和焊缝)的疲劳损伤减小,而导管(接头和焊缝)的疲劳损伤增加,最大损伤均发生在套管接头处,其值分别为3.55×10~(-2)和3.48×10~(-2)。
The subsea wellhead and drilling riser system form a channel connecting the floating platform and underground reservoir resources.Mud circulation during the drilling,completion and workover operations results in the variation of wellbore temperature.The subsea wellhead is subjected to circulation dynamic loading caused by platform movement and waves and currents loads through the risers,leading to fatigue damage in it.Firstly,the calculation model of deep-water wellbore temperature field is established to obtain the wellbore temperature which is applied to the fine finite element model of the subsea wellhead.Secondly,the equivalent beam model of subsea wellhead is achieved by using local equivalent method,and is then substituted into the riser-wellhead coupling model for dynamic response analysis and fatigue damage calculation as a sub-model.Finally,the influence of wellbore temperature on the fatigue damage of subsea wellhead at fatigue hotspot during mud circulation operation process is researched,and also the influence of different cement level on fatigue damage of subsea wellhead is investigated.The results show that,for the subsea wellhead without cement defect,the maximal fatigue damage will be 1.00×10~(-2) in50 h when the temperature effect is not taken into account,which occurs at the conductor connector of the subsea wellhead.While the maximal fatigue damage will be 3.59×10~(-2) in the same time duration,which occurs at casing connector when temperature effect is considered.When the defect of cement top is-2 m and-5 m,respectively,compared with cement defect,the fatigue damage at the casing(connector and weld)will decrease,while that of the conductor(connector and weld)will increase.The maximal damage of the subsea wellhead will be 3.55×10~(-2) and 3.48×10~(-2),which both occur at the casing connector.
The subsea wellhead and drilling riser system form a channel connecting the floating platform and underground reservoir resources.Mud circulation during the drilling,completion and workover operations results in the variation of wellbore temperature.The subsea wellhead is subjected to circulation dynamic loading caused by platform movement and waves and currents loads through the risers,leading to fatigue damage in it.Firstly,the calculation model of deep-water wellbore temperature field is established to obtain the wellbore temperature which is applied to the fine finite element model of the subsea wellhead.Secondly,the equivalent beam model of subsea wellhead is achieved by using local equivalent method,and is then substituted into the riser-wellhead coupling model for dynamic response analysis and fatigue damage calculation as a sub-model.Finally,the influence of wellbore temperature on the fatigue damage of subsea wellhead at fatigue hotspot during mud circulation operation process is researched,and also the influence of different cement level on fatigue damage of subsea wellhead is investigated.The results show that,for the subsea wellhead without cement defect,the maximal fatigue damage will be 1.00×10~(-2) in50 h when the temperature effect is not taken into account,which occurs at the conductor connector of the subsea wellhead.While the maximal fatigue damage will be 3.59×10~(-2) in the same time duration,which occurs at casing connector when temperature effect is considered.When the defect of cement top is-2 m and-5 m,respectively,compared with cement defect,the fatigue damage at the casing(connector and weld)will decrease,while that of the conductor(connector and weld)will increase.The maximal damage of the subsea wellhead will be 3.55×10~(-2) and 3.48×10~(-2),which both occur at the casing connector.
引文
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[22]International Organization for Standardization.Petroleum and natural gas industries-Drilling and production equipment-Part 2:Deepwater drilling riser methodologies,operation,and integrity technical report:ISO/TR13624-2[S].Geneva:ISO,2009.
[23]黄朝炜.海底管道与土壤的耦合作用[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2011.HUANG Chaowei.Submarine pipeline-soil coupling[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2011.
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[26]畅元江,杨焕丽,刘秀全,等.深水钻井隔水管-井口系统涡激疲劳详细分析[J].石油学报,2014,35(1):146-151.CHANG Yuanjiang,YANG Huanli,LIU Xiuquan,et al.Detailed analysis of vortex induced fatigue for deep-water drilling riserwellhead system[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(1):146-151.
[27]鞠少栋.深水钻井隔水管及井口作业分析与决策研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2012.JU Shaodong.Reseach on operation analysis and decision for deepwater drilling riser and subsea wellhead[D].Qingdao,2012.
[28]高永海.深水油气钻探井筒多相流动与井控的研究[D].东营:中国石油大学,2007.GAO Yonghai.Study on multi-phase flow in wellbore and well control in deep water drilling[D].Dongying:China University of Petroleum,2007.
[29]DNV.Fatigue design of offshore steel structures:DNV RP C203[S].Norway,2010.
[30]API.Specification for threading,gauging and thread inspection of casing,tubing,and line pipe threads:API Spec 5B[S].US:API,2008.
[2]CHANG Yuanjiang,WU Xiangfei,CHEN Guoming,et al.Comprehensive risk assessment of deepwater drilling riser using fuzzy Petri net model[J].Process Safety and Environmental Protection,2018,117:483-497.
[3]唐海雄,罗俊丰,叶吉华,等.超深水钻井简化井身结构安全性分析[J].石油天然气学报,2010,32(6):162-165.TANG Haixiong,LUO Junfeng,YE Jihua,et al.Safety analysis of simplified well structure for ultra-deepwater drilling[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2010,32(6):162-165.
[4]黄鲁蒙,张彦廷,孙选建,等.海洋浮式钻井液压绞车升沉补偿系统设计[J].石油学报,2017,38(9):1091-1098.HUANG Lumeng,ZHANG Yanting,SUN Xuanjian,et al.Design of hydraulic winch heave compensation system for offshore floating drilling[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(9):1091-1098.
[5]CHANG Yuanjiang,CHEN Guoming,WU Xiangfei,et al.Failure probability analysis for emergency disconnect of deepwater drilling riser using Bayesian network[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2018,51:42-53.
[6]HOPPER C T.Vortex induced oscillations of long marine drilling risers[C]∥Oral Presentation Given at the 2nd Deep Offshore Technology Conference,October17-19,1983,Valletta,Malta.
[7]LIEN A K D.Analysis of methods for reducing subsea wellhead fatigue[D].Trondheim:Norwegian University of Science and Technology,2010.
[8]SINGEETHAM,S P.An optimised design of a typical subsea drilling system for fatigue applications[C]∥The 8th American SOC Conference on offshore mechanics and arctic engineering.Hague,March,1989.Washington,The National Academies of Sciences,Engineering,and Medicine,1989.
[9]REINAS L,RUSSO M,GRYT?YR G.Wellhead fatigue analysis method:The effect of variation of lower boundary conditions in global riser load analysis[C]∥The 31st International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering,July 1-6,2012,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.Rio de Janeiro,Brazil:ASME,2012.
[10]EVANS J,MCGRAIL J.An evaluation of the fatigue performance of subsea wellhead systems and recommendations for fatigue enhancements[C]∥Offshore Technology Conference,2-5May,2011,Houston,Texas,USA.Houston:Offshore Technology Conference,2011.
[11]HOLM H G,HOLDEN H,RUSSO M.Wellhead fatigue analysis method:Steps for improving the quality of the global riser analyses[C]∥The Twenty-third International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference,30 June-5 July,2013,Anchorage,Alaska,USA.Anchorage:International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers,2013.
[12]刘秀全,陈国明,畅元江,等.内孤立波作用下深水锚泊平台-隔水管耦合系统动力学特性[J].石油学报,2017,38(12):1448-1456.LIU Xiuquan,CHEN Guoming,CHANG Yuanjiang,et al.Dynamic characteristics of deepwater mooring platform-riser coupling system under internal solitary wave[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(12):1448-1456.
[13]SUNDAY K,WARD P,GRIFFIN C,et al.Detailed approach for the assessment of accumulated wellhead fatigue[R].SPE175441,2015
[14]H?RTE T,REINAS L,MATHISEN J.Wellhead fatigue analysis method:Benefits of a structural reliability analysis approach[C]∥ASME2012 31st International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering,July 1-6,2012,Rio de Janeiro.Rio de Janeiro:ASME,2012.
[15]DNV.Wellhead fatigue analysis:DNV RP0142[S].Norway,2015.
[16]SEVILLLANO L C,DE ANDRADE J,SANGESLAND S,et al.Thermal effects on subsea wellhead fatigue during workover operations[R].SPE180065,2016.
[17]XU Yuqiang,GUAN Zhichuan,JIN Yan,et al.Risk assessment method of subsea wellhead instability in consideration of uncertain factors in deepwater drilling[J].Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering,2018,43(5):2659-2672.
[18]魏纳,孙万通,孟英峰,等.海洋天然气水合物藏钻探环空相态特性[J].石油学报,2017,38(6):710-720.WEI Na,SUN Wantong,MENG Yingfeng,et al.Annular phase behavior analysis during marine natural gas hydrate reservoir drilling[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(6):710-720.
[19]宋洵成,管志川.深水钻井井筒全瞬态传热特征[J].石油学报,2011,32(4):704-708.SONG Xuncheng,GUAN Zhichuan.Full transient analysis of heat transfer during drilling fluid circulation in deep-water wells[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(4):704-708.
[20]王宁,孙宝江,王志远.井筒温度场解析求解的边界条件处理方法[J].水动力学研究与进展A辑,2015,30(3):279-283.WANG Ning,SUN Baojiang,WANG Zhiyuan.Boundary condition handling for analytic solution of wellbore temperature field[J].Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics,2015,30(3):279-283.
[21]WANG Ning,SUN Baojiang,GAO Yonghai,et al.Footage-Based hydraulic optimization of deepwater drilling for maximum drilling Rate[C]∥The Twenty-fifth International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference,21-26 June,2015,Kona,Hawaii,USA.Kona:International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers,2015.
[22]International Organization for Standardization.Petroleum and natural gas industries-Drilling and production equipment-Part 2:Deepwater drilling riser methodologies,operation,and integrity technical report:ISO/TR13624-2[S].Geneva:ISO,2009.
[23]黄朝炜.海底管道与土壤的耦合作用[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2011.HUANG Chaowei.Submarine pipeline-soil coupling[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2011.
[24]肖毅,刘肃肃,朱亮.统一非线性本构模型的ABAQUS实现[C]∥中国力学大会论文集.西安:中国力学学会,2013.XIAO Yi,LIU Susu,ZHU Liang.Application of unified elastoplastic constitutive model to ABAQUS[C]∥Conference proceedings of Chinese Mechanics Conference.Xi’an:China Mechanics Conference,2013.
[25]畅元江,陈国明,许亮斌.导向架隔水管在波流联合作用下的非线性动力响应[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2006,30(5):74-77.CHANG Yuanjiang,CHEN Guoming,XU Liangbin.Non-linear dynamic response induced by wave-current for marine risers with guide-frames[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2006,30(5):74-77.
[26]畅元江,杨焕丽,刘秀全,等.深水钻井隔水管-井口系统涡激疲劳详细分析[J].石油学报,2014,35(1):146-151.CHANG Yuanjiang,YANG Huanli,LIU Xiuquan,et al.Detailed analysis of vortex induced fatigue for deep-water drilling riserwellhead system[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(1):146-151.
[27]鞠少栋.深水钻井隔水管及井口作业分析与决策研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2012.JU Shaodong.Reseach on operation analysis and decision for deepwater drilling riser and subsea wellhead[D].Qingdao,2012.
[28]高永海.深水油气钻探井筒多相流动与井控的研究[D].东营:中国石油大学,2007.GAO Yonghai.Study on multi-phase flow in wellbore and well control in deep water drilling[D].Dongying:China University of Petroleum,2007.
[29]DNV.Fatigue design of offshore steel structures:DNV RP C203[S].Norway,2010.
[30]API.Specification for threading,gauging and thread inspection of casing,tubing,and line pipe threads:API Spec 5B[S].US:API,2008.