响应曲面优化某铜精矿碱浸除砷试验研究
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摘要
以云南某铜精矿为研究对象,利用XRD、化学多元素分析发现砷主要以硫砷铜矿的形式存在,采用NaHS碱性除砷法除砷。通过Design-expert 11. 0软件中的Miscellaneous模块进行设计并优化试验,以pH值、反应温度、NaHS用量为因子,砷浸出率为响应值,通过响应设计进行试验,得到砷浸出率的最佳条件为:pH值为11. 9,反应温度为90℃,NaHS用量为158. 6 g/L,砷浸出率模拟值为95. 10%,实际砷浸出率可达96. 21%。此外,浸出液中砷冷却后会变成有毒的硫代砷酸钠,通过在800℃下焙烧氧化钙和硫代砷酸钠晶体混合物料,固砷率能达到98. 23%,在达到固砷目的的同时也起到了环保作用。
A copper concentrate in Yunnan has been taken as the research object.The analysis results of XRD and chemical multielement demonstrate that arsenic mainly exists in the form of sulfur arsenic copper ore For sake of environmental protection,NaHS alkaline arsenic removal method is adopted.Through the Miscellaneous module in Design-expert 11.0 software,the design and optimization experiment are carried out.The p H value,reaction temperature and NaHS dosage are used as the factors,and the arsenic leaching rate is the response value.The optimum conditions for the arsenic leaching rate were obtained by the response design.The p H value is 11.9,the reaction temperature is 90 ° C,the NaHS dosage is 158.6 g/L,and the actual arsenic leaching rate is 96.21%,which is higher than the numerical simulation value of 95.10%.In addition,the arsenic in leaching solution will become toxic sodium thiosulfate after cooling,and the solid arsenic rate can reach 98.23% by calcining the crystal mixture of calcium oxide and sodium thiosulfate crystals at 800 ℃.It also plays an environmental role in the purpose of achieving arsenic fixation.
A copper concentrate in Yunnan has been taken as the research object.The analysis results of XRD and chemical multielement demonstrate that arsenic mainly exists in the form of sulfur arsenic copper ore For sake of environmental protection,NaHS alkaline arsenic removal method is adopted.Through the Miscellaneous module in Design-expert 11.0 software,the design and optimization experiment are carried out.The p H value,reaction temperature and NaHS dosage are used as the factors,and the arsenic leaching rate is the response value.The optimum conditions for the arsenic leaching rate were obtained by the response design.The p H value is 11.9,the reaction temperature is 90 ° C,the NaHS dosage is 158.6 g/L,and the actual arsenic leaching rate is 96.21%,which is higher than the numerical simulation value of 95.10%.In addition,the arsenic in leaching solution will become toxic sodium thiosulfate after cooling,and the solid arsenic rate can reach 98.23% by calcining the crystal mixture of calcium oxide and sodium thiosulfate crystals at 800 ℃.It also plays an environmental role in the purpose of achieving arsenic fixation.
引文
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[10]伍赠玲,孔维长,朱永官.高砷硫化铜精矿细菌浸出实验研究[J].稀有金属,2015,39(12):1123-1129.WU Jiaoling, KONG Weichang, ZHU Yongguan.Experimental study on bacterial leaching of high arsenic copper sulfide concentrate[J]. Rare metals, 2015,39(12):1123-1129.
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[17]谢海云.高砷硫化铜精矿细菌浸出及砷的综合利用工艺及理论研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2008.XIE Haiyun. Bacterial leaching of high arsenic copper sulfide concentrate and comprehensive utilization of arsenic[D]. Kunming:Kunming University of Technology,2008.
[18]李锋,温顺华,黄庶冰,等.响应面法优化甘露醇产丁醇的发酵条件[J].化工进展,2013,32(7):1629-1634.LI Feng, WEN Shunhua, HUANG Shubing, et al.Response surface methodology to optimize the fermentation conditions of mannitol to butanol[J]. Progress in Chemical Industry,2013,32(7):1629-1634.
[19]丁松君,林宝启,王业光.高砷铜矿硫化钠-氢氧化钠浸出脱砷研究[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),1983(4):24-27.DING Songjun,LIN Baoqi,WANG Yeguang. Study on leaching arsenic removal from high arsenic copper ore by sodium sulfide-sodium hydroxide[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy),1983(4):24-27.
[2]杨振龙.砷在铜矿中的赋存状态与去除[J].现代矿业,2016,32(6):69-70.YANG Zhenlong. Occurrence and removal of arsenic in copper ore[J]. Modern Mining,2016,32(6):69-70.
[3]孔维长,伍赠玲,刘金艳.硫砷铜矿浸出技术进展[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2014(8):14-17.KONG Weizhang,WU Zengling,LIU Jinyan. Technical progress of enargite leaching technology[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy),2014(8):14-17.
[4]施孟华.硫化砷的催化氧化研究[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2009.SHI Menghua. Catalytic oxidation of arsenic sulfide[D].Guiyang:Guizhou University,2009.
[5]卡斯特罗S H.硫砷铜矿的表面性质和可浮性[J].国外金属矿选矿,2000(12):25-27.CASTRO S H. Surface properties and floatability of sulphurarsenic copper ore[J]. Metallic Ore Dressing Abroad,2000(12):25-27.
[6]杨先凯.高杂质硫化铜精矿火法冶炼新工艺研究[J].中国有色冶金,2015,44(3):68-70.YANG Xiankai. Study on new pyrometallurgical process of high impurity copper sulphide concentrate[J]. China Nonferrous Metallurgy,2015,44(3):68-70.
[7]黄自力,刘缘缘,陶青英,等.石灰沉淀法除砷的影响因素[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(3):734-738.HUANG Zili,LIU Yuanyuan,TAO Qingying,et al.Influencing factors of arsenic removal by lime precipitation[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2012,6(3):734-738.
[8]松君,林宝启,王业光,等.铜精矿除碑的研究—硫化钠浸出法[J].南昌大学学报(理科版),1980(2):73-80.SONG jun,LIN Baoqi,WANG Yeguang et al. Study on removing tablets from copper concentrate by leaching with sodium sulfide[J]. Journal of Nanchang University(Natural Science),1980(2):73-80.
[9]范道焱,庄荣传,陈水波.硫砷铜矿热压浸出研究现状及进展[J].黄金,2016,37(6):64-67.FAN Daozhen, ZHUANG Rongchuan, CHEN Shuibo.Research status and progress of hot-press leaching of sulfurarsenic-copper ore[J]. Gold,2016,37(6):64-67.
[10]伍赠玲,孔维长,朱永官.高砷硫化铜精矿细菌浸出实验研究[J].稀有金属,2015,39(12):1123-1129.WU Jiaoling, KONG Weichang, ZHU Yongguan.Experimental study on bacterial leaching of high arsenic copper sulfide concentrate[J]. Rare metals, 2015,39(12):1123-1129.
[11]蓝碧波.铜精矿湿法除砷试验研究[J].湿法冶金,2012,31(2):122-124.LAN Bibo. Experimental study on hydrometallurgical arsenic removal from copper concentrate[J].Hydrometallurgy,2012,31(2):122-124.
[12] RUIZ M C, GRANDON L, PADILLA R. Selective arsenic removal from enargite by alkaline digestion and water leaching[J]. Hydrometallurgy, 2014, 150:20-26.
[13]TONGAMP W,TAKASAKI Y,SHIBAYAMA A. Arsenic removal from copper ores and concentrates through alkaline leaching in Na HS media[J]. Hydrometallurgy,2009,98(3):213-218.
[14] MIHAJLOVIC I,STRBAC N,ZIVKOVIC Z,et al. A potential method for arsenic removal from copper concentrates[J]. Minerals Engineering,2007,20(1):26-33.
[15]PEACEY J,ROBLES E. Copper hydrometallurgy-current status, preliminary economics, future direction and positioning versus smelting[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2004,14(3):560-568.
[16]谢海云,陆建生,蓝卓越,等.中等嗜热菌浸出高砷铜精矿研究[J].昆明理工大学学报(理工版),2010,35(1):24-28.XIE Haiyun,LU Jiansheng,BLUE Zhuoyue,et al. Study on leaching high arsenic copper concentrate by medium thermophilic bacteria[J]. Journal of Kunming University of Technology(Science Edition),2010,35(1):24-28.
[17]谢海云.高砷硫化铜精矿细菌浸出及砷的综合利用工艺及理论研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2008.XIE Haiyun. Bacterial leaching of high arsenic copper sulfide concentrate and comprehensive utilization of arsenic[D]. Kunming:Kunming University of Technology,2008.
[18]李锋,温顺华,黄庶冰,等.响应面法优化甘露醇产丁醇的发酵条件[J].化工进展,2013,32(7):1629-1634.LI Feng, WEN Shunhua, HUANG Shubing, et al.Response surface methodology to optimize the fermentation conditions of mannitol to butanol[J]. Progress in Chemical Industry,2013,32(7):1629-1634.
[19]丁松君,林宝启,王业光.高砷铜矿硫化钠-氢氧化钠浸出脱砷研究[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),1983(4):24-27.DING Songjun,LIN Baoqi,WANG Yeguang. Study on leaching arsenic removal from high arsenic copper ore by sodium sulfide-sodium hydroxide[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy),1983(4):24-27.