结膜吸吮线虫显微结构描述与子宫蒂功能分析
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摘要
目的通过光学显微镜观察结膜吸吮线虫(Thelazia callipaeda,T. cp)雌雄成虫标本,分析雌虫"子宫蒂"特殊结构与功能的关系,为寄生虫形态学研究和虫种鉴定积累资料。方法翻开结膜吸吮线虫患者眼睑,用棉签粘取活动虫体,置生理盐水载玻片上,光学显微镜下观察虫体形态。然后用酒精固定虫体,分段定位拍照,采用Adobe Photoshop软件拼接处理,得到完整虫体照片,描述其显微结构,并对子宫蒂功能进行了分析。结果通过显微摄影获得清晰的T. cp雌雄成虫完整结构照片,清楚地显示虫体形态及各内部器官之间的比邻关系。雄虫中段可见条索状密集排列的精原细胞,其末端可见呈半透明状的交合刺。在雌虫中段子宫内,可见大量相互缠绕在一起的幼虫;虫体后段的输卵管内可见不同发育期虫卵,其中多数为卵细胞,部分已发育成含蚴卵或幼虫;卵巢呈条索状,位于虫体末端,内含大量卵原细胞;在虫体前段的生殖道内,规律地排列着数十条呈螺旋状盘曲的幼虫。结论本研究详细观察描述了T.cp雌雄成虫显微结构,包括从卵原细胞发育成卵细胞、含蚴卵以及幼虫的形态特点,认为T.cp雌成虫"子宫蒂"的特殊结构,与其幼虫在产道内规律排列的机制密切相关。
Objective To observe male and female adult specimens of Thelazia callipaeda using optical microscopy, to analyze the relationship between the special structure and function of the uterine stem, and to assemble data for morphological study of the parasite and identification of the species. Methods The eyelid of a patient was flipped inside out and moving T. callipaeda was removed with a cotton swab. The worm was placed in saline on a glass slide and observed using optical microscopy. The worm was fixed with alcohol, and photos were taken in sections. The software Adobe Photoshop was used to obtain complete photos of the worms. Results The structure of T. callipaeda was clearly depicted by microphotography, indicating the morphology of the body and the positional relationship among the internal organs. The size of the male T. callipaeda worm was 8.6 mm×0.35 mm according to a micrometer. In the reproductive system of the middle part of the body(except for the first 1/6), a dense cordlike arrangement of spermatogonial cells was evident, with a translucent copulatory spicule at the end. The female adult was 15.6 mm×0.62 mm in size. A large number of entangled larvae were evident in the uterus. In the posterior segment of the body, eggs in different stages of development were evident. Most were eggs, though some had developed into embryonated eggs or larvae. The end of the body contained a large number of oogonia. There were dozens of spirally coiled larvae in the genital tract in the forward portion of the body. Conclusion This study described the microstructure of T. callipaeda in detail and it provided images of T. callipaeda oocytes developing into ova, embryonated eggs, and larvae. The entanglement and eventual regular arrangement of larvae was closely related to the special structure of the "uterine stem" of T. callipaeda. The relationship between the biological structure and physiological function of the worm was discussed and analyzed.
Objective To observe male and female adult specimens of Thelazia callipaeda using optical microscopy, to analyze the relationship between the special structure and function of the uterine stem, and to assemble data for morphological study of the parasite and identification of the species. Methods The eyelid of a patient was flipped inside out and moving T. callipaeda was removed with a cotton swab. The worm was placed in saline on a glass slide and observed using optical microscopy. The worm was fixed with alcohol, and photos were taken in sections. The software Adobe Photoshop was used to obtain complete photos of the worms. Results The structure of T. callipaeda was clearly depicted by microphotography, indicating the morphology of the body and the positional relationship among the internal organs. The size of the male T. callipaeda worm was 8.6 mm×0.35 mm according to a micrometer. In the reproductive system of the middle part of the body(except for the first 1/6), a dense cordlike arrangement of spermatogonial cells was evident, with a translucent copulatory spicule at the end. The female adult was 15.6 mm×0.62 mm in size. A large number of entangled larvae were evident in the uterus. In the posterior segment of the body, eggs in different stages of development were evident. Most were eggs, though some had developed into embryonated eggs or larvae. The end of the body contained a large number of oogonia. There were dozens of spirally coiled larvae in the genital tract in the forward portion of the body. Conclusion This study described the microstructure of T. callipaeda in detail and it provided images of T. callipaeda oocytes developing into ova, embryonated eggs, and larvae. The entanglement and eventual regular arrangement of larvae was closely related to the special structure of the "uterine stem" of T. callipaeda. The relationship between the biological structure and physiological function of the worm was discussed and analyzed.
引文
[1] 吴观陵. 人体寄生虫学[M]. 3版, 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2005: 713-5.
[2] Magnis J, Naucke TJ, Mathis A, et al. LocaI transmission of the eye worm Thelazia callipaeda in southern Germany[J]. Parasitol Res, 2010, 106(3): 715-7.
[3] Krishnachary PS, Shankarappa VG, Rajarathnam R, et al. Human ocular Thelaziasis in Karnataka[J]. Indian J Ophthalmol, 2014, 62(7): 822-4.
[4] Otranto D, Dantas-Torres F. Transmission of the eyeworm Thelazia callipaeda: between fantasy and reality[J]. Parasit Vectors, 2015, 8(1): 1-3.
[5] 任小红, 廖一露, 马元芬, 等. 遵义地区结膜吸吮线虫超微结构观察[J]. 中国病原生物学杂志, 2015, 10(3): 254-6.
[6] 王辉, 陈建军, 李晋川, 等. 人眼结膜吸吮线虫感染漏诊一例[J]. 中国实用眼科杂志, 2017, 35(4): 437-8.
[7] 李奔福, 杜尊伟, 汪丽波, 等. 云南省结膜吸吮线虫病一例报告及虫体形态观察[J]. 中国热带医学, 2016, 16(7): 741-2.
[8] 王增贤, 沈继龙, 王可灿, 等. 结膜吸吮线虫生活史的进一步研究[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2002, 20(6): 328-31.
[9] 王增贤, 沈继龙, 王红岩, 等. 结膜吸吮线虫病的研究进展[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2006, 24(4): 299-303.
[10] 王辅军, 石娇, 师萍, 等. 四川都江堰结膜吸吮线虫病一例报告及虫体鉴别特征[J]. 成都医学院学报, 2008, 3(4): 313-4.
[2] Magnis J, Naucke TJ, Mathis A, et al. LocaI transmission of the eye worm Thelazia callipaeda in southern Germany[J]. Parasitol Res, 2010, 106(3): 715-7.
[3] Krishnachary PS, Shankarappa VG, Rajarathnam R, et al. Human ocular Thelaziasis in Karnataka[J]. Indian J Ophthalmol, 2014, 62(7): 822-4.
[4] Otranto D, Dantas-Torres F. Transmission of the eyeworm Thelazia callipaeda: between fantasy and reality[J]. Parasit Vectors, 2015, 8(1): 1-3.
[5] 任小红, 廖一露, 马元芬, 等. 遵义地区结膜吸吮线虫超微结构观察[J]. 中国病原生物学杂志, 2015, 10(3): 254-6.
[6] 王辉, 陈建军, 李晋川, 等. 人眼结膜吸吮线虫感染漏诊一例[J]. 中国实用眼科杂志, 2017, 35(4): 437-8.
[7] 李奔福, 杜尊伟, 汪丽波, 等. 云南省结膜吸吮线虫病一例报告及虫体形态观察[J]. 中国热带医学, 2016, 16(7): 741-2.
[8] 王增贤, 沈继龙, 王可灿, 等. 结膜吸吮线虫生活史的进一步研究[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2002, 20(6): 328-31.
[9] 王增贤, 沈继龙, 王红岩, 等. 结膜吸吮线虫病的研究进展[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2006, 24(4): 299-303.
[10] 王辅军, 石娇, 师萍, 等. 四川都江堰结膜吸吮线虫病一例报告及虫体鉴别特征[J]. 成都医学院学报, 2008, 3(4): 313-4.