饲粮钙磷水平对中速型黄羽肉鸡生长性能及胫骨灰分含量的影响
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摘要
将4 500只中速型黄羽肉鸡按照日粮不同钙磷水平分成5组,每组5个重复,每个重复180只,研究不同钙磷水平对不同生长阶段(1～30日龄、31～60日龄和61～90日龄)肉鸡生长性能及胫骨灰分含量的影响,以期得到中速型黄羽肉鸡适宜的饲粮钙磷水平。结果:中速型黄羽肉鸡饲粮1～30日龄钙水平0. 90%、非植酸磷水平0. 40%,31～60日龄钙水平0. 75%、非植酸磷水平0. 31%,61～90日龄钙水平0. 70%、非植酸磷水平0. 28%时已完全满足其生长和骨骼发育的需要,高于此钙磷水平,肉鸡料重比呈上升趋势,日均增重呈下降趋势,胫骨灰分含量基本维持不变;当钙磷水平达到如下水平时,即:1～30日龄钙0. 90%、非植酸磷0. 45%,31～60日龄钙0. 85%、非植酸磷0. 41%,61～90日龄钙0. 80%、非植酸磷0. 38%时,肉鸡日增重极显著降低(P<0. 01),料重比极显著上升(P<0. 01),说明已超过肉鸡对钙磷的需要量。
The experiment was conducted to study the effects of different dietary calcium and phosphorus levels on the growth performance and tibia ash content in yellow-feathered broilers at a medium growth speed,and the appropriate dietary calcium and non-phytate phosphorus levels in diet for broilers were obtained. The results showed that the dietary calcium and non-phytate phosphorus levels for broiler were0. 90% and 0. 40% from 1 to 30 d of age,0. 75% and 0. 31% from 31 to 60 d of age,and 0. 70% and 0. 28% from 61 to 90 d of age,respectively. These levels could meet the requirements for growth and bone development of yellow-feathered broilers. The daily average weight gain of broilers with higher calcium and phosphorus levels showed an upward trend,but the feed conversion ratio showed a downward trend.The tibia ash content remained basically unchanged,if the dietary calcium and phosphorus levels were higher than this basis. When the dietary calcium and non-phytate phosphorus levels for broiler were 0. 90% and 0. 45% from 1 to 30 d of age,0. 85% and 0. 41% from 31 to 60 d of age,and 0. 80% and 0. 38% from 61 to 90 d of age,respectively,the daily average weight gain of broilers was significantly ( P<0. 01)decreased,but the feed conversion ratio increased significantly ( P< 0. 01); which exceeded requirement of broilers for calcium and phosphorus.
The experiment was conducted to study the effects of different dietary calcium and phosphorus levels on the growth performance and tibia ash content in yellow-feathered broilers at a medium growth speed,and the appropriate dietary calcium and non-phytate phosphorus levels in diet for broilers were obtained. The results showed that the dietary calcium and non-phytate phosphorus levels for broiler were0. 90% and 0. 40% from 1 to 30 d of age,0. 75% and 0. 31% from 31 to 60 d of age,and 0. 70% and 0. 28% from 61 to 90 d of age,respectively. These levels could meet the requirements for growth and bone development of yellow-feathered broilers. The daily average weight gain of broilers with higher calcium and phosphorus levels showed an upward trend,but the feed conversion ratio showed a downward trend.The tibia ash content remained basically unchanged,if the dietary calcium and phosphorus levels were higher than this basis. When the dietary calcium and non-phytate phosphorus levels for broiler were 0. 90% and 0. 45% from 1 to 30 d of age,0. 85% and 0. 41% from 31 to 60 d of age,and 0. 80% and 0. 38% from 61 to 90 d of age,respectively,the daily average weight gain of broilers was significantly ( P<0. 01)decreased,but the feed conversion ratio increased significantly ( P< 0. 01); which exceeded requirement of broilers for calcium and phosphorus.
引文
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[14]Persia M,Saylor W.Effects of broiler strain,dietary nonphytate phosphorus,and phytase supplementation on chick performance and tibia ash[J].J Appl Poultry Res,2006,15:72-81.
[15]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].3版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007:49-60.
[2]辛翔飞,王济民.我国肉鸡产业当前发展形势特点、问题与政策建议[J].中国家禽,2015,7(35):1-6.
[3]洪平,蒋守群,周桂莲,等.22～42日龄饲粮黄羽肉鸡钙需要量研究[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(1):62-68.
[4]洪平,蒋守群,周桂莲,等.43～63日龄饲粮黄羽肉鸡钙需要量研究[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(2):299-309.
[5]成廷水,李俊波,吕武兴,等.黄羽肉鸡有效磷需要量的研究[J].饲料工业,2008(29):26-28.
[6]Jiang Z Y,Zhou G L,Lin Y C,et al.Nonphytate phosphorus requirement and efficacy of a genetically engineered yeast phytase for
[7]蒋宗勇.黄羽肉鸡营养需要量研究进展[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2010:99-122.
[8]NY/T 2004鸡饲养标准[S].中华人民共和国农业行业标准,2004.
[9]刘松柏.肉仔鸡对饲料标准磷利用率、可利用磷需要量及小肠磷吸收机制研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2012.
[10]郭勇庆,屠焰,张乃锋,等.中国饲料磷推荐水平及磷酸盐应用现状和优化分析[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(3):581-592.
[11]Liu S B,Liao X D,Lu L,et al.Dietary non-phytate phosphorus requirement of broilers fed a conventional corn-soybean meal diet from1 to 21 d of age[J].Poult Sci,2017,96:151-159.
[12]Rao S V R,Reddy V R,Reddy V R.Non-phytin phosphorus requirements of commercial broilers and White Leghorn layers[J].Anim Feed Sci Tech,1999,80:1-10.
[13]Bar A,Shinder D,Yosefi S,et al.Metabolism and requirements for calcium and phosphorus in the fast-growing chicken as affected by age[J].Br J Nutr.2003,89:51-61.
[14]Persia M,Saylor W.Effects of broiler strain,dietary nonphytate phosphorus,and phytase supplementation on chick performance and tibia ash[J].J Appl Poultry Res,2006,15:72-81.
[15]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].3版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007:49-60.