北方粳稻南繁过程中品质变化规律
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摘要
为研究北方粳稻在南繁北育过程中的品质变化规律,以辽宁省主栽品种辽粳9号、辽星1号、辽星21和杂交粳稻骨干亲本C62、C418为试验材料,分析了各品种在沈阳、海南三亚及海南乐东种植时稻米品质指标变化。结果表明,垩白粒率及垩白度产地间差异不显著,而糙米率、精米率、整精米率、碱消值、胶稠度、直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量、粒长及长宽比等不同产地间达到显著或极显著水平。表明水稻在不同生态区种植,品质指标可表现出较大变异性,且品种间变化趋势不同。在水稻南繁北育过程中,品质性状中垩白粒率及垩白度可在不同生态区进行协同选择,而其他米质指标应以北方当地育种区域的性状为主进行考察筛选。
In order to study the quality change rule of northern japonica rice during winter nursing in Hainan island, the quality indexes of Liaogeng 9, Liaoxing 1, Liaoxing 21 and the backbone restorer lines of hybrid japonica rice C62 and C418 were analyzed.The results showed that, the chalkiness rice rate and chalkiness degree were not significantly different between the producing areas,and the brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, alkali elimination, viscosity, amylose content, protein content, grain length,grain length-width ratio and so on reached the significant or extremely significant level. When rice was planted in different ecological zones, the quality indexes showed great variability, and the variation trend of varieties was different, which showed the complexity of the quality performance of rice in breeding in southern and northern area. Therefore, for most quality traits of northern japonica rice, it is inadvisable to select in breeding in Hainan.
In order to study the quality change rule of northern japonica rice during winter nursing in Hainan island, the quality indexes of Liaogeng 9, Liaoxing 1, Liaoxing 21 and the backbone restorer lines of hybrid japonica rice C62 and C418 were analyzed.The results showed that, the chalkiness rice rate and chalkiness degree were not significantly different between the producing areas,and the brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, alkali elimination, viscosity, amylose content, protein content, grain length,grain length-width ratio and so on reached the significant or extremely significant level. When rice was planted in different ecological zones, the quality indexes showed great variability, and the variation trend of varieties was different, which showed the complexity of the quality performance of rice in breeding in southern and northern area. Therefore, for most quality traits of northern japonica rice, it is inadvisable to select in breeding in Hainan.
引文
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[2]王远征,王晓菁,李源,等.北方粳稻产量与品质性状及其相互关系分析[J].作物学报,2015,41(6):910-918.
[3]卢碧林,王维金.不同生态环境条件下稻米品质的变异及主导气象因子分析[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(4):289-291.
[4]赵正武,李仕贵,黄文章,等.不同海拔高度对稻米品质性状的影响[J].杂交水稻,2005,20(5):57-60.
[5]王娇,王洁,强爱玲,等.北方不同气候条件对稻米品质性状的影响[J].中国稻米,2015,21(6):13-18.
[6]赵庆勇,朱镇,张亚东,等.播期和地点对不同生态类型粳稻稻米品质性状的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2013,27(3):297-304.
[7]李辉,张瑞英,戴常军,等.东北三省水稻品质差异性比较[J].中国稻米,2013,19(2):18-22.
[8]赵丽华,李杨,赵飞,等.种植区域对优质杂交粳稻品质的影响[J].种子世界2018(6):29-31.
[10]叶胜海,张小明,鲍根良,等.粳稻稻米直链淀粉含量的地区间差异[J].浙江农业科学,2002(3):126-128.
[11]刘玉球,陈光辉,周清明,等.异地异季种植对两系杂交水稻稻米品质影响研究[J].作物研究,2004,18(2):81-82.
[12]李金军,徐美铃,陆金根,等.嘉兴水稻海南育种的品质差异及育种策略[J].中国农学通报,2004,20(1):63-63.
[13]林建荣,石春海,吴明国.不同环境条件下粳型杂交稻米碾磨品质性状的遗传效应分析[J].生物数学学报,2003,18(1):116-122.
[14]黄文章,赵正武,严明建,等.稻米品质性状的变异性研究[J].西南农业学报,2005,18(6):871-873.
[15]张上都,伍祥,涂敏,等.不同生态条件对两优585米质的影响[J].种子,2014,33(11):96-98.
[16]王婧,杨洁. 2014年国家北方水稻区试品种的品质分析与评价[J].北方水稻,2015,45(6):20-25.
[17]张三元,张俊国,杨春刚,等.不同生长环境对稻米食味品质的影响[J].吉林农业科学,2008,33(6):1-4.
[18]李清华,游晴如,林志强,等.宜优673在福建不同地区的稻米品质性状表现[J].福建农业学报,2013(8):747-751.
[19]汪莲爱,袁潜华,曹兵,等.南繁气候条件下杂交水稻品质状况分析[J].湖北农业科学,2007,46(5):686-688.
[20]杨益善,陈立云,徐耀武.从稻米品质评价标准的变化看我国水稻品质育种的发展[J].杂交水稻,2004,19(3):5-10.