水平伸缩式隔离开关主闸刀特性分析及平衡弹簧的设计
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摘要
水平伸缩式隔离开关主闸刀在分、合闸过程中存在重力矩的变化,为了减少机构的输出力矩且使主闸刀运行平稳,需在下导电管内配置合适的平衡弹簧以匹配主闸刀分、合闸过程中的重力矩变化。平衡弹簧的配置是否科学直接影响着整个主闸刀系统的平稳与否,文中以1 120 kV直流隔离开关为研究对象,通过理论分析了整个主闸刀系统的机械运动特性,提出了平衡弹簧的一般设计方法。
There are gravitational torque changes of the horizontal retractable disconnector main blade during theopening and closing process. In order to reduce the output torque of the mechanism and make the main blade runsmoothly,it is necessary to configure a suitable balance spring in the lower conductive tube to match the change ofthe gravitational torque of the main blade during the opening and closing process. The configuration of the balancespring directly affects the stability of the entire main blade system. The paper starts with the basic theoretical analy-sis,takes 1 120 kV DC disconnector as research object,discusses the mechanical motion characteristics of the en-tire main blade system,and proposes the general design method of the balance spring.
There are gravitational torque changes of the horizontal retractable disconnector main blade during theopening and closing process. In order to reduce the output torque of the mechanism and make the main blade runsmoothly,it is necessary to configure a suitable balance spring in the lower conductive tube to match the change ofthe gravitational torque of the main blade during the opening and closing process. The configuration of the balancespring directly affects the stability of the entire main blade system. The paper starts with the basic theoretical analy-sis,takes 1 120 kV DC disconnector as research object,discusses the mechanical motion characteristics of the en-tire main blade system,and proposes the general design method of the balance spring.
引文
[1]苑舜,崔文军.高压隔离开关设计与改造[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2007.YUAN Shun,CUI Wenjun. Design and reconstruct of the high-voltage disconnector[M]. Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2007.
[2]牛虎明.国内外高压隔离开关的发展现状与趋势[J].电器工业,2008(2):24-30.NIU Huming. The condition and trend for development of the high voltage isolator at home and abroad[J]. China Electrical Equipment Industry,2008(2):24-30.
[3]高文.特高压直流输电系统用开关设备研发现状与结构分析[J].高压电器,2012,48(11):134-138.GAO Wen. Development and structure analysis of the switchgear applied to UHVDC transmission system[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(11):134-138.
[4]王占杰,徐光辉,马永旭,等.±800 kV特高压直流输电工程用极线隔离开关的研制[J].机电工程技术,2012,41(8):132-135.WANG Zhanjie,XU Guanghui,MA Yongxu,et al. Developmentofpolar-linedisconnectorfor±800kV UHV DC transmissionproject[J].ElectricalEngineeringTechnology,2012,41(8):132-135.
[5]钟振蛟.我国超高压隔离的发展和水平[J].电器工业,2006(9):42-48.ZHONG Zhenjiao. Development of China’s extra-high voltage disconnect switch[J]. China Electrical Equipmeng Industry,2006(9):42-48.
[6]崔景春,袁大陆,宋杲.高压隔离开关运行分析及其完善化[J].电器工业,2007(2):51-56.CUI Jingchun,YUAN Dalu,SONG Gao. Operation analysis and perfection of high votage insulation switch[J]. China Electrical Equipmeng Industry,2007(2):51-56.
[7]赵畹君.高压直流输电工程技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.ZHAO Wanjun. High voltage DC current transimission technology[M]. Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2004.
[8]于颖. GW17型折臂式高压隔离开关传动与展开机构的分析与优化[D].南京:东南大学,2011.YU Ying. Analysis and optimization of the transmission and deployment mechanism of the GW17 high-voltage switchgear[D]. Nanjing:Southeast University,2011.
[9] CABRERA J A,SIMON A,PARDA M. Optimal synthesis of mechanisms with genetic algorithms[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory,2002(37):1165-1177.
[10] KUNJUR A,KRISHNAMURTY S. Genetic algorithms in mechnical synthesis[J]. Journal of Applied Mechanisms and Robotics,1997,4(2):18-24.
[11]沈聿修.高压偏折式隔离开关的传动结构与折叠特性[J].高压电器,1993,29(6):10-18.SHEN Yuxiu. Transmitting construction and folding property of semipantograph blades of HV swichs[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,1993,29(6):10-18.
[12]沈聿修.高压隔离开关、接地开关平衡件的设置与平衡力特性的计算[J].高压电器,1995,31(1):14-18.SHEN Yuxiu. Design of the balanced device and calculation of balancing force characteristic on HV disconnectors and earthing switches[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,1995,31(1):14-18.
[13]沈聿修.高压开关运动系统等效质量的计算[J].高压电器,1994,30(6):13-18.SHEN Yuxiu. Compute the equivalent quality about movement system of high-votage switches[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,1994,30(6):13-18.
[14]赵亚平. GW16\17系列单臂折叠式隔离开关的平衡弹簧是如何确定的[J].高压电器通讯,2003(6):13-22.ZHAO Yaping. How to confirm the balance spring for theunilateralsemi-pantograph disconnector of GW16/17 series[J]. High Voltage Apparatus Communication,2003(6):13-22.
[15]邢宏昌,周昊明.最小二乘法在隔离开关平衡弹簧设计中的应用[J].机械设计与制造,2016,45(6):95-97.XING Hongchang,ZHOU Haoming. The application of least square method in the isolating switch balance spring[J]. Machine Design and Manufacture,2016,45(6):95-97.
[16]张帆,汤文成,刘成标,等.折臂式高压隔离开关平衡弹簧的设计方法[J].机械设计与制造,2013,42(1):9-12.ZHANG Fan,TANG Wencheng,LIU Chengbiao,et al.Desing method of balance spring in folding boom highvoltage switchgear[J]. Machine Design and Manufacture,2013,42(1):9-12.
[17] QIU Z B,RUAN J J,HUANG D C. Mechanical fault diagnosis of outdoor high-votage disconnector[J]. IEEJ Transacrions on Electrical and Eletronic Engineering,2006,11(5):556-563.
[18] WEI B,LI H,DONG Q,et al. On improved variable spring position impedance control for a complex docking structure[J]. Springer Journal,2017,12(4):83-87.
[19]秦岭.高压隔离开关传动系统的研究及导电杆运动机构的优化设计[D].上海:上海交通大学,2005.QIN Ling. Research the transmission of high-voltage disconnector and optimal design of the conductor leader movement mechanism[D]. Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2005.
[20]秦岭,邹慧君,张刚强,等.高压隔离开关导电杆运动机构优化设计[J].机械设计与研究,2006,22(1):93-96.QIN ling,ZOU Huijun,ZHANG Gangqiang,et al. Optimal design of the conductor leader movement mechanism[J].Machine Design and Research,2006,22(1):93-96.
[21]谭庆昌,赵洪志.机械设计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.TAN Qingchang,ZHAO Hongzhi. Mechanism design[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
[22]司小伟,康鹏.水平伸缩式高压隔离开关平衡弹簧的设计方法[J].机械设计与制造,2017,46(12):59-61.SI Xiaowei,KANG Peng. Design method of the balance spring for horizontal retractable disconnector[J]. Mechine Design and Manufacture,2017,46(12):59-61.
[2]牛虎明.国内外高压隔离开关的发展现状与趋势[J].电器工业,2008(2):24-30.NIU Huming. The condition and trend for development of the high voltage isolator at home and abroad[J]. China Electrical Equipment Industry,2008(2):24-30.
[3]高文.特高压直流输电系统用开关设备研发现状与结构分析[J].高压电器,2012,48(11):134-138.GAO Wen. Development and structure analysis of the switchgear applied to UHVDC transmission system[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(11):134-138.
[4]王占杰,徐光辉,马永旭,等.±800 kV特高压直流输电工程用极线隔离开关的研制[J].机电工程技术,2012,41(8):132-135.WANG Zhanjie,XU Guanghui,MA Yongxu,et al. Developmentofpolar-linedisconnectorfor±800kV UHV DC transmissionproject[J].ElectricalEngineeringTechnology,2012,41(8):132-135.
[5]钟振蛟.我国超高压隔离的发展和水平[J].电器工业,2006(9):42-48.ZHONG Zhenjiao. Development of China’s extra-high voltage disconnect switch[J]. China Electrical Equipmeng Industry,2006(9):42-48.
[6]崔景春,袁大陆,宋杲.高压隔离开关运行分析及其完善化[J].电器工业,2007(2):51-56.CUI Jingchun,YUAN Dalu,SONG Gao. Operation analysis and perfection of high votage insulation switch[J]. China Electrical Equipmeng Industry,2007(2):51-56.
[7]赵畹君.高压直流输电工程技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.ZHAO Wanjun. High voltage DC current transimission technology[M]. Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2004.
[8]于颖. GW17型折臂式高压隔离开关传动与展开机构的分析与优化[D].南京:东南大学,2011.YU Ying. Analysis and optimization of the transmission and deployment mechanism of the GW17 high-voltage switchgear[D]. Nanjing:Southeast University,2011.
[9] CABRERA J A,SIMON A,PARDA M. Optimal synthesis of mechanisms with genetic algorithms[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory,2002(37):1165-1177.
[10] KUNJUR A,KRISHNAMURTY S. Genetic algorithms in mechnical synthesis[J]. Journal of Applied Mechanisms and Robotics,1997,4(2):18-24.
[11]沈聿修.高压偏折式隔离开关的传动结构与折叠特性[J].高压电器,1993,29(6):10-18.SHEN Yuxiu. Transmitting construction and folding property of semipantograph blades of HV swichs[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,1993,29(6):10-18.
[12]沈聿修.高压隔离开关、接地开关平衡件的设置与平衡力特性的计算[J].高压电器,1995,31(1):14-18.SHEN Yuxiu. Design of the balanced device and calculation of balancing force characteristic on HV disconnectors and earthing switches[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,1995,31(1):14-18.
[13]沈聿修.高压开关运动系统等效质量的计算[J].高压电器,1994,30(6):13-18.SHEN Yuxiu. Compute the equivalent quality about movement system of high-votage switches[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,1994,30(6):13-18.
[14]赵亚平. GW16\17系列单臂折叠式隔离开关的平衡弹簧是如何确定的[J].高压电器通讯,2003(6):13-22.ZHAO Yaping. How to confirm the balance spring for theunilateralsemi-pantograph disconnector of GW16/17 series[J]. High Voltage Apparatus Communication,2003(6):13-22.
[15]邢宏昌,周昊明.最小二乘法在隔离开关平衡弹簧设计中的应用[J].机械设计与制造,2016,45(6):95-97.XING Hongchang,ZHOU Haoming. The application of least square method in the isolating switch balance spring[J]. Machine Design and Manufacture,2016,45(6):95-97.
[16]张帆,汤文成,刘成标,等.折臂式高压隔离开关平衡弹簧的设计方法[J].机械设计与制造,2013,42(1):9-12.ZHANG Fan,TANG Wencheng,LIU Chengbiao,et al.Desing method of balance spring in folding boom highvoltage switchgear[J]. Machine Design and Manufacture,2013,42(1):9-12.
[17] QIU Z B,RUAN J J,HUANG D C. Mechanical fault diagnosis of outdoor high-votage disconnector[J]. IEEJ Transacrions on Electrical and Eletronic Engineering,2006,11(5):556-563.
[18] WEI B,LI H,DONG Q,et al. On improved variable spring position impedance control for a complex docking structure[J]. Springer Journal,2017,12(4):83-87.
[19]秦岭.高压隔离开关传动系统的研究及导电杆运动机构的优化设计[D].上海:上海交通大学,2005.QIN Ling. Research the transmission of high-voltage disconnector and optimal design of the conductor leader movement mechanism[D]. Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2005.
[20]秦岭,邹慧君,张刚强,等.高压隔离开关导电杆运动机构优化设计[J].机械设计与研究,2006,22(1):93-96.QIN ling,ZOU Huijun,ZHANG Gangqiang,et al. Optimal design of the conductor leader movement mechanism[J].Machine Design and Research,2006,22(1):93-96.
[21]谭庆昌,赵洪志.机械设计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.TAN Qingchang,ZHAO Hongzhi. Mechanism design[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
[22]司小伟,康鹏.水平伸缩式高压隔离开关平衡弹簧的设计方法[J].机械设计与制造,2017,46(12):59-61.SI Xiaowei,KANG Peng. Design method of the balance spring for horizontal retractable disconnector[J]. Mechine Design and Manufacture,2017,46(12):59-61.