2016年深圳市光明新区重点职业病职业健康风险评估
|
摘要
目的掌握深圳市光明新区重点职业病发病特点,为相关职能部门制定职业病防治措施提供依据。方法收集2016年深圳市光明新区在岗期间职业健康检查的接触重点职业病危害因素的劳动者检查资料、新发职业病资料及重大职业病危害监测资料,运用SPSS 19.0建立数据库并进行统计分析。结果检查接触重点职业病危害因素的劳动者共4 259人,其中接触苯的劳动者1 284人,接触铅的劳动者168人,接触噪声的劳动者2 807人。接触重点职业病危害的劳动者主要分布于计算机、通信和其他电子设备制造业和其他制造业(75.62%),大型和小型企业(67.27%),港澳台、外商企业(68.14%)。重点职业病职业健康检查一般检查项目血常规共检查1 452人,异常检出率为6.5%;尿常规共检查1 452人,异常检出率为6.9%;肝功能共检查1 284人,异常检查率为10.4%;心电图共检查4 259人,异常检出率为0.2%。血压共检查4 259人,高血压检出率为5.5%,低血压检出率为1.4%。苯作业人员专项检查项目为白细胞计数和血小板计数,其中有22人白细胞计数低于限值,占1.7%;有2人血小板低于限值,占0.2%。铅作业人员专项检查项目为血铅检查,168人检查结果均为血铅<400μg/L。噪声作业人员专项检查项目为双耳高频平均听阈,其中双耳高频平均听阈≥40 d B的人数为266人,占9.5%。苯的检测合格率为95.23%,噪声的检测合格率为70.73%,铅、矽尘检测合格率均达到100%。2016年共报告7例职业病患者,重点职业病危害因素所致职业病3例噪声聋,占42.86%。结论深圳市光明新区重点职业病危害因素为噪声。辖区内监督管理部门应该针对噪声聋等重点职业病及其危害因素进行重点加强管理,重点关注行业为计算机、通信和其他电子的大型的小型企业。
[Objective]To grasp the characteristics of the major occupational diseases in Guangming District of Shenzhen City,and provide the basis for the relevant functional departments to formulate occupational diseases prevention and control measures.[Methods] By collecting physical examination data of the on-the-job workers with occupational hazards exposure,newly diagnosed cases and occupational hazard monitoring.SPSS 19.0 was used to establish database for statistical analysis.[Results] A total of 4 259 workers exposed to key occupational hazards were examined.The number of workers were exposed to benzene was1 284,168 were exposed to lead and 2 807 to noise.Workers who are exposed to key occupational hazards are mainly distributed in computers,telecommunications and other electronic equipment manufacturing and other manufacturing industries(75.62%),large and small businesses(67.27%),private enterprises,Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan(68.14%) enterprises.The blood routine examination of general examination project for key occupation health was conducted on 1 452 workers,with the abnormal detection rate of 6.5%;routine urine test was performed on 1 452 workers with the abnormality rate of 6.9%;liver function examination on 1 284,with the rate of 10.4%;ECG on 4 259,with the rate of 0.2%.Blood pressure examination was performed on4 259,with the hypertension rate of 5.5% and hypotension rate of 1.4%.The special examination for lead workers was the examination of blood lead,and the results of 168 workers were all <400 μg/L.The special examination for noise exposed workers was high frequency average hearing threshold,266 workers' average listening threshold at high frequencies in both ears ≥40 d B,accounting for 9.5%.The qualified rate of benzene was 95.23%,that of noise,lead and silica dust was 70.73%,100%,100%,respectively.In 2016,a total of 7 cases of occupational diseases were reported.Three cases of occupational disease caused by occupational hazards were reported to be noise-induced deafness,accounting for 42.86%.[Conclusion] The key occupational hazard in Guangming District of Shenzhen is noise.Supervision departments should strengthen the management of key occupational diseases such as noise deafness and their harmful factors,especially on computers,telecommunications and other electronic and large and small businesses.
[Objective]To grasp the characteristics of the major occupational diseases in Guangming District of Shenzhen City,and provide the basis for the relevant functional departments to formulate occupational diseases prevention and control measures.[Methods] By collecting physical examination data of the on-the-job workers with occupational hazards exposure,newly diagnosed cases and occupational hazard monitoring.SPSS 19.0 was used to establish database for statistical analysis.[Results] A total of 4 259 workers exposed to key occupational hazards were examined.The number of workers were exposed to benzene was1 284,168 were exposed to lead and 2 807 to noise.Workers who are exposed to key occupational hazards are mainly distributed in computers,telecommunications and other electronic equipment manufacturing and other manufacturing industries(75.62%),large and small businesses(67.27%),private enterprises,Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan(68.14%) enterprises.The blood routine examination of general examination project for key occupation health was conducted on 1 452 workers,with the abnormal detection rate of 6.5%;routine urine test was performed on 1 452 workers with the abnormality rate of 6.9%;liver function examination on 1 284,with the rate of 10.4%;ECG on 4 259,with the rate of 0.2%.Blood pressure examination was performed on4 259,with the hypertension rate of 5.5% and hypotension rate of 1.4%.The special examination for lead workers was the examination of blood lead,and the results of 168 workers were all <400 μg/L.The special examination for noise exposed workers was high frequency average hearing threshold,266 workers' average listening threshold at high frequencies in both ears ≥40 d B,accounting for 9.5%.The qualified rate of benzene was 95.23%,that of noise,lead and silica dust was 70.73%,100%,100%,respectively.In 2016,a total of 7 cases of occupational diseases were reported.Three cases of occupational disease caused by occupational hazards were reported to be noise-induced deafness,accounting for 42.86%.[Conclusion] The key occupational hazard in Guangming District of Shenzhen is noise.Supervision departments should strengthen the management of key occupational diseases such as noise deafness and their harmful factors,especially on computers,telecommunications and other electronic and large and small businesses.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.职业健康监护技术规范:GBZ 188-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
[2]国家安全生产监督管理总局.职业卫生技术服务机构检测工作规范[Z/OL].(2016-02-06)[2018-01-21].http//wenku.baidu.com/view/e2866438770bf78a64295460.html
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部.工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范.GBZ 159-2004[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部.工作场所物理因素测量第8部分:噪声:GBZ/T 189.8-2007[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[5]刘清香,张献兴,刘松.2008—2013年深圳市光明新区职业病发病情况[J].职业与健康,2014,30(13):1748-1750.
[6]陈浩,李旭东.2004—2013年深圳市龙岗区职业病发病情况分析[J].中国职业医学,2014,41(3):355-353.
[7]陈焕然,邱秀珊.2006—2012年深圳市职业病发病状况分析[J].中国职业医学,2014,41(4):478-480.
[8]李小杰,钟逸菲.东莞市2003—2007年职业病发病情况分析[J].中国职业医学,2009,36(5):448,450.
[9]阳慧萍,陈芳,谢乐云,等.韶关市2006—2015年职业病报告分析[J].中国职业医学,2017,44(4):524-526,530.
[10]殷霄,吴劲松,曾丽海,等.2011—2013年广东省职业病发病形势分析及对策建议[J].中国职业医学,2014,41(4):445-447.
[11]金蕾,王龙义,王川健.2006—2013年海南省职业病发病情况分析[J].中国职业医学,2015,42(1):113-114,117.
[12]钟学飘,朱志良,马争,等.2005—2013年全国职业病发病情况分析[J].实用预防医学,2015,22(7):858-859.
[13]钱海洋,葛琴娟,谢石,等.2006—2015年镇江市重点职业病发病情况分析[J].职业与健康,2017,32(24):3332-3335.
[14]颜玲,任玲香,郑文华.2007—2012年济南市职业病发病情况分析[J].预防医学论坛,2017,22(5):374-375,379.
[15]杨军红,汪思顺,陈可风.2008-2013年贵州省职业病发病情况分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,20(6):645-646.
[16]金若刚,黄邵玲,罗磊,等.长沙市2013-2015年职业病发病情况分析[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(8):977-979.
[17]马璨,孙冉,王磊,等.2006—2017年北京市朝阳区职业病发病情况分析[J].中国工业医学杂志,2017,30(3):207-209.
[2]国家安全生产监督管理总局.职业卫生技术服务机构检测工作规范[Z/OL].(2016-02-06)[2018-01-21].http//wenku.baidu.com/view/e2866438770bf78a64295460.html
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部.工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范.GBZ 159-2004[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部.工作场所物理因素测量第8部分:噪声:GBZ/T 189.8-2007[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[5]刘清香,张献兴,刘松.2008—2013年深圳市光明新区职业病发病情况[J].职业与健康,2014,30(13):1748-1750.
[6]陈浩,李旭东.2004—2013年深圳市龙岗区职业病发病情况分析[J].中国职业医学,2014,41(3):355-353.
[7]陈焕然,邱秀珊.2006—2012年深圳市职业病发病状况分析[J].中国职业医学,2014,41(4):478-480.
[8]李小杰,钟逸菲.东莞市2003—2007年职业病发病情况分析[J].中国职业医学,2009,36(5):448,450.
[9]阳慧萍,陈芳,谢乐云,等.韶关市2006—2015年职业病报告分析[J].中国职业医学,2017,44(4):524-526,530.
[10]殷霄,吴劲松,曾丽海,等.2011—2013年广东省职业病发病形势分析及对策建议[J].中国职业医学,2014,41(4):445-447.
[11]金蕾,王龙义,王川健.2006—2013年海南省职业病发病情况分析[J].中国职业医学,2015,42(1):113-114,117.
[12]钟学飘,朱志良,马争,等.2005—2013年全国职业病发病情况分析[J].实用预防医学,2015,22(7):858-859.
[13]钱海洋,葛琴娟,谢石,等.2006—2015年镇江市重点职业病发病情况分析[J].职业与健康,2017,32(24):3332-3335.
[14]颜玲,任玲香,郑文华.2007—2012年济南市职业病发病情况分析[J].预防医学论坛,2017,22(5):374-375,379.
[15]杨军红,汪思顺,陈可风.2008-2013年贵州省职业病发病情况分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,20(6):645-646.
[16]金若刚,黄邵玲,罗磊,等.长沙市2013-2015年职业病发病情况分析[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(8):977-979.
[17]马璨,孙冉,王磊,等.2006—2017年北京市朝阳区职业病发病情况分析[J].中国工业医学杂志,2017,30(3):207-209.