高效净水细菌的分离鉴定及其净水能力分析
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摘要
[目的]分离筛选获得能高效净化污水的净化细菌。[方法]利用氨氮降解筛选培养基对某污水处理厂的活性污泥进行净水细菌的分离筛选,并研究分离菌株对污水有机质、氨态氮、总磷与总氮含量的去除效果以及药敏性分析。[结果]比较去除效果,获得了1株最高效的净水细菌,该菌株对污水有机质、氨态氮、总氮与总磷均具有较强的净化效果,其去除率分别达58. 90%、65. 45%、51. 91%和35. 00%。结合菌落形态特征观察、生理生化分析及分子鉴定,鉴定该菌株为暹罗芽胞杆菌(Bacillus siamensis)。该菌株对7种常见抗生素均具有一定敏感性,其中对氨苄青霉素最敏感,卡那霉素次之,对庆大霉素最不敏感。[结论]分离筛选获得1株能高效净化污水的暹罗芽胞杆菌,对常见抗生素具有一定敏感性。
[Objective] The purified bacteria capable of purifying sewage efficiently were obtained by separation and screening.[Method] The ammonia sludge degradation screening medium was used to separate and filter the activated sludge from a sewage treatment plant,and the removal effect of the isolates on the organic matter,ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus and total nitrogen content and the sensitivity of the drug were analyzed.[Result]A most efficient water-purifying bacteria was obtained by comparison of the removal effects. The strain had a strong purification effect on the organic matter,ammonia nitrogen,total nitrogen and tolal phosphorus of the sewage,and the removal rates were 58. 90%,65. 45%,51. 91% and 35. 00%. Combined with colony morphological observation,physiological and biochemical analysis and molecular identification,the strain was identified as Bacillus siamensis. The strain was sensitive to seven common antibiotics,among which ampicillin was the most sensitive,kanamycin was the second,and gentamicin was the least sensitive.[Conclusion] Separation and screening obtained a strain of Bacillus siamensis that can effectively purify sewage,and had certain sensitivity to common antibiotics.
[Objective] The purified bacteria capable of purifying sewage efficiently were obtained by separation and screening.[Method] The ammonia sludge degradation screening medium was used to separate and filter the activated sludge from a sewage treatment plant,and the removal effect of the isolates on the organic matter,ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus and total nitrogen content and the sensitivity of the drug were analyzed.[Result]A most efficient water-purifying bacteria was obtained by comparison of the removal effects. The strain had a strong purification effect on the organic matter,ammonia nitrogen,total nitrogen and tolal phosphorus of the sewage,and the removal rates were 58. 90%,65. 45%,51. 91% and 35. 00%. Combined with colony morphological observation,physiological and biochemical analysis and molecular identification,the strain was identified as Bacillus siamensis. The strain was sensitive to seven common antibiotics,among which ampicillin was the most sensitive,kanamycin was the second,and gentamicin was the least sensitive.[Conclusion] Separation and screening obtained a strain of Bacillus siamensis that can effectively purify sewage,and had certain sensitivity to common antibiotics.
引文
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[3]王盼,马牧源,刘春光,等.不同氮源对黄花鸢尾净化富营养化水体的影响[J].水资源与水工程学报,2014,25(1):13-17.
[4]陆建兰.适用于城镇小型景观水体的净化菌的分离及特性研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2012.
[5]宋连朋.混凝沉淀法处理景观水体污染水的试验研究[D].河北:河北工业大学,2012.
[6]Chen Y M,Liu J C,Ju Y H.Flotation removal of algae from water[J].Colloids&Surfaces B Biointerfaces,1998,12(1):49-55.
[7]Coats E R,Watkins D L,Kranenburg D.A comparative environmental life-cycle analysis for removing phosphorus from wastewater:biological versus physical/chemical processes[J].Water Environment Research A Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation,2011,83(8):750-760.
[8]龚丽丽.水体富营养化及其防治对策[J].城市建筑,2015,(6):382-382.
[9]钟晓春.微气泡气浮除藻试验研究与设备研制[D].上海:东华大学,2016.
[10]李晓斌,曹文平.混合载体生物膜反应器污水净化及微生物种群特性研究[J].工业水处理,2017,37(6):60-64.
[11]郭玉峰,郑轶荣.水体富营养化的控制与治理[J].产业与科技论坛,2011,(7):83-84.
[12]王艳英,王晓磊,王成,等.基于净化城市河道功能的水培花卉的筛选研究[J].热带作物学报,2017,(09):18-23.
[13]国家环保局编制.水和废水监测分析方法[M].3版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1989.
[14]东秀珠,蔡妙英.常见细菌系统鉴定手册[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[15]Buchanan RE,Gibbons NE.伯杰细菌鉴定手册[M].8版.中国科学院微生物研究所《伯杰细菌鉴定手册》编译组,译.北京:科学出版社,1984.
[16]陈奕鹏,杨扬,桑建伟,等.拮抗内生芽孢杆菌BEB17分离鉴定及其挥发性物质抑菌活性分析[J].植物病理学报,2018,48(4):537-546.
[17]雷玉珠,李昆志.一株光合细菌的分离鉴定及其净化甲醛能力的研究[J].中国微生态学杂志,2017,29(3):261-267.
[18]孙立岩,姚志鹏,张军,等.地表水中TOC与COD换算关系研究[J].中国环境监测,2013,29(2):125-130.